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ASPERGILLOSIS

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ASPERGILLOSIS Angelica Westry Symptoms A fungus ball in the lungs may cause no symptoms and may be discovered only with a chest x-ray. Or it may cause repeated ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ASPERGILLOSIS


1
ASPERGILLOSIS
  • Angelica Westry

2
Symptoms
  • A fungus ball in the lungs may cause no symptoms
    and may be discovered only with a chest x-ray. Or
    it may cause repeated coughing up of blood and
    occasionally severe, even fatal, bleeding. A
    rapidly invasive Aspergillus infection in the
    lungs often causes cough, fever, chest pain, and
    difficulty breathing.

3
Diagnosis
  • On chest x-ray and computed tomography pulmonary
    aspergillosis classically manifests as an air
    crescent sign. In hematologic patients with
    invasive aspergillosis the galactomannan test can
    make the diagnosis in a noninvasive way.

4
Treatment
  • The drugs amphotericin B, caspofungin,
    flucytosine, itraconazole, voriconazole are used
    to treat this fungal infection. For severe cases
    of invasive aspergillosis a combination therapy
    of voriconazole and caspofungin is suggested as a
    first line treatment.

5
Outbreaks
  • Albeit relatively rare in humans, aspergillosis
    is a common and dangerous infection in birds,
    particularly in pet parrots. Mallards and other
    ducks are particularly susceptible as they will
    often resort to poor food sources during bad
    weather.

6
Case Study
  • To update the case-fatality rate (CFR) associated
    with invasive aspergillosis according to
    underlying conditions, site of infection, and
    antifungal therapy, data were systematically
    reviewed and pooled from clinical trials, cohort
    or case-control studies, and case series of gt/10
    patients with definite or probable aspergillosis.
    Subjects were 1941 patients described in studies
    published after 1995 that provided sufficient
    outcome data cases included were identified by
    MEDLINE and EMBASE searches. The main outcome
    measure was the CFR. Fifty of 222 studies met the
    inclusion criteria. The overall CFR was 58, and
    the CFR was highest for bone marrow transplant
    recipients (86.7) and for patients with central
    nervous system or disseminated aspergillosis
    (88.1). Amphotericin B deoxycholate and lipid
    formulations of amphotericin B failed to prevent
    death in one-half to two-thirds of patients.
    Mortality is high despite improvements in
    diagnosis and despite the advent of newer
    formulations of amphotericin B. Underlying
    patient conditions and the site of infection
    remain important prognostic factors.

7
References
  • Wikipedia.org
  • Google.com
  • Aspergillus - Aspergillus website
  • News article in The Guardian
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