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Fire Safety

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Title: Fire Safety


1
Fire Safety
2
Course Objectives
  • Upon completion of this unit, you will be able
    to
  • Remember the acronym RACE to use in case of a
    fire.
  • Remember the acronym PASS when using a fire
    extinguisher.
  • Differentiate between the different classes of
    fire.

3
Course Objectives, cont.
  • Understand when and how to activate the services
    of the fire department.
  • Keep areas in the home and workplace free of
    hazards.
  • Locate fire alarms and exits in non-familiar
    locations.
  • Evacuate homes and buildings safely.

4
Module One
  • Motivation to Teach Fire Safety

5
  • As you learn about fire safety, teach what you
    learn to others--particularly young children!

6
Fire in the United States
  • How many fire related deaths do you think we have
    in the U.S. annually?
  • Which nation do you think is the highest in fire
    deaths and incidents among the industrialized
    nations of the world?

7
Fire in the United States
  • 4,000 - 6,000 fire related deaths annually
  • U.S. is still the highest in fire deaths and
    incidents among the industrialized nations of the
    world

8
  • What do you think is the leading cause of fires
    in Georgia?
  • What do you think is the leading cause fire
    deaths in the Southeast and Georgia?

9
1 Cause of Fire in Georgia
  • Kitchen Firesleading cause of fires
  • Alternative heating is the primary cause of fire
    deaths in the Southeast and Georgia

10
80 of fire deaths occur in homes without
operational fire detectors.
Do you have at least one detector on every level
of your home? Assignment tonight check it out!
11
Check the batteries in your smoke detectors twice
a year.
Suggestion when you change the clocks in the
spring and fall, change your batteries!
12
Module Two
  • Fire Chemistry

13
Oxygen
Heat
Fuel
Fire Triangle
14
Classes of Fires
  • A ordinary combustibles such as paper,
    wood, plastics, cloth
  • B flammable liquids, greases, and gases
  • C energized electrical equipment
  • D metals such as magnesium, titanium,
    sodium, etc.

15
Mechanical
Electrical
Solar
Chemical
Sources of Heat Energy
16
Methods of Heat Transfer
  • Conduction heat is transferred directly from one
    object to another
  • Convection movement of a liquid or gas transfers
    the heat
  • Radiation a form of heat travelling across a
    space or through materials as electromagnetic
    waves

17
Module Three
  • Safety Features

18
Smoke Detectors and Alarms
  • Offer the earliest warning of fire
  • A working smoke alarm doubles a persons chance
    of surviving and escaping a fire

19
Smoke Detectors and Alarms
  • Test smoke alarms monthly (push the little button
    and you should hear a chirpcheck it out
    tonight!)
  • And did I mention? Change the batteries twice a
    year, when the clock changes for daylight savings!

20
Carbon Monoxide Detectors
  • Alert occupants to dangerous levels of carbon
    monoxide.
  • They do not detect smoke and so should not be
    used instead of smoke detectors.
  • Does your home have both?

21
Sprinkler Systems
  • Activated by heat and contain fire where
    sprinkler heads are located.
  • Must still evacuate building if smoke alarm
    alerts, even if sprinkler system does not
    activatefire could be in walls, ceiling, or
    attic.

22
Fire Extinguishers
  • Place them in a readily accessible location.
  • Dont store them next to the stove.duh!

23
Fire Extinguishers PASS
  • PULL the locking pin from the handle
  • AIM the nozzle at the base of the flames
  • SQUEEZE the handle
  • SWEEP the extinguisher from side to side

24
Module Four
  • Building Evacuation

25
RACE
  • Rescue anyone in immediate danger.
  • Activate the alarm.
  • Confine the fire (Close windows and doors if safe
    to do so. Shut off electrical equipment and
    oxygen if your safety is not endangered).
  • Extinguish the fire if the fire is small and
    contained.

26
Your safety comes FIRST!
  • Do NOT risk your life to put out a fire. Thats
    what the FIRE DEPARTMENT is for!
  • Evacuate if you are even a little bit uncertain!
  • Stuff can be replaced. You cant.

27
Fire Escape Plan
  • Must have a clear, unobstructed means of exiting
    the building to a safe meeting place outside the
    facility.
  • Assist those who need help to exit the building.

28
Fire Escape Plan
  • Need to have two ways out in case one is blocked
    by fire or structural damage.
  • If exiting into a fenced area, there must be a
    means of exit from the fence.

29
Home Escape Plan
  • Know two ways out of every room.
  • Sleep with bedroom doors closed.
  • Have smoke alarms and fire escape ladders.
  • Set a meeting place away for all family members
    to gather.

30
What are your exits?
  • Picture the room where you sleep.
  • Where are your two exits?
  • Could you get out in the pitch black?
  • Remember, you cant see in a fire!

31
Family Meeting Place
  • Your family should have a meeting place
    outside, away from the house to meet in case of
    evacuation.
  • A good place might be the mailbox or a neighbors
    front porch--assuming you know the neighbor! ?
  • WHY???

32
Family Meeting Place
  • Having a family meeting place lets everyone know
    that the whole family has made it outside safely.
  • Otherwise, someone might go back in looking for a
    family member who is already safely in the back
    yard!
  • A meeting place saves lives!

33
Family Meeting Place
  • Remember to tell family overnight guests where
    the meeting place is.
  • Arrange a meeting place when youre away on
    vacation, as well.

34
Family/Home Evacuation Drills
  • Vary the time of the drills.
  • Hold announced and unannounced drills.
  • When you stay in a hotel, locate the fire alarms
    and exits when you check into your room. Count
    the number of doors between your hotel room door
    and the stairwell door.

35
Fun Fact!
  • When staying a hotel, you might want to request a
    room below the ninth floor.
  • Why????

The aerial ladder on the fire truck wont reach
above the ninth floor!
36
During what time of day do you think most fatal
fires occur, and why?
Most fatal fires occur between 8 pm - 8 am. This
is when people are sleeping.
37
When in a situation with many people, ONE person
should be designated as the liaison to
communicate with emergency responders on the
scene. This will help reduce conflicting
information.
38
Building Evacuation
  • Now its time to practice!

39
Module Five
  • Burn Prevention and Treatment

40
Burns
  • Burns are the most traumatic injury the body can
    sustain.
  • Infection and shock are the two major concerns
    with burn injuries.

41
Burns
  • 12,000 people die each year in the U.S. from burn
    injuries.
  • 1,100 are children.
  • What do you think are the 1 cause of burns to
    children?

42
Burns
  • Scalds are the 1 cause of burns to children.
  • Put pots on the back burner and turn handles
    inward.
  • Dont let children reach hot liquids or be in
    bathroom unattended!

43
Types of Burns
  • Thermal hot liquid or surface touches skin. Ex
    scalds.
  • Chemical a chemical substance touches skin. Ex
    acid or bleach.
  • Electrical electricity comes in contact with
    skin.

44
Preventing Burns
  • Keep electrical cords out of reach and outlets
    covered.
  • Keep matches and lighters away from children and
    teach them that these are tools for adults only.

45
  • Call 911 immediately if the burn
  • is due to chemicals or electricity.
  • covers a significant area of the body.
  • is to the face.

46
Treating 1st and 2nd Degree Burns
First Degree
Second Degree
Third Degree
47
Treating 3 burns
  • Always call 911 for any 3 burn!
  • Cool with sterile water and cover with dry,
    sterile dressings.
  • Treat for shock by having the victim lie down
    with the feet elevated.

48
What NOT to do for burns
  • Dont use mayonnaise, butter, or ice!
  • Dont put it in your mouth!
  • Never pop blisters--infection is a major concern!
  • Dont use burn gel on 3 burns!

49
What NOT to do for burns
  • Dont remove clothing or jewelry that is
    stuck to the burned area!
  • Dont touch the burn with anything other than
    a clean covering!

50
Module Six
  • Youthful Fire Setting

51
Child Fire Play
  • Typically performed by children 18 months old 6
    years old who do not understand the consequence
    of their actions.
  • Children are setting more than 100,000 fires each
    year in the United States.

52
Child Fire Play
  • Child fire play is the leading cause of death in
    residential fires for preschool age children.
  • Curiosity is the motivating factor.

53
Juvenile Fire Setting
  • Typically children ages 7 18.
  • Fire setting in this category accounts for 40 of
    all fires started by children and 50 of arson
    arrests.

54
Warning Signs
  • Poor relationships with other children.
  • Frequent negative behaviors such as
    impulsiveness, stealing, showing off.

55
Warning Signs
  • Disruptive parental or home situations.
  • Low self esteem limited participation in
    activities.

56
Module Seven
  • Teaching Fire Safety to Children

57
Teaching Fire Safety to Children
  • Adjust an adult vocabulary to meet the level of
    the preschool child.
  • Use simple and basic language.
  • Keep messages simple and brief, such as Stop,
    Drop, and Roll!

58
What every child should learn
  • Dial 911 in an emergency only.
  • Home address and phone number.
  • Stay on the line with 911 dispatcher until help
    arrives.

59
Teaching 911 skills
  • Teach 9-1-1, not nine-eleven. Children may
    look for the eleven button on the phone.
  • Children ages 3-5 tend to dial 9-9-1 -- have
    them practice on a play phone.
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