Historic Supreme Court Cases

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Historic Supreme Court Cases

• Review

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• 1. Slaves could not sue in federal courts because
  they were considered property and not citizens.
  Congress could not force new states to be slave
  or free states it was a reserved power.
• Constitutional Issue Reserved powers

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• 2. Freedom of Speech could be limited during
  times of war if it presented a clear and present
  danger to the country.
• Constitutional Issue 1st amendment freedom of
  speech

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• 3. Outlawed prayer in public schools because they
  violated the establishment clause.
• Constitutional Issue 1st amendment freedom of
  religion

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• 4. School attendance laws violated freedom of
  religion by forcing Amish citizens to learn
  against their wills.
• Constitutional Issue 1st amendment freedom of
  religion

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• 5. The death penalty is constitutional if it is
  used for a crime that fits the penalty and
  factors other than race should be used.
• Constitutional Issue 8th amendment cruel and
  unusual punishment.

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• 6. The death penalty is unconstitutional if it
  can not be proven that factors other than race
  were used.
• Constitutional Issue 8th amendment cruel and
  unusual punishment

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• 7. This case ruled that the judicial branch had
  the power to review a law to see if it was
  constitutional (judicial review)
• The constitutional issue Judicial Review

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• 8. Affirmative Action is constitutional for
  college admissions as long as race is not the
  only factor used for admission
• Constitutional Issue 14th amendment equal
  protection of the law

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• 9. Law officials must notify accused persons of
  their rights when they are taken into custody.
• Constitutional Issue 5th amendment
  self-incrimination.

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• 10. Declared that state laws requiring the
  separation of races was constitutional as long as
  the states provided separate but equal
  facilities.
• Constitutional Issue Reserved Powers

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• 11. Evidence obtained by law officials in good
  faith is still admissible (usable) in court even
  if a search warrant shouldnt have been issued.
• Constitutional Issue 4th amendment searches
  and seizures

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• 12. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and therefore
  outlawed segregation in public schools.
• Constitutional Issue 14th amendment equal
  protection of the laws.

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• 13. State governments can not tax an agency of
  the federal government and the national bank is
  constitutional.
• Constitutional Issue Supremacy Clause

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• 14. School officials only have to have
  reasonable cause to search students suspected
  of crimes on school grounds and do not need a
  search warrant to do so.
• Constitutional Issue 4th amendment searches and
  seizures

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• 15. Students rights to freedom of speech can not
  be limited when they do not disrupt the learning
  process in schools.
• Constitutional Issue 1st amendment freedom of
  expression

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• 16. States can not regulate interstate trade
  because it is a power given to the federal
  government by the Constitution.
• Constitutional Issue Expressed powers, Supremacy
  Clause

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• 17. Flag burning was constitutionally protected
  as a means of free expression.
• Constitutional Issue 1st amendment freedom of
  expression.

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• 18. Freedom of assembly could not be dismissed as
  disturbing the peace in order to break-up a
  protest.
• 1st amendment freedom of assembly.

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• 19.States did not have to provide an attorney in
  criminal cases unless the accused person was on
  trial for a capital crime or there were special
  circumstances, such as illiteracy.
• Constitutional Issue 6th amendment, right to an
  attorney

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• 20. Freedom of religion was constitutionally
  protected, but religious practices could not
  break the law.
• Constitutional Issue 1st amendment freedom of
  religion.

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• 21. The government can not limit freedom of the
  press for information that was given to
  newspapers voluntarily, if it does not violate
  national security.
• Constitutional Issue 1st amendment freedom of
  press

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• 22. The government could limit the freedom of
  citizens during times of war. Therefore the
  prison camps for Japanese Americans did not
  violate the Constitution.
• Constitutional Issue 5th and 6th amendments
  Expressed powers

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• 23. State laws barring abortion are
  unconstitutional that ban abortions prior to the
  time that the baby can live without the mother.
• Constitutional Issue 9th amendment right to
  privacy.

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• 24. States must follow the fourth amendment when
  gathering evidence and upheld the exclusionary
  rule, that evidence obtained illegally is not
  admissible in court.
• Constitutional Issue 4th amendment searches and
  seizures

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• 25. The president can not use executive
  privilege to protect himself, but only for
  matters that affect national security.
• Constitutional Issue Checks and Balances

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• 26. Law officials not only had to have a search
  warrant to enter a home, but evidence obtained
  without a warrant was inadmissible in court, the
  exclusionary rule
• Constitutional Issue 4th amendment exclusionary
  rule.

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• 27. States must provide an attorney in all
  criminal cases even if the accused can not afford
  one.
• Constitutional Issue 6th amendment right to an
  attorney.

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• 28. Schools do not violate the first amendment by
  controlling the content of school newspapers.
• 1st amendment freedom of the press

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• 29. Students freedom of speech can be limited at
  school if it causes a disruption and when needed.
• Constitutional Issue 1st amendment freedom of
  speech

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1. Dred Scott vs. Sanford (1857)
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2. Schenk v. United States (1919)
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3. Engel v. Vitale (1962)
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4. Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)

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5. Gregg v. Georgia (1976)
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6. Furman v. Georgia (1972)
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7. Marbury v. Madison (1803)
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8. Univ. of California v. Bakke (1978)
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9. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
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10. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
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11. U.S. v. Leon (1984)
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12. Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
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13. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
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14. New Jersey v. TLO (1985)
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15. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
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16. Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
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17. Texas v. Johnson (1989)
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18. Gregory v. Chicago (1969)
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19. Betts v. Brady (1942)
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20. Reynolds v. U.S. (1879)
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21. NY Times v. U.S. (1971)
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22. Korematsu v. U.S. (1944)
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23. Roe v. Wade (1973)
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24. Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
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25. U.S. v. Nixon (1974)
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26. Weeks v. United States (1914)
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27. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
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28. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)
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29. Bethel v. Fraser (1986)
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