Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions
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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Animal Domestications

• Asia
• Water Buffalo
• Buffalo
• Pigs

• Middle East
• Sheep
• Goats

• Americas
• Llamas

• Africa
• Wild Cattle

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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Animal Domestications

• Tendencies
• Agriculturalists tended to domesticate animals
  that flocked toward farms these animals
  replaced the need to hunt domesticated animals
  provided milk, meat, energy, and hides.

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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Animal Domestications

• Tendencies
• If there were no practical animals to domesticate
  (Americas), hunting and foraging remained a
  vital part of survival.

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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Animal Domestications

• Tendencies
• If there was a shortage of food for livestock
  (Desert geographies) people tended to practice
  pastoralism, and migrated to feed their animals.

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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Social Changes

1. People live in small towns and villages
2. Less movement and migration
3. Formation of common cultural beliefs
4. Less free time
5. Craft specializations
6. More interdependency
7. Spread of disease

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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Demographic Changes

• Population increases dramatically food
  surpluses stabilize communities
• 7500 increase during the core of the Neolithic
  time period!

Date Population
10,000 BCE 1,000,000
5,000 BCE 10,000,000
2,000 BCE 27,000,000
1,000 BCE 75,000,000
0 CE 200,000,000
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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Impacts on Gender Relationships

• POSITIVES FOR WOMEN
• Knowledge on what grows best required
  (foundations in gathering)
• Communities organized around kinship and marriage
  (matrilineal)
• Symbols of fertility rise of female deities

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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Impacts on Gender Relationships

• NEGATIVES FOR WOMEN
• Farming becomes role of males physically
  demanding
• Become charged with domestic activities
• Have children more frequently dont have to
  carry children on migrations anymore
• Less opportunities to gain skills outside of the
  domestic sphere

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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Ancient Cities Catal Huyuk (Anatolia)

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Neolithic Agricultural Revolutions

• Ancient Cities Jericho (Syria)