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THE FINNISH CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION; STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL AND SITUATION AWARENESS

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Title: THE FINNISH CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION; STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL AND SITUATION AWARENESS


1
THE FINNISH CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL AND SITUATION
AWARENESS
  • DIRECTOR OF GOVERNMENT SECURITY TIMO HÄRKÖNEN

2
(No Transcript)
3
A Question of Language
  • SAFETY TURVALLISUUS in Finnish
  • SECURITY TURVALLISUUS in Finnish

4
BROAD SECURITY CONCEPT
Government Programme
The Concept of Total Defence
A safer community
5
HIERARCHY OF THREATS AND RISKS
Global
Threats and phenomena which can primarily be
affected by cooperation among states
The security of the future of theEarth and its
population
National
Threats which primarily focus on the state,
society and the people
GOVERNMENTS REPORT ON THE FINNISH SECURITY AND
DEFENCE POLICY
The security of the state,the society and the
population
The individual
Threats which primarily affect the individual
The citizensbasic security
STRATEGY FOR SECURING THE FUNCTIONS VITAL TO
SOCIETY
THE INTERNAL SECURITY PROGRAMME
6
HIERARCHY OF THREATS AND RISKS
International community
Insufficiency of natural resources
Contamination
Desertification
Over- population
Society
Ethnic crisis
A disturbance in the electricity grid
International terrorism
Threats linked to migratory flows
International organized crime
A serious disturbance affecting health and income
security of the population
Environmental threats
Terrorism as well as organized and other serious
crime
The individual
Major accidents and natural disasters
Atmospheric warming
Political, economic and military pressure
Proliferation of weapons of mass destruction
A serious disturbance in the functioning of the
economy
Marginalization
Smoking
Alcoholism
The use of military force
Falling incidents
Accidents
Insecurity
Violent crime
The model is strongly simplified, there are also
plenty of interdependences between layers
7
THE CONCEPT OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT
Threats and Risks
Resources at disposal
Resources within administration
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?????
Terrorism
Information network malfunction
Securing functions VitaL To society
?????
Pandemic diseases
Business community
Illegal immigration
Disturbance in economy
?????
Use of military power
Environmental threats
?????
Extreme weather phenomenon
NGOs and citizens
Pressure
Major accident
EU and interna-tional resources
COOPERATION AND COORDINATION
Coordination of resources deployment
Monitoring of security environment
Assessing of consequences
Reviewing of capability building
Coordination of preparations
8
ACTORS AND PARTNERS OF THE BROAD SECURITY AND
THEIR ROLES
Foreign Domestic
Public Private Partnership
Ad-ministration (authorities)
Economic life (companies)
People (NGO)
Products and services
Legislative responsibility
Needs of Security
The significance of the companies in securing the
functions vital to society is growing
9
Current Finnish Security of Supply PPP
organisation
Min. of Trade and Industry
National Board of Economic Defence
NESA
Central Section
Sector for energy supply
Sector for food supply
Sector for transport and logistics
Sector for the information society
Sector for health services
  • Agri- and aqua-
  • culture Pool
  • Foodstuffs
  • Industry Pool
  • Retail and
  • Distribution Pool
  • Electronics Industry
  • Pool
  • Printing Industry
  • Pool
  • Communications
  • Networks Pool
  • Information
  • Technology Pool
  • Mass Communi-
  • cations Pool
  • Regional Pool
  • Air Transport
  • Pool
  • Surface
  • Transport Pool
  • - regional
  • commissions
  • Maritime
  • Transport Pool
  • Public Health
  • Pool
  • Water and
  • Sanitation Pool
  • Power and
  • District Heat
  • Pool
  • Oil Pool

? Chemical Industry Pool ? Metal Industry Pool
? Forest Industry Pool ? Construction pool ?
Plastic and Rubber Industry Pool ? Textile
Industry Pool ? Finance Pool ? Insurance Pool
- regional commissions
Critical actors, c 2000
10
The Strategy for Securing the Functions Vital to
Society
11
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RESOLUTION
  • Seven vital functions
  • desired end state
  • 50 strategic tasks for ministries
  • development needs
  • emphasizes on development
  • Nine threat scenarios
  • 61 special situation
  • State crisis management model
  • Monitoring mechanism

Resolution
Ministry
Ministry
Ministry
Guidance/Legislation
Subordinate administration, Correlated business
communities, NGOs and citizens
12
Government Resolution 23.11.2006
  • The Strategy for Securing the Functions Vital to
    Society (Government Resolution 23.11.2006)
  • The state crisis management model
  • The role of maintaining situation awareness

13
Security Situations and Threat models SSFV 2003,
SSFV 2006
Disruptive Situations
Normal Conditions
State of Emergency
TSCHERNOBYL (ESTONIA) TSUNAMI AVIAN FLU PANDEMIC
TERRORISM (LONDON) (HURRICANE KATRINA) (WEATHER
DISTURBANCES)
A Serious Disturbance in the Functioning of
Economy
International Political Crisis
Organized Crime and Terrorism
Major Accidents
Territorial violations
Use of Military Force
14
Basis of Crisis Management
Early Warning Rapid Response Sufficient
Resources Sufficient Communication Compare Democ
ratic State Bureaucracy Compare Military
Administration Military Command Compare Powers
of Competent Authorities
CONCEALING DOWNPLAYING
BUREAUCRACY TURF WAR
Source adapting Steven Fink
15
STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL
GGo
Government Plenary Session or Negotiation
Preparatory handling
Cabinet Committee on Foreign and Security Policy
Support
Meeting of Permanent Secretaries
Support
Meeting of heads of Preparedness
Launches the response Alarm and inform
Authority empowered by law
16
Examples of Special Situations
Security situation
Normal situations
Disturbances
Exceptional conditions
Destruction of a vital target
Large nuclear accident
Blocking of merchant shipping in the Baltic
Serious disturbance in commun. network
Dangerous infectious disease
Large-scale flood
Terrorist strike
N.B. In exceptional conditions additional authorit
y is always provided to named authorities and
specified in regard to to time and region.
A special situation means a surprising or sudden
threat or event that may endanger the citizens
security or the vital functions of society. In
managing this situation measures have been taken
to use leadership models, communications,
authorizations or resources defined by state
crisis management model.
17
STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL
GGo
Government Plenary Session or Negotiation
Preparatory handling
Cabinet Committee on Foreign and Security Policy
Support
Meeting of Permanent Secretaries
Support
Meeting of heads of Preparedness
Launched the response Alarm and inform
Competent Ministry Competent Authority
Authority empowered by law
18
STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL
GGo
Government Plenary Session or Negotiation
Preparatory handling
Cabinet Committee on Foreign and Security Policy
Support
Meeting of Permanent Secretaries
Government Situation Centre
Support
Meeting of heads of Preparedness
Launches the response Alarm and inform
Competent Ministry Competent Authority
Authority empowered by law
19
STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL
GGo
Government Plenary Session or Negotiation
Preparatory handling
Cabinet Committee on Foreign and Security Policy
Support
Meeting of Permanent Secretaries
Government Situation/Crisis Management Centre
Support
First coordination body Chaired by Dir of Govn
Security
Meeting of heads of Preparedness
Launches the response Alarm and inform
Authority empowered by law
20
STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL
GGo
Government Plenary Session or Negotiation
Preparatory handling
Cabinet Committee on Foreign and Security Policy
Coordination body Chaired by State Sec
Support
Meeting of Permanent Secretaries
Government Situation/Crisis Management Centre
Support
Meeting of heads of Preparedness
Launches the response Alarm and inform
Authority empowered by law
21
STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL
GGo
Government Plenary Session or Negotiation
Preparatory handling
Cabinet Committee on Foreign and Security Policy
Support
Meeting of Permanent Secretaries
Government Crisis Management Centre
Support
Meeting of heads of Preparedness
Launched the response Alarm and inform
Authority empowered by law
22
STATE CRISIS MANAGEMENT MODEL
GGo
Government Plenary Session or Negotiation
Formal decisions
Preparatory handling
Cabinet Committee on Foreign and Security Policy
Support
Government Crisis Management Centre
Meeting of Permanent Secretaries
Support
Meeting of heads of Preparedness
Launches the response Alarm and inform
Authority empowered by law
23
Role of the Prime Ministers Office
  • The Director of Government Security chairs the
    meeting of the heads of preparedness and the
    State Secretary at the Prime Ministers Office
    chairs the meeting of permanent secretaries
    (depending on the case, the vice chair is from
    the competent ministry)
  • The Prime Ministers Office provides support in
    matters relating to the situation picture,
    premises and communications.
  • Meetings are to coordinate measures among the
    ministries in any security situation.
    Coordination of duties in emergencies is required
    to ensure the smooth functioning of authorities
    activities.
  • Government-level decisions are made in a plenary
    session of the Government.

24
Meeting of the heads of preparedness
  • In special situations, the meeting of the heads
    of preparedness acts a cooperative body of the
    ministries.
  • In this capacity the meeting
  • updates the joint situation picture
  • presents how each administrative sector can
    support the competent ministry, coordinating
    these efforts where required and
  • prepares matters required to manage the situation
    for consideration by the meeting of permanent
    secretaries.

25
Meeting of the heads of preparedness
  • The meeting of the heads of preparedness is
    chaired by the Director of Government Security.
    The State Secretary at the Prime Ministers
    Office is the chairs immediate operational
    supervisor at the Prime Ministers Office.
  • In special situations, the meeting can be chaired
    by the head of preparedness at the ministry whose
    responsibilities are most relevant to management
    of the situation (the competent ministry).

26
Meeting of the heads of preparedness
  • The meeting of the heads of preparedness may
    invite permanent experts.
  • Representatives of non-governmental
    organizations, the business community, and
    relevant authorities may also participate in the
    meetings as specially invited experts.

27
Government Crisis Management Centre
Crisis Management
Situation Centre Alarm Situation
Awareness Analysis (POC CCA, CESIS)
Communication Centre Media Centre
(Partners)
Administration Preparation, Implementation
OPERATIONAL LEVEL OF MINISTRIES
28
Generating a situation picture
  • Government efforts in generating a situation
    picture are geared to ensuring - around the clock
    in all conditions - that the state leadership
    remains fully informed and the situation picture
    is kept current.
  • Compiling a situation picture means providing
    both a prognostic and a real-time picture of the
    security situation, coordination of which is the
    responsibility of the Prime Ministers Office.

29
Situation Awareness Network
Emerg.Agency
Police
Border G.
MOJ
MOI,SAR
MOI,Pol
MFA
MoD
Government
DefStaff op
Gov control room
MOT
BoF
MoE
Coordination
MOED
FEnv.C
MOL
MINTC
MAF
MSAH
MTI
RoadA
CERT
Sea
Air
30
Reporting
Ministries
Situation Centre or Situation Room of the
Ministry
Agencies, Departments, Military Commands, etc.

Prime Minister, Cabinet Committee on Foreign and
Security Policy (CCFSP)
National Coordinator
Situation Centre or Situation Room of the
Ministry
State Provincial Offices
Analyzes, Assessments
Local sector
Situation Centre or Situation Room of the
Ministry
Real-time situation picture
Universities, institutes
Situation Centre or Situation Room of the
Ministry
Event reports, Open sources
31
Prognostic situation picture
  • The Prime Ministers Office works closely with
    the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of
    the Interior, and the Ministry of Defence to
    compile a prognostic picture of the security
    situation.
  • This work is led by the secretary of state at the
    Prime Ministers Office in cooperation with the
    permanent secretaries of the three ministries.
  • The situation picture reports are distributed to
    the minister members of the Cabinet Committee on
    Foreign and Security Policy (CCFSP).

32
Real-time situation picture
  • The Government Situation Centre is staffed around
    the clock.
  • The different administrative sectors have a duty
    to report abnormal events and situations, such as
    major accidents, to the Situation Centre.
  • The Situation Centre follows world news events
    extensively.
  • The Situation Centre forwards information on
    events to the state leadership where necessary.

33
Event report
  • An event report must be made to the Government
    Situation Centre at the Prime Ministers Office
    in the case of
  • a significant threat to the security of citizens
  • events attracting public interest
  • events threatening the functionality of the
    Government and possibly requiring actions by the
    state leadership ( special situation)
  • An event report may also consist of information
    noticed in the media.

34
Duty arrangements
  • Duty officer 24 h (from Security Police)
  • Situation Awareness Coordinator and his deputy
    from Prime Ministers Office
  • Prime Ministers Office (state secretary or
    deputy)
  • State leadership
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