Sub- Regional Workshop for World Heritage National Focal Points in the Central,

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Sub- Regional Workshop for World Heritage
National Focal Points in the Central, Eastern
and South-Eastern Europe 14 16 November 2012,
Tbilisi, Georgia World Heritage Natural
Properties specific key conservation and
management issues by property category Boris
Erg IUCN
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Protection and management as laid down in the
Operational GuidelinesAlongside
nominationManagement of WH sites
Content
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The World Heritage ConventionTo ensure, as far
as possible, the proper identification,
protection, conservation and presentation of the
world's heritage, the Member States of UNESCO
adopted the World Heritage Convention in 1972.
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IUCN co-drafted the World Heritage Convention
text with UNESCO in 1972 and is explicitly
recognized within the Convention as the technical
Advisory Body to the World Heritage Committee on
natural World Heritage sites. IUCNs role under
the Convention is threefold 1. IUCN
evaluates all natural and 'mixed' sites nominated
for World Heritage Status, and contributes to
evaluations of certain cultural landscapes.
2. IUCN monitors the state of conservation of
existing World Heritage Sites. 3. IUCN
contributes to capacity building, training and
related initiatives, particularly at regional and
field levels. PARTNERSHIP SOUND SCIENCE
PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS 
The role of IUCN
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To be included on the World Heritage List, sites
must be of Outstanding Universal Value and meet
at least one of ten criteria, as well as the
relevant conditions of integrity and authenticity
and requirements for protection and management.
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78 To be deemed of Outstanding Universal Value,
a property must also meet the conditions of
integrity and/or authenticity and must have an
adequate protection and management system to
ensure its safeguarding. 97 All properties
inscribed on the World Heritage List must have
adequate long-term legislative, regulatory,
institutional and/or traditional protection and
management to ensure their safeguarding. 108
Each nominated property should have an
appropriate management plan or other documented
management system which must specify how the
Outstanding Universal Value of a property should
be preserved, preferably through participatory
means. 
Operational Guidelines (WHC 11/01 Nov. 2011)
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110 An effective management system depends on
the type, characteristics and needs of the
nominated property and its cultural and natural
context. 111 An effective management system
could include a cycle of planning,
implementation, monitoring, evaluation and
feedback the monitoring and assessment of
the impacts of trends, changes, and of proposed
interventions the involvement of partners
and stakeholders resources
capacity-building. 115 In case a management
plan or other management system is not fully in
place at the time when a property is nominated
for the consideration of the World Heritage
Committee the State Party concerned should then
indicate when the management plan or system will
be fully in place, how it proposes to mobilize
the resources required to achieve this, and to
provide documentation which will guide the
management of the site until the management plan
or system is finalized fully in place. 
Operational Guidelines (WHC 11/01 Nov. 2011)
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132 For a nomination to be considered as
"complete", the following requirements are to be
metProtection Section 5 shall include the
list of the legislative, regulatory, contractual,
planning, institutional and/ or traditional
measures most relevant to the protection of the
property and provide a detailed analysis of the
way in which this protection actually operates.
Legislative, regulatory, contractual planning
and/or institutional texts, or an abstract of the
texts, shall also be attached in English or
French.Management An appropriate management
plan or other management system is essential and
shall be provided in the nomination. Assurances
of the effective implementation of the management
plan or other management system are also
expected. Sustainable development principles
should be integrated into the management
system. 
Operational Guidelines (WHC 11/01 Nov. 2011)
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A copy of the management plan or documentation of
the management system shall be annexed to the
nomination. If the management plan exists only in
a language other than English or French, an
English or French detailed description of its
provisions shall be annexed.A detailed analysis
or explanation of the management plan or a
documented management system shall be provided. A
nomination which does not include the
above-mentioned documents is considered
incomplete unless other documentsguiding the
management of the property until the finalization
of the management plan are provided as outlined
in paragraph 115. 
Operational Guidelines (WHC 11/01 Nov. 2011)
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The Operational Guidelines (Paragraph 111) state
that an effective management system could
include(a) a thorough shared understanding of
the property by all stakeholders(b) a cycle of
planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation
and feedback(c) the monitoring and assessment
of the impacts of trends, changes, and of
proposed interventions(d) the involvement of
partners and stakeholders(e) the allocation of
necessary resources(f) capacity-building
and(g) an accountable, transparent description
of how the management system functions.
Management system
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Management effectiveness cycle
A global survey of over 8,000 protected areas
found that effectiveness was strongly linked to
having a good management plan and those sites
without management plans tended to be less
effective.
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Although there are special issues, preparing a
management plan for a natural World Heritage
properties is in principle little different to
producing one for any other protected area.The
context for a management plan will however vary,
from some properties having a sophisticated and
long established conservation tradition, to
others where little management expertise or
activity exists.The form and content of a
management plan for a World Heritage property
will therefore be determined by the nature,
maturity and effectiveness of the management
system which currently exists at the property.
Getting started
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It is important to be clear about the specific
values of a property that are the basis for its
recognition as a World Heritage property and make
specialprovision for their protection and
management.Although Outstanding Universal Value
has a particular emphasis in the management of a
World Heritage property, it is therefore
important to notmanage the property only for its
Outstanding Universal Value but to consider all
of its values, whether the basis for World
Heritage listing or not.
Management planning for WH sites
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• For transboundary properties it is important to
  take note that even though there may be
  differences in protection and management or the
  differences in the availability of resources for
  on site management, there should be a management
  system over the entire property that straddles
  borders.

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• For transboundary properties it is noteworthy to
  take note that even though there may be
  differences in protection and management or the
  differences in the availability of resources for
  on site management, there should be a management
  system over the entire property that straddles
  borders.

For serial properties the geographic relationship
of the constituent parts will dictate whether it
is better to have one overarching plan for all
the individual areas or alternatively a high
level (political/institutional) strategic
framework for the whole area and a series of
individual action-orientated plans for each of
the individual parts of the property.
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An effective and credible Management Plan
should? Include specific focus on the global
status of the property whilst responding to
management issues of local relevance.? Protect
the unique values of the property in an ambitious
yet responsible and realistic way.? Deliver
outcomes which safeguard and enhance the
integrity of the propertys natural values.?
Demonstrate clear, comprehensive and integrated
management between the different values and
interests of the property.
Common points
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? Demonstrate how international, national,
regional and local policies and programmes can be
combined and delivered in a way which is relevant
to the property.? Influence other plans and
strategies to ensure that any activities arising
from them which affect the property pay full
regard to the areas global status.? Look both
forwards and backwards, learning from past trends
and actions and using this knowledge to
anticipate what is needed in the future.? Be
based on evidence and not only assumptions.? Be
in a form which enables its outputs to be
monitored to show how its objectives are being
achieved as well as allows for regular review and
update, making effective cross references to
supporting documentation.
Common points (ctd.)
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Stage 1 Getting started and planning the
work.Stage 2 Understanding the propertys
characteristics and its natural values.Stage 3
Deciding who should be involved and when.Stage
4 Agreeing a vision for the property and setting
management objectives.Stage 5 Examining
management options.Stage 6 Agreeing management
policies.Stage 7 Agreeing management
actions.Stage 8 Consulting on and approving the
plan.Stage 9 Monitoring the plan.Stage 10
Reviewing the plan.
Guiding principles
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The form and content of a management plan for a
World Heritage property are determined by the
nature, maturity and effectiveness of the
management system which currently exists at the
property.There are always a series of issues
which must be addressed and reflected in the core
principles which underpin the plan how the
outstanding values of the property will be
protected and its integrity safeguarded.
Guiding principles (ctd.)
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• Participation of local people and other
  stakeholders should be a priority from the start
  of the process and all the way through
• the preparation of a nomination. This
  participation should also continue after the
  nomination as well, as part of the ongoing
  management of the property.

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• States Parties to the Convention are encouraged
  to ensure the participation of a wide variety of
  stakeholders, including site managers, local and
  regional governments, local communities,
  non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other
  interested parties and partners in the
  identification, nomination and protection of
  World Heritage properties.
• .

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IUCN PA management categories

• IUCN PA Management Categories are
• I (a) Strict nature reserve / (b) Wilderness
  Area
• II National park
• III Natural monument
• IV Habitat / Species management area
• V Protected landscape / Seascape
• VI Protected area with sustainable use of
  natural resources

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IUCN Category V Protected Landscape/Seascape

• Area where the interaction of people and nature
  over time has produced an area of distinct
  character with ecological / cultural value and
  high biological diversity
• Maintain harmonious interaction of nature and
  culture
• Support lifestyle in harmony with nature
• Maintain landscape and species diversity
• Provide opportunities for recreation and tourism
• Bring benefits to local communities.

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Section II of the Periodic Reporting
questionnaire offers a number of questions
pertaining to the management of sites.
Particular emphasis to management is given is
sub-sections 4.3 Management System/Management
Plan and 4.4 Financial and Human Resources.
Periodic Reporting
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? Overall lack of national and sub-regional
strategy for the implementation of the World
Heritage Convention? Inadequate legal
protection for World Heritage? Lack of staff in
management? Inadequate capacity building and
training in the institutions and of individuals
involved in the World Heritage? Inadequate
funding in the field of heritage
Common obstacles
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Further reading
http//whc.unesco.org/ http//whc.unesco.org/en/
publications/ http//www.iucn.org/about/work/pro
grammes/wcpa_worldheritage/ resources/publications
/ http//www.icomos.org/en/what-we-do/disseminati
ng-knowledge/ publicationall http//cmsdata.iucn.
org/downloads/ iucn_wcpa_best_practice_guidelines_
series_editorial_policy.pdf
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Thank you! boris.erg_at_iucn.org http//www.iucn.or
g/about/work/programmes/wcpa_worldheritage