Efficient 21st century digital Library Research Within the University of Pittsburgh Using the Pitt Digital Libraries, EndNote,

1
Efficient 21st century digital Library
ResearchWithin the University of
PittsburghUsing the Pitt Digital Libraries,
EndNote, Science Citation Index

• Walter Schneider

1. Reference Pitt Digital Reference Retrieval
2. Endnote Reference Managing
3. Adding Citations to Manuscript From EndNote in
   Word
4. Science Citation Search and importing SCI date to
   EndNote
5. Importing EndNote Libraries
6. Summary Comments

Note these materials are specific to operation
at the University of Pittsburgh.
2
Using the Current Scientific Literature Major
Source of current knowledge

• What are the benefits and problems with
• Google (Google Google Scholar)
• Wikipedia
• Library books
• Text books
• Scientific literature
• What does it mean to be peer reviewed
• Typically 3 experts decide if methods appropriate
  and results substantial and meaningful
• Contrast other sources

3
Literature Search Process

• Challenge
• Searching through 10,000 references to find the
  ten critical ones
• Note that scientific literature is vast
• Example Psych Info Search
• 77,814 Attention
• 41,926 and PYgt1990 (pub year)
• 276 and fMRI or (functional MRI) or
• (functional magnetic resonance imaging)
• 23 and ACC or (Anterior cingulate)

4
Be Realistic About Your Search Effort

• Learn to use key tools
• web catalogue of reviewed scientific literature
  (e.g. Science Citation Index)
• Digital Library http//ug4fn7ck2h.search.serialsso
  lutions.com/
• Reference manager software (Endnote)
• Set up a system that you can keep up
• Be strategic about filtering references
• Remember you need to read materials not just copy
  them
• You need to code information to remember it
• Summaries of the material in your words

5
Modern Tools Help

• Outstanding search tools
• Programs to manage references
• Automatic embedding of references
• Easy access to digital versions of papers
• Dont forget the pre-digital era (pre 1990).

6
Search is a professional career process

• Must cite and use literature
• Need to become world expert on specialized topic
• Must maintain information throughout career

7
Search is an Iterative Process
Literature Search
Select Topic Of Interest
Consult General Sources (Books, review articles,
faculty)
Formal Vocabulary, Main Results
Consult Abstract Index, Academic Indexes, Search
Engines (Psych Info)
Pool Of Specific References Use Reference manager
program Organize and note pdf
Skim/read references Determine which are relevant
and what references are often referenced
Other References of Citing authors
Pool of useful references
Reference to Cited authors
Read carefully for Research information, Code
for retrieval
Check Science Citation Index
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Part 1 Reference Import Pitt WebSPIRS
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Selecting the Data Base
Click rather than checking
10
Select Search Use of AND OR NOT

• Note can make a complex search expression
• use (), and, or, not
• use . to limit search to specific field
• use near for terms that must be near each other
• (fmri or "functional MRI" or "functional magnetic
  resonance imaging").ab

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Combine multiple searches
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Combine searches
13
Display searches
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Get Reference
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Save File Under Search NameRename File in
Meaningful Form
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Exporting Record for Import EndNote

• I recommend AGAINST looking at references in Data
  Base because I can not annotate the search that
  way
• Recommend output from Data Base to reference
  management program

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Output Records For In EndNote
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Example Full Reference
Author
Title
Abstract
Refences
Web Link
19
Copy into work EndNote file
20
Getting All Reference From Author
Use author (AU) and in (institution) and you get
few misses and false alarms. Note you can build
an Endnote database well this way.
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Review Part 1 Reference Pitt WebSPIRS Reference
Retrieval

• You can use library services to search for
  articles
• Use complex search functions to make the search
  more targeted
• You can save PDFs at this time
• Make sure you rename files in useful form
• You can save search history for import to
  reference management software
• Recommend rapid export to reference management
  software

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Part 2 Reference Managing (EndNote, Reference
Manager)
EndNote version 10 bibliographic software is
available to University students at a cost of
5.00. Students can pick up copies of EndNote at
Software Licensing Services, 105 Bellefield Hall
between 830 AM and 500 PM, Monday through
Friday. Students must present a valid student ID.
Cash, personal check, MasterCard and Visa are
accepted for payment.
http//www.refman.com/rmdemo.asp Download a free
trial online.
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Creating an InputWork File

• It is a good practice to do your initial
  importing and processing in a work file and after
  all you changes for the session are done import
  to the final file.
• Recommended .enl files
• InputWork work for that days session
• ProjectFile reference search for a particularly
  project potentially over months.
• PersonalCumulative - reference history merging of
  project files on some basis

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Loading File Into EndNote
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Resulting Imported References
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End Note References, Display, Record
27
Read Abstracts and Highlight

• In EndNote you can use bolding (Ctrl-B) to
  highlight phrases in the abstract.
• This allows a quick method of identifying the
  major points for later reference.
• The highlighting is saved in the EndNote file
  speeding later review.

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Get Full Text Via EndNote

• Double Click reference
• Scroll to URL field
• Click on Science Direct Link

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Get Full Text Via EndNote

• Double Click reference
• Scroll to URL field
• Click on Science Direct Link

• Click on reference retrieval
• Get PDF reference
• Save/Rename PDF file

30
Label Search

• It is important to label the references as you
  import them.
• Suggested labels
• Search date and project identifies context in
  which found
• Relevant/IGNORE allows selection of items
• Note importing references to ignore enables using
  the discard duplicates options to quickly filter
  out references from future searches.
• Priority of the reference to the nature of your
  search
• Keywords that you might later use to retrieve
  the reference

31
Label Search For Search Project

• Take all inserted references and label them
• Use the Change and Move Fields option to update
  all the selected references
• Pick a field to store search selection options
  (e.g., Custom 1) and put in search
  identification.

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Set References To IGNOREBased on Checking Title
and Abstract

• Goal remove from view references that are not of
  interest. Note there are 2 ways to do this
• Delete references This removes references
  reducing the library size but if import reference
  from other searches they may be deleted many
  times
• Label as IGNORE or Relevant allowing later
  searchers to discard duplicate IGNORES or
  Relevants
• Look at the reference titles and abstracts and
  select items for action
• Click to select items to be hidden
• Use the references to hide the selected items
  (do this or often such as each page).

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Label Remaining Records Relevant
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Label Unselected References IGNORE
Select Not Relevant Change Field Custom 1 to
IGNORE
35
Prioritize the References As you read the
Abstract, enter keywords, get PDF
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Enable Display of Fields For Sorting
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Sorting References for Review

• Sort by
• Author
• Priority
• Journal

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Searching ReferencesSimple search And, Or, Not
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Complex Search

• EndNote does NOT support parenthetical complex
  Boolean search terms. They can be created by use
  of multiple searches of the showing references
• Example search
• (DLPFC or (frontal cortex)) and attention
• search data base DLPFC or frontal cortex
• search showing references attention

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Outputting High Priority References

• Search Label gt 5
• Export to spreadsheet, html, or document

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Setting and Using Keywords

• Select the keywords
• Add words to terms list
• Use terms/check red for allowed term

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Importing From Working .enl

• Working on a working bibliography
• Mark the bibliography
• Import using EndNote import, remove duplicates

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Review Part 2 Reference Managing

• Remember you are building references for the
  extensive library research
• Get some reference management software (e.g.
  Endnote for 5).
• Set up reference to import WebSPIRS Files
• Work on working library, not full library
• Label records as to the search
• Highlight abstract/add keywords notes
• Save PDFs as needed if want to check

44
Part 3 Adding Citations to Manuscripts From
EndNote in Word
Note this assumes EndNote was installed on the
machine and added the EndNote menu options to
Word.
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Word Processing Set the Format
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Insert a Reference
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Resulting Reference Citation
After second reference is Inserted.
Note you can copy the references to the proper
place in the manuscript.
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Review Part 3 Adding Citations to Manuscripts

• Use Endnote to find and insert references
• Try not to type references but rather import them
  as much as possible
• Do NOT alter citation fields on references
• Select reference type.

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Part 4 Science Citation Search
http//isi4.isiknowledge.com/portal.cgi?DestAppWO
SFuncFrame
Note the works from computers on the pitt.edu
network
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Part 4. Science Citation Search
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Choosing a Citation Search
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Specify Target Reference
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Identify Cited Reference
Note potential of miss typed references
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Check Ref, Select Citations
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Export Citations to EndNote
Note You can only export 500 records at a time.
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Generating Records
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Save As .enl File

• Append file to EndNote Library
• Note pre-generate in EndNote a work file this
  adds the references to an .enl file.

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See Added References
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Label References As Citing Target

• Label both the type of search and citation

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Get PDF through Clicks
61
Import Working References to the Main Search
Library

• In EndNote Close the InputWork file with the
  file menu
• Open the main Reference file
• Import the InputWork File

Cautions Make backups (e.g., Search 0.01,
0.02), semester backups Label each search so it
can be identified Import to cumulative
directories only after search complete
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Review Part 4 Science Citation Search

• Do search on key references
• Use EndNote to remove duplicates
• Label the search source
• Make notes on references as to priority, edit
  keywords and notes
• Get PDFs as needed
• Rename PDF files to make meaningful
• Back up pfd and library files and merge into
  cumulative reference system

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Part 5 Additional Miscellaneous Items

• Using reference journal scanning services
• Annotation of PDF files
• Adding figures to EndNote
• Getting PDFs from Science Citation Index
  references
• Making Directory Backups
• Web links

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Automatic Journal Scanning Services

• Use Science Alerts to scan articles
• Search alerts search abstracts/title keywords for
  match
• Volume/Issue alerts send table of contents
• Citation alerts - papers citing a paper
• Sign on to scanning services (no cost) via pitt
  digital library services Link to find the
  journals and sign on aggregator services through
  Pitt E-Journals http//ug4fn7ck2h.search.serialsso
  lutions.com/

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Setting Up an Alert

• Do searches to set up search masks
• Set the alert search terms
• Save the Search Alert
• Name Alert

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Example Alert

• Get periodic email
• Click on link to sign on
• Get list of alerts, click on alert get PDF

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Setting Up Volume Alerts

• Sign up for volume alert
• Select journals
• Set Alerts to send table of contents

68
Getting Volume Alerts

• Sign up for volume alert
• Select journals
• Get Alerts with table of contents and abstracts

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Use the Paid Adobe Acrobat

• You can use Acrobat to make digital notes on your
  document.
• Highlighting, underlining, strike out
• Notes, boxes, lines, circles
• Stamps for specific functions
• Remember to save the file after editing

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Adding a Figure to EndNote Record

• EndNote allows adding a figure to a paper. Note
  this increases the size of the file considerably.
  Unfortunately only one figure per reference (in
  version 6).

• Select image (e.g., in Acrobat)
• Select Reference type that displays image (e.g.,
  figure)
• Either paste image into image field or use
  Reference/Insert Image Menu option

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Getting PDF from SCI in Endnote
Note need to be on Pitt Network
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Directory Backup Options

• Make a directory tree that is comprehensive and
  easy to backup
• Suggestion on My Documents or on a server (that
  it is backed up)
• Literature Search
• Work (temporary work areas)
• Archives
• Cumulative Reference File
• Project Files
• Make sure your reference system is backed up and
  periodically stored off site. Keep several
  versions (e.g., monthly backups, until semester)
  Semester backups, 3 years of back ups

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Importing Other Reference Libraries

• When you import references from other sources
  (e.g., a review that a colleague has done)
• Identify the source and year for later work
• Decide what to do about duplicates (either
  discard or put in duplicates folder)

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Organize Paper Libraries

• If you are printing/copying papers come up with a
  scheme to store them.
• Project files first author/date
• Migrate files to full file after project no
  longer active
• Full Alphabetical first author/date

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WebLinks of Interest

• This talk http//schneider.lrdc.pitt.edu - for
  details see Powerpoint slides http//schneider.lr
  dc.pitt.edu/Talks/DigitalLibrary.htm
• University of Pittsburgh WebSPIRS
  http//www.library.pitt.edu/articles/database_info
  /psycinfo.html
• Science Citation Index http//isi4.newisiknowledge
  .com/portal.cgi?DestAppWOSFuncFrame
• Endnote http//www.endnote.com
• University of Pittsburgh Software Distribution
  http//www.technology.pitt.edu/software/index.html
  
• Library coordinator Marian Hampton 4-7770
  hamptonm_at_pitt.edu

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Summary

• Use Pitt WebSPIRS to get references from
  databases
• Download records into Endnote into Working
  Library
• Label Records for search and as Relevant or
  IGNORE
• Examine/Save pdf full text versions
• Do Citation searches and add to references
• Insert references into documents
• Move working libraries into project and
  cumulative reference libraries

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H1 Library Homework Assignment

• Assignment H1 Library Homework Assignment
• In the homework you will use Science Citation
  Index and Endnote to find citations of a paper,
  all the papers by the author, create an Endnote
  library, and an ABA style library. Due midnight
  9/12/07 (points off for being late) sent to
  brainsystems2007_at_gmail.com
• It is strongly recommended that students get a
  copy of EndNote (version 10) EndNote version 10
  bibliographic software is available to University
  students at a cost of 5.00.Students can pick up
  copies of EndNote at Software Licensing Services,
  105 Bellefield Hall between 830 AM and 500 PM,
  Monday through Friday. Students must present a
  valid student ID. Cash, personal check,
  MasterCard and Visa are accepted for payment. In
  addition students will download software from the
  web during the course. Do screen grabs to insert
  information (e.g., Alt-Print Screen Windows or
  Grab utility on the MAC).
• Template
• Name ?? Email??
• Assignment H1 Library Homework Assignment
• Identify reference published between 1991-2004
  (note I used Mishkin as a sample)
• Find reference in Science Citation Index report
  number of citations, copy line from text
• Report if other papers appear by the author in
  similar time period get title of reference and
  indicate relevance
• Retrieve references of cited paper and top of
  page of cited reference
• State name of cited file you would save the pdf
  of
• Get all the papers by the author from SCI
  Output of number of references and most recent
• Export references to EndNote show end note list
  (make sure get abstract and URL link. Show
  screen grab of the listing sorted by date
• Read and highlight the abstracts of the 5 most
  recent papers rate them for similarity to the
  starting paper on a 3 point scale 1-not relevant,
  2- somewhat relevant, 3 right on the same
  content, ener the priority in the label field,
  and show the list in priority ranked order.
• Create a short bibliography in APA style of the
  three most recent papers using Endnote (Be
  careful to remove the field codes in endnote from
  the document )