Non-Infectious Diseases (and a review of infectious)

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Non-Infectious Diseases(and a review of
infectious)
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The Road to Death So Far.

• Pathogens and Diseases they Cause
• Questions from the Burrito Book ppt?
• Table how to do it
• Transmission and Prevention
• Vector vs. Carrier
• Immune system
• Active vs. Passive Immunity
• History Edward Jenner and Dr. Snow

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Vector vs. Carrier

• A vector merely transports the disease but cant
  get it.
• A carrier is infected but will not show symptoms
  of it.

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Leading Cause of Death in US

• Heart disease 631,636
• Cancer 559,888
• Stroke 137,119
• (CDC, 2006)

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Active vs. Passive Immunity

• Active you got sick
• Passive you got a vaccine or got the antibodies
  from your mom

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Dr. Snow and the Pump
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Non-Infectious Disease

• Not caused by pathogens
• Cannot be transmitted to other people
• Main Catagories
• Genetics
• Life-style
• Environmental factors

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Genetic or Hereditary NCD

• Determined by genes
• Congenital disease born with the gene
• Can be a random mutation
• Some symptoms present at birth
• Others dont show up until later in life
• Familial Disease Tendency
• - Disease runs in family

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Types of Genetic NCDs

• Chromosome Errors
• Down syndrome
• Born with an extra chromosome

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Genetic NCDs

• Recessive gene disorders
• Need recessive gene from both parents
• Can be a carrier
• Cystic fibrosis sickle cell anemia

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Genetic NCDs
Sex-linked disorders Linked to x chromosome
(female) Can be recessive in females Color
blindness, hemophilia, muscular dystrophy
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Environmental Risk Factors
- You dont choose it, you just are exposed to it

• Altitude
• Trauma
• Radiation
• Sunlight, radon
• War and accidents
• Pollution
• Modern products
• Outgassing
• Poisons
• Manufacturing wastes
• Secondhand smoke

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Lifestyle Risk Factors
- Your choices kill you.

• Food Choices
• Obesity
• Exercise
• Alcohol
• Tobacco
• Stress
• Sleep
• Stupidity

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Lifestyle related Disease

• Cardiovascular Disease genetic bad habits
• Hypertension, Arteriosclerosis,
• Atherosclerosis, Heart Attack, Stroke,
• Arrhythmias, Heart Valve Disorder,
• Varicose Veins
• Type 2 Diabetes can be genetic, but usually
  diet based
• Cancer genetics activating toxin

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Causes/Prevention
Oddly, its all a matter of
Inflammation. Inflammation is
the body's attempt at self-protection. It is
trying to remove harmful stimuli, including
damaged cells, irritants, or pathogens to
begin the healing process
Inflammation is the beginning of most every
disease we have.
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Videos

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vwnK1Kv3XkZI
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vf7F52IyeINk
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?ve3QuUMt9cao

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Discussion

• Define HDL, LDL, Cholesterol. How are they
  different? How are they similar?
• Describe angiogenesis. What does it do? Why does
  this help increase heart health?
• Describe the symptoms of heart disease.

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What is Cancer?

• Define the 5 different types of cancer?
• What is the difference between benign malignant
  tumors?
• What is metastasis? How does it occur?
• What causes cancer?
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vj_wRpa2b5XI

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Cancer

• Types
• Skin
• Lung
• Mouth
• Throat
• Leukemia
• Breast
• Colon
• Cervix
• Prostate
• Testicular

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Cancer

• Types Risk Factors
• Skin L, E, G
• Lung L, E,
• Mouth L, E
• Throat L, E
• Leukemia L, E, G
• Breast L, E, G
• Colon E, G
• Cervix L
• Prostate L, G
• Testicular L, G

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Signs Symptoms

• Unexplained weight loss
• Fever
• Fatigue
• Pain
• Skin changes
• Thickening/ lumps
• Unusual bowel movements
• Unusual bleeding

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Diagnosis

• Early detection!!!!!!!!
• Screening
• Self-test
• Pap-test
• Cervical examination
• Colonoscopy
• Looks inside colon
• Biopsy
• Removal of cell/ tissue for examination

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Treatment

• Chemotherapy
• Drugs that kill cancer cell
• Often taken in combination
• Pill or injection form
• Radiation Therapy
• Radiation can stop growth/ division of cancer
  cells
• Surgery
• Removal of tumor or cancer cells

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Prevention

• Avoid tobacco.
• Avoid alcohol.
• Protect against the sun.
• Avoid chemicals/ carcinogens.
• Increase fiber intake.
• Reduce fiber intake.
• Eat balanced diet.
• Self-test.
• Get regular physical activity.
• Surgery