The Great Depression

1
The Great Depression The New Deal

• Chapters 22 23

2
Study for test!

• Chapters 1718

3
STARTER Thursday, November 30

• Read pages 618-619 and answer the three questions
  below
• What was Roosevelts Black Cabinet? What did it
  do?
• Why didnt Roosevelt support full civil rights
  for African Americans?
• How did New Deal policies affect Native
  Americans?
• Read Historical Spotlight Deportation of
  Mexican Americans on page 712 and answer the
  question below
• Why do you think Mexican Americans were met with
  hostility during the Depression?

4
GROUP 3
Writers
5
1930-1939 Video

1. What was the Bonus Army?
2. What happened during Roosevelts first 100 days?
3. How did Hitler violate the Treaty of Versailles?
4. What was FDRs stance on the war when World War
   II began in Europe?
5. What was life like in the cities during the Great
   Depression?
6. What segments of the population supported the
   Presidents plan to get us out of the Great
   Depression?
7. What did the CCC do?

6

1. What was the Dust Bowl?
2. What group was most effected by the Great
   Depression? Why?
3. Who was John L. Lewis?
4. What games were played during the 30s?
5. How did Jesse Owens upset Hitlers hopes for the
   1936 Olympics?
6. Who was the first woman appointed to the cabinet?
7. What was the cause of the crime crack down of
   the 1930s?
8. Who was the most famous woman of the 1930s? Why?

7

• What was the newsreel?
• What was public reaction to The War of the
  Worlds?
• Who was the most famous aviator of the 30s?
• What did the Public Works Administration do?
• What was the dance craze of the 30s?

8
4/23

• Test Corrections
• Correct Answer
• Why it is correct

9
Starter

• Read Causes of the Great Depression on pages
  572-573
• Answer Two questions
• Read Effects of the Great Depression on page 579
• Answer two questions

If you were absent on Friday, Turn in your
Great Depression/ New Deal Packet. It will not
be accepted after 1115
10
Starter

• Imagine that I gave the class 1,000. Then we
  drove to Raleigh to eat at the Cheesecake
  Factory.
• What would you buy to eat?
• How would the restaurant respond to us coming?

11
Starter

• Read The First 100 Days along the bottoms of
  pages 602 and 603
• Answer the two Questions

12
Starter

• Assessment Sheets ?
• Last Name- A-O on the Table
• Last Name P-W on the Cart

13
Take out Great Depression/ New Deal Packet

• Today I am checking
• Goal 8 Assessment Sheets
• Midterm Assessment Sheets
• 9a Vocabulary
• 9a Assessment Sheet
• 9b Vocabulary
• GD/ND Packet

14
Objectives

• 9.01 Elaborate on the cycle of economic boom and
  bust in the 1920's and 1930's.

15
The Great Depression The New DealPacket
Get to work on your packet!

• Due TODAY for a Quiz Grade

16
COPY YOUR VOCABULARYGreat Depression New Deal
VocabularyDue Monday

• Prosperity
• Warren G Harding
• Calvin Coolidge
• Herbert Hoover
• Speculation
• Black Tuesday
• Business cycle
• Great Depression
• Hawley-Smoot Tariff
• John M Keynes
• Destitution
• Breadline
• Hoovervilles
• Cesar Chavez
• Dust Bowl
• Okies
• Depression
• Repatriation
• Localsim

1. Douglas Macarthur
2. John Steinbeck
3. Franklin D Roosevelt
4. New Deal
5. Fireside chats
6. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
7. Social Security Act
8. Wagner Act
9. Collective Bargaining
10. Fair Labor Standards Act
11. Black Deal
12. Indian New Deal
13. New Deal Coalition
14. Welfare State
15. Federal Art Project

17

• ASSESSMENT SHEETS!!!

18
Great Depression New Deal Packet

• Assessment Sheet
• Vocabulary
• What Would You Do?
• Chapter 17, Section 1 Questions
• Chapter 17, Section 2 Chart
• Chapter 17, Section 3 Questions
• If you are finished, put this work in the basket
• If not, this is homework!

STOP! Youre done!
19
What Would You Do?

• It is 1929 and the U.S. economy has collapsed.
  Farms, businesses, and banks nationwide are
  failing, causing massive unemployment and
  poverty. You are out of work with little
  prospect of finding a job.
• What would you do to feed your family?
• What can you do to find a paying job?
• What can unemployed and impoverished people do to
  help each other?

20
Causes of the DepressionChapter 17, Section 1
(Write the question the answer!)

1. 1. What is meant by a bull market?
2. 2. What advantage did Hoover have over Smith in
   the Presidential election of 1928?
3. Why did the farming industry grow weak?
4. How did the uneven distribution of income create
   economic problems?
5. Why did more Americans start living on credit?
6. Explain what is meant by buying stocks on
   speculation and buying on margin.
7. What did shareowners do with their stocks in
   September/October of 1929?
8. What was Black Tuesday?

NEXT SLIDE
21

• Explain what is meant by buying stocks on
  speculation and buying on margin.
• What did shareowners do with their stocks in
  September/October of 1929?
• What was Black Tuesday?
• Why did banks fail after the stock market crash?
• Why did key basic industries lose business?
• What was the Hawley Smoot Tariff and how did
  other countries respond?
• Why did the Great Depression impact Europe as
  well?

NEXT SLIDE
22
17, Section 2Complete the chart, describing the
hardships faced during the Great Depression
(detailed descriptions)
HARDSHIP DESCRIPTION
Life in the Cities
The Dust Bowl
Men
Women and children
Minorities
Social/Psychological Effects
NEXT SLIDE
23
Chapter 17, Section 3Write the questions and the
answers

1. What did Hoover believe was the governments
   chief function during the Depression?
2. Why did Hoover oppose federal welfare?
3. What were some of the projects Hoover proposed to
   get the nation out of the Depression? How
   effective were they?
4. Name ways Americans protested Hoovers efforts to
   get the nation out of the Depression.
5. What did Hoover ultimately do about the Bonus
   Army?

Stop!
24
STOP WORKING ON THE QUESTIONSWatch the video
Broke, but not Broken answer these questions

1. What choices did Ann Marie Lows family make
   during the Depression? Do you agree with their
   choices? Explain.
2. What did you learn about the relationship between
   the government farmers?
3. What did the older Ann Marie Lows comments add
   to your understanding of the Great Depression?

NEXT SLIDE
25
Starter 11/16

• Imagine that you have been elected president of
  the US in 1932
• Create a plan to address one of the major
  economic and social issues facing the country
• Test will be tomorrow. It is in your best
  interest that it is.

26
Why did key basic industries lose business?

• Older industries gave way to the industries of
  new technologies
• Example the railroad industry (and those
  industries associated with it) gave way to the
  automobile industry
• The end of the war led to the decrease in
  business for some industries
• New sources of energy replaced old sources of
  energy

27

• Answers to packet

28

• 1. What is meant by a bull market?
• A period of rising stock prices
• Americans were rushing to buy stocks during a
  bull market

29
2. What advantages did Hoover have over Smith in
the Presidential election of 1928?

• Experience in Public Service
• head of the Food Administration,
• Secretary of Commerce
• The success of the previous Republican
  administrations

30
(No Transcript)
31
3. Why did the farming industry grow weak?

• End of the war led to less demand for crops
• Farmers had taken out loans during the war and
  when demand fell and crop prices fell, farmers
  went in debt
• Farms were lost and they defaulted on their loan

32
The coal mining industry also suffered!

• New sources of energy were used, including
  hydroelectric power, fuel oil, and natural gas
  replaced coal

33
4. How did the uneven distribution of income
create economic problems?

• Many people could not afford expensive goods,
  such as refrigerators

34
5. Why did more Americans start living on credit?

• People were buying less due to high prices,
  stagnant wages, an uneven distribution of income,
  and overbuying on credit
• People lived on credit so they could have new
  items.
• When you purchased items on credit, you would
  have to pay interest charges
• People went into debt

35

• 6. Explain what is meant by buying stocks on
  speculation and buying on margin.
• Speculation Buying a stock/bond on the hopes of
  a quick return (profit) on your investment
• Buying on Margin paying only a small percentage
  of what the stock is worth or, only putting a
  down payment down on the stock borrowing the
  rest
• Very little regulation of the stock market
  existed the government did not interfere

36

• 7. What did shareowners do with their stocks in
  September/October of 1929?
• They sold them as quickly as they could because
  they suspected the stock market would crash

37

• 8. What was Black Tuesday?
• The day (October 29, 1929) the stock market
  crashed
• 16.4 million shares were dropped that day many
  could not find buyers
• People who had bought stocks were either left in
  debt or their savings were gone
• Within a few weeks, 30 billion was lost buy
  investors8.

38

• 9. Why did banks fail after the stock market
  crash?
• Many banks failed because they had no money they
  had used peoples money to invest in the stock
  market as well!
• At this time, the government had not started to
  protect insure the money in the banks

39
10. Why did key basic industries lose business?

• Businesses laid off employees and reduced
  production
• The increased number of unemployed led to a
  decrease in consumer spending
• Less consumer spending contributed to more lay
  offs

40
Causes of the Depression
Fewer goods are sold.
Demand drops.
The Spiral Of Depression
In order to stay in business companies cut wages
Companies are forced to cut costs by laying
people off
People lose their confidence start saving
their money
Demand drops even further.
41
11. What was the Hawley Smoot Tariff and how did
other countries respond?

• Tax on imports that raised prices on foreign
  goods so that they could not compete with
  American goods
• In retaliation other European countries created
  similar tariffs that harmed American business

42

• 12. Why did the Great Depression impact Europe as
  well?
• Europe was still trying to recover from the war
• Many nations were trying to pay off war debts
  Germany was paying reparations
• America limited imports to protect its economy
  (Hawley-Smoot Tariff)
• In return, other nations did not buy our products
  

43
(No Transcript)
44
HARDSHIP DESCRIPTION
Life in the Cities Unemployment Homelessness Shanytowns created Hunger led to soup kitchen bread lines Higher unemployment for African Americans Latinos (in addition to violence, discrimination, deportation)
The Dust Bowl Overproduction of crops destroying of the prairie grass in the Plain Drought winds led to dust flying 100s of miles People (Okies) in the Dust Bowl moved to California looking for work
Men in the Streets Men couldnt support their families (some men abandoned their families) They took to the streets daily looking for work Hobos No direct relief was available at this time
45
HARDSHIP DESCRIPTION
Women and Children Canned food Sewed clothes Some worked outside the home, but this caused resentment because there were so many men without jobs Poor health School closings Worked in factories teens became Hoover tourists
Minorities Blacks were the last hired and first fired Sharecroppers were thrown off land Mexican Americans Anglos competed for farm jobs Repatriation (encouraged to return to Mexico) many were forced out
Social/Psycho-logical Effects Suicides Mental hospitals Sacrifices made People became determined not to be poor again Kindness shown to strangers
46
1. What did Hoover believe was the governments
chief function during the Depression?

• To foster cooperation between conflicting groups
  and interests
• The government should step in to solve problems,
  but not force cooperation

47
2. Why did Hoover oppose federal welfare?

• He believed hand-outs would weaken peoples
  self-respect moral fiber
• He believed America was based on individualism
  and it was not the job of the government to take
  care of individuals and their families
• Individuals (people, charities, local
  organizations) should pitch in to help, not the
  government

48
3. What were some of the projects Hoover proposed
to get the nation out of the Depression? How
effective were they?

1. Boulder Dam- successful in getting power and
   water to California aided in agricultural
   production
2. Federal Home Loan Bank Act- lowered mortgage
   rates allowed farmers to refinance their loans
3. Reconstruction Finance Corporation- offered
   financing to businesses, believing this would
   help average people this was unsuccessful and
   was seen a too little, too late

49
4. Name ways Americans protested Hoovers efforts
to get the nation out of the Depression?

1. The Republicans (Hoovers party) were voted out
   of Congress in the 1930 elections
2. Farmers burned and dumped their crops rather than
   sell them at a loss
3. Farmers blocked roads to prevent food from
   getting to market
4. Shantytowns were called Hoovervilles
   Newspapers were called Hoover blankets Empty
   pockets (inside out) were called Hoover flags

50
5. What did Hoover ultimately do about the Bonus
Army?

• Tear gassed, troops moved in with bayonets, fires
  were started, people were shot.
• People were stunned at the governments response
  to these veterans

51
Read the section Relief, Recovery, Reform The
First 100 Days p 602-3

• Answer the two questions in the section
• Then create a newspaper headline that
  demonstrates how the public would feel about its
  new president.
• Example Roosevelt The Man with the Plan

52
Starter

• Read pages 618-619 and answer the three questions
  below
• What was Roosevelts Black Cabinet? What did it
  do?
• Why didnt Roosevelt support full civil rights
  for African Americans?
• How did New Deal policies affect Native
  Americans?

53
New Notes

• 9.05 Assess the impact of New Deal reforms in
  enlarging the role of the federal government in
  American life

54
Today 11/13

• Review from yesterday
• Five minutes finish up container collages
• Present container collages
• Review for tomorrows TEST!!

55
Objectives

• 9.01 Elaborate on the cycle of economic boom and
  bust in the 1920's and 1930's.
• 9.05 Assess the impact of New Deal reforms in
  enlarging the role of the federal government in
  American life.

56
People waiting in line for bread and soup and
also living out of their car.
57
The Dust Bowl

• Farmers in the Midwest had over farmed the soil.
• Drought conditions led to 100 of acres of soil
  being blown away.
• These black blizzards lasted from 1933 to 1939.

58
(No Transcript)
59
(No Transcript)
60
(No Transcript)
61
(No Transcript)
62
(No Transcript)
63
(No Transcript)
64
(No Transcript)
65
(No Transcript)
66
Movies
67
Radio

• October 30, 1938
• Orson Wells performed HG Wells classic over the
  radio.
• Made Wells famous
• Caused a panic because people thought Martians
  were invading
• Link to listen to the radio broadcast.

68
Grant Wood

• Famous painting entitled American Gothic.
• Best known for his paintings depicting the rural
  American Midwest.

69
Woody Guthrie

• Folk singer during the Depression
• His personal and musical styles were deeply
  influenced by his childhood in rural Oklahoma
  during the Great Depression years.
• This Land is Your Land famous song

70
The Grapes of Wrath

• Classical novel written by John Steinbeck in
  1939.
• Focuses on a poor family of sharecroppers
• Driven from their home by the drought
• They head to California looking for a better life

71
Franklin Roosevelts New DealIdentify the
following important aspects of the New Deal

• New Deal
• Fireside Chats
• Glass-Steagall Act (especially the FDIC)
• Federal Securities Act
• Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
• Works Progress Administration (WPA)
• Social Security Act

72
New Deal

• Roosevelts program for getting the nation out of
  the Great Depression
• He wanted to give the American people a New
  Deal
• Three goals
• Relief for the needy
• Economic recovery
• Financial reform

73
Fireside Chats

• Roosevelt gave fireside chats to keep the
  nation informed on issues of public concern
• He gave these national addresses of the radio
  Americans felt he was speaking directly to them!

74
Glass-Steagall Act (especially the FDIC)

• Glass-Steagall Act established the FDIC
• The FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)
  provided government insurance for individual bank
  accounts up to 5,000
• This made people feel their money was safe
• Banks also had to act cautiously with their
  customers money

75
Federal Securities Act

• This law provided regulation of the stock market
• Corporations are required to provide complete
  information regarding their stock offerings

76
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

• The government regulated the amount of crops
  produced
• By doing this, crop prices rose because
  production was lowered
• The government paid farmers NOT to cultivate all
  of their land
• This did help farmers have more money because
  prices increased
• This law was found unconstitutional by the
  Supreme Court (they stated that agriculture was a
  local matter, not a federal matter)

77
(No Transcript)
78
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

• A work relief program that put young men (18-25)
  to work building roads, developing parks,
  planting trees, and helping in soil erosion and
  flood control
• They helped plant trees in the Great Plains to
  prevent another Dust Bowl
• Workers were paid in cash and they ate and lived
  for free

79

• Our greatest task is to put people to work. This
  is no unsolveable problem if we face it wisely
  and courageously. It can be accomplished in part
  by direct recruiting by the Government itself,
  treating the task as we would threat the
  emergency of war, but at the same time, through
  this employment, accomplishing greatly needed
  projects to stimulate and reorganize the use of
  our national resources.
• Franklin D. Roosevelt 4 March 1933

80
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)

• Law that established fair practices in industry
  (ex. Set prices of many products and established
  standards)
• Law that established jobs to construct schools
  and other community buildings
• This law was found unconstitutional by the
  Supreme Court (it gave the executive branch
  legislative power)

81
Works Progress Administration (WPA)

• A series of programs to help youths,
  professionals and others find employment
• Worked in construction, collect historical
  material, gave aid to students to go to school

82
Social Security Act

• Probably the most important achievements of the
  New Deal
• Provides the following
• Retirement
• Unemployment compensation
• Aid to families with dependent children the
  disabled

83
Social Security Act

• Probably the most important achievements of the
  New Deal
• Provides the following
• Retirement
• Unemployment compensation
• Aid to families with dependent children the
  disabled

84
The Legacy of the New Deal

• The government actively participated in
  regulating the economy
• People were given direct relief from the
  government
• The government went into debt from all of the
  government spending
• What really ended the Great Depression was
• World War II started
• The economy got a massive boost from the
  production of war supplies!

85
Test Review

• Causes of the Great Depression (condition of
  farmers, investing in the stock market, buying on
  credit people were in debt)
• Life during the Depression (Dust Bowl,
  shantytowns, women, men in streets, charity)
• Hoovers administration (leave the econ. Alone,
  Bonus army, criticisms)
• New Deal programs
• Significance of the New Deal

Study for test!!
86
World War II Vocabulary

1. Appeasement
2. Holocaust
3. Lend-Lease Act
4. Womens Auxiliary Army Corp WAC
5. A. Philip Randolph
6. Manhattan Project
7. War Production Board
8. D-Day
9. Nuremberg trials
10. GI Bill of Rights
11. Internment Camp

Due Thursday
87
1930s container collage

• Use images and words to create a collage on an
  object
• You will have time to work on this today
• You will have five minutes tomorrow to complete
  the assignment
• You will present your container in class tomorrow

War of the Worlds
88
CATEGORY 4 3 2 1
Quality of Container The container shows considerable attention to construction and creativity. The container shows attention to construction and creativity. The container shows some attention to construction and creativity. The container shows little attention to construction and creativity.
Creativity Several of the graphics or objects used in the collage reflect an exceptional degree of student creativity in their creation and/or display Some of the graphics or objects used in the collage reflect student creativity in their creation and/or display. Few of the graphics or objects used in the collage reflect student creativity in their creation and/or display. The graphic used do not reflect creativity.
Design Graphics are trimmed to an appropriate size and interesting shape and are arranged well, some in front and some behind. Care has been taken to balance the pictures across the container. Graphics are trimmed to an appropriate size and interesting shape and are arranged with some items in front and others behind. The container, however does not appear balanced. Graphics have been trimmed to an appropriate size and shape, but the arrangement of items is not very attractive. It appears there was not a lot of planning of the item placement. Graphics are untrimmed OR of inappropriate size and/or shape. It appears little attention was given to designing the collage.
Attention to Theme There is a reasonable explanation of how every item in the collage is related to the assigned theme. For most items, the relationship is clear without explanation. There is reasonable explanation of how most items in the collage are related to the assigned theme. For many of the items, the relationship is clear without explanation. There is fairly reasonable explanation of how most items in the collage are related to the assigned theme. There is no reasonable explanation of how most items in the collage relate items to the assigned theme.
Number of Items The collage includes items that completely cover the container. The collage includes items that cover the container. The collage includes items that mostly cover the container. The collage contains items, but the container is not covered.
Time and Effort Much time and effort went into the planning and design of the project. Some time and effort went into the planning and design of the project. Little time and effort went into the planning and design of the project. Very little time and effort went into the planning and design of the project.