Frames and Walls Lateral Stability - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Frames and Walls Lateral Stability

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Lateral Stability References: ... Wind Force Seismic Force Fluid pressure from water and other liquid Soil against a basement or retaining wall Sand, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Frames and Walls Lateral Stability


1
Frames and WallsLateral Stability
2
  • A beam simply supported by two columns is not
    capable of resisting lateral forces unless it is
    braced.
  • If the joints connecting the columns and beam are
    capable of resisting both forces and moments,
    then the assembly becomes a rigid frame.

3
  • If we fill in the plane defined by two columns
    and a beam, it becomes a loadbearing wall that
    acts as a long, thin column in transmitting
    forces to the ground.

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  • Any opening in a loadbearing wall weakens its
    structural integrity. A lintel or arch must
    support the load above a door or window opening
    and allow the flow around the opening to sections
    of the wall

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Lateral Stability
  • The structural elements of a building must be
    sized, configured, and joined to form a stable
    structure under any possible load conditions.
  • A structural system must be designed to not only
    carry vertical gravity loads, but also withstand
    lateral wind and seismic forces from any
    direction.

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Lateral Forces
  • They are considered to act parallel to the ground
    plane
  • They may occur at many angles other than the
    horizontal

10
Types of Lateral Forces
  • External Lateral Forces
  • Wind Force
  • Seismic Force
  • Fluid pressure from water and other liquid
  • Soil against a basement or retaining wall
  • Sand, grain, coal or wood chips in a storage bin

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  • Wind Load is influenced greatly by local terrain
  • Upon contact with a building, it can produce
    pressure and suction forces on any surface of a
    building and the pressure will tend to balloon
    the building outward.

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  • Seismic Load forces generated by inertia of
    building mass as ground moves below the structure
  • The effect is internal

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  • Flood waters can produce devastating effect and
    can destroy foundations of bridges and buildings

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  • Internal Lateral Force restrained movement
    associated with temperature change
  • If prevented from expanding or contracting, a
    material will undergo internal forces and
    stresses.

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Horizontal Diaphragm
  • A rigid floor structure, acting as a flat, deep
    beam, transfers lateral loads to vertical shear
    walls, braced frames or rigid frames

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  • Rigid Frame a steel or reinforced concrete
    frame with rigid joints capable of resisting
    changes in angular relationships.
  • Shear Wall a wood, concrete, or masonry wall
    capable of resisting changes in shape and
    transferring lateral loads to the ground
    foundation.
  • Braced Frame a timber or steel braced with
    diagonal members.

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Structural Patterns
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References
  • http//arch.umd.edu/Tech/Tech_III/Lectures/Lateral
    _Forces__Framing/Introduction_to_Lateral_Forces.p
    df
  • Building Construction Illustrated
  • Francis DK Ching
  • Fourth Edition
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