Federal Aviation Regulations (including accident reporting, TSA security and light sport)

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Federal Aviation Regulations(including accident
reporting, TSA security and light sport)
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Questions

• There is a repetitive AD on your glider (i.e.,
  Schweizer tow hook inspection). What are the PIC
  requirements for this AD?

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61.3 Requirement for certificates, ratings, and
authorizations.

• Q. - A pilot-in-command requires to carry a photo
  ID. How does a 14 year old non-driver comply with
  the photo ID requirement?
• A - Pilot certificate. A person may not act as
  pilot-in-command or in any other capacity as a
  required pilot flight crewmember of a civil
  aircraft of U.S. registry, unless that person
• (2) Has a photo identification that is in that
  person's physical possession or readily
  accessible in the aircraft when exercising the
  privileges of that pilot certificate or
  authorization. The photo identification must be
  a

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61.3 Requirement for certificates, ratings, and
authorizations.

• (i) Valid driver's license issued by a State, the
  District of Columbia, or territory or possession
  of the United States
• (ii) Government identification card issued by the
  Federal government, a State, the District of
  Columbia, or a territory or possession of the
  United States
• (iii) U.S. Armed Forces' identification card
• (iv) Official passport
• (v) Credential that authorizes unescorted access
  to a security identification display area at an
  airport regulated under 49 CFR part 1542 or
• (vi) Other form of identification that the
  Administrator finds acceptable.

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61.31 Type rating requirements, additional
training, and authorization requirements.

• Q - Does a student pilot require an endorsement
  (method of launch endorsement) of ground and
  flight training and proficiency for aerotow to be
  made before solo?
• A - Yes. (j) Additional training required for
  operating a glider. (1) No person may act as
  pilot in command of a glider
• (ii) Using aerotow procedures, unless that
  person has satisfactorily accomplished ground and
  flight training on aerotow procedures and
  operations, and has received an endorsement from
  an authorized instructor who certifies in that
  pilot's logbook that the pilot has been found
  proficient in aerotow procedures and operations

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61.31 Type rating requirements, additional
training, and authorization requirements.

• Q - If you got your glider rating in 1996, and
  want to fly a self-launch glider, do you require
  a self launch method of launch endorsement?
• A - Maybe! (2) The holder of a glider rating
  issued prior to August 4, 1997, is considered to
  be in compliance with the training and logbook
  endorsement requirements of this paragraph for
  the specific operating privilege for which the
  holder is already qualified.
• Q How do you prove that you held/hold such a
  glider rating?

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61.31 Type rating requirements, additional
training, and authorization requirements.

• Q - If you are going to fly a singleplace glider
  with an experimental certificate, do you require
  a method of launch endorsement?
• A - Yes. (k) Exceptions. (2) The rating
  limitations of this section FAR 61.31 do not
  apply to
• (iii) The holder of a pilot certificate when
  operating an aircraft under the authority of
• (B) An experimental certificate, unless the
  operation involves carrying a passenger
• FAR 61.31 (b), (c) and (d) contain rating
  limitations (j) contains additional training
  requirements.

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61.51 Pilot logbooks.

• Q - What details are required to be logged for
  flight training and ground training given by a
  CFIG?
• (a) Training time and aeronautical experience.
  Each person must document and record the
  following time in a manner acceptable to the
  Administrator
• (1) Training and aeronautical experience used to
  meet the requirements for a certificate, rating,
  or flight review of this part.
• (b) Logbook entries. For the purposes of meeting
  the requirements of paragraph (a) of this
  section, each person must enter the following
  information for each flight or lesson logged

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61.51 Pilot logbooks.

• (1) General
• (i) Date.
• (ii) Total flight time or lesson time.
• (iii) Location where the aircraft departed and
  arrived
• (iv) Type and identification of aircraft
• (2) Type of pilot experience or training.
• (iv) Flight and ground training received from an
  authorized instructor.

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61.53 Prohibition on operations during medical
deficiency.

• Q - If you do not have actual knowledge that you
  have a medical condition that would make you
  unfit to operate a glider, is it legal for you to
  operate a glider?
• A - NO! (b) Operations that do not require a
  medical certificate. For operations provided for
  in 61.23(b) of this part operations not
  requiring a medical certificate, a person shall
  not act as pilot in command, or in any other
  capacity as a required pilot flight crewmember,
  while that person knows or has reason to know of
  any medical condition that would make the person
  unable to operate the aircraft in a safe manner.

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61.56 Flight review.

• Q - If you are conducting a flight review using
  the rule that permits 3 glider flights in lieu of
  1 hour of flight training, can one of these
  flights be a simulated rope break at 300 feet?
• A - Yes! (b) Glider pilots may substitute a
  minimum of three instructional flights in a
  glider, each of which includes a flight to
  traffic pattern altitude, in lieu of the 1 hour
  of flight training required in paragraph (a) of
  this section.

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61.56 Flight review.

• Q - A foreign glider pilot who has just received
  issuance of a US private glider pilot certificate
  on the basis of his foreign glider pilot
  certificate under FAR 61.75 i.e. without
  taking a practical test comes to your club
  does he need a flight review before flying as
  pilot-in-command in a club glider?
• A - Yes. (c) Except as provided in paragraphs
  (d), (e), and (g) of this section, no person may
  act as pilot in command of an aircraft unless,
  since the beginning of the 24th calendar month
  before the month in which that pilot acts as
  pilot in command, that person has
• (1) Accomplished a flight review given in an
  aircraft for which that pilot is rated by an
  authorized instructor

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Solo Requirements

• Q - Is the holder of a private airplane rating
  undergoing training for a glider rating require
  to pass a knowledge test before first operating a
  glider in solo flight?
• A - No. 61.87 Solo requirements for student
  pilots
• (a) A student pilot may not operate an aircraft
  in solo flight unless (b) has demonstrated
  satisfactory aeronautical knowledge on a
  knowledge test
• Can the Instructor require this on their own?
  Yes

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STUDENT PILOTEndorsements Required for Solo
FARs 61.31(j) and 61.87(b), (c), (i) and (n)

• Q - What endorsements must a student pilot have
  prior to sole?
• (i) has satisfactorily completed a pre-solo
  written test as required by FAR 61.87(b)
  demonstrating knowledge of the applicable
  sections of FAR Part 61 and Part 91, airspace
  rules and procedures, and the flight
  characteristics and operational limitations for a
  (glider make/model),
• (ii) has reviewed with me all incorrect answers
  given in the written test,

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STUDENT PILOTEndorsements Required for Solo
FARs 61.31(j) and 61.87(b), (c), (i) and (n)

• (iii) has received the instruction required by
  FAR 61.31(j) and FAR 61.87(c) and (i) in that
  glider,
• (iv) has satisfactorily accomplished the ground
  and flight training in aerotow procedures and
  operations and proficiency therein required by
  FAR 61.31(j)(1),
• (v) has demonstrated satisfactory proficiency in
  that glider in the applicable maneuvers and
  procedures included in FAR 61.87(i), and
• (vi) is competent to make solo flights in that
  glider.

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STUDENT PILOTEndorsements Required for Solo
FARs 61.31(j) and 61.87(b), (c), (i) and (n)

• The foregoing solo authorization is given
  provided that each such flight is carried out
• (a) when the surface wind (steady or gusting)
  does not exceed ___ knots ,
• (b) when the surface wind direction is not more
  than ___ degrees off the takeoff runway
  direction, and
• (c) entirely within gliding range of the takeoff
  point.
• This approval is valid for the ___ days
  immediately following the date of this
  endorsement.
• PLUS a glider make/model endorsement on the
  students pilot certificate

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Flight Proficiency and Practical Test FARs
61.39(a) and 61.107

• Q What endorsements are required prior to
  sending a candidate up for their practical test?
• (i) has received the ground and flight training
  in the applicable areas of operation listed in
  FAR 61.107(b),
• (ii) is competent to perform and is proficient in
  each such area of operation to the standard of a
  private pilot glider,
• (iii) has received the required 3 training
  flights in a glider in preparation for a private
  pilot glider practical test within the preceding
  60 days,
• (iv) is prepared for the practical test, and
• (v) has received additional instruction and
  demonstrated satisfactory knowledge in the
  subject areas in which the applicant was shown to
  be deficient in the knowledge test.

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Light-Sport Aircraft Definition FAR 1.1

• Q - Your club has an SZD 50-3 Puchacz 2-place
  training sailplane. Does the Puchacz qualify as a
  light-sport aircraft, which can be operated by
  the holder of a sport pilot certificate with an
  endorsement giving glider privileges?
• A light-sport aircraft is an aircraft that since
  its original certification has (Puchacz in
  parenthesis)
• A max. takeoff weight (if a landplane) of not
  more than 1,320 pounds (1,257 pounds)
• A max. never exceed speed of not more than 120
  knots CAS (116 knots)
• A max. stalling speed of not more than 45 knots
  CAS (39 knots)
• A max. seating capacity of no more than two (2)

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FARs 61.315 Limits of Sport Pilot Certificate

• Q - A Schweizer 1-26 meets the definition of
  light-sports aircraft. Can the holder of a sport
  pilot certificate with an endorsement for a 1-26
  make an attempt, and qualify for, an FAI height
  diamond badge (requires gain of height of 5,000
  meters/16,404 feet)?
• Sorry! (c) You may not act as pilot in command of
  a light sport aircraft (11) At an altitude of
  more than 10,000 feet MSL.

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Sport Pilot Instructing Requirements

• Q - You are a current CFIG. Can you, without
  holding a sport pilot certificate and instructor
  qualification, give instruction in a light sport
  glider to a student with a view to his earning a
  sports pilot certificate for gliders?
• Your traditional CFIG rating (issued under
  subpart H of Part 61) authorizes you to give
  instruction in gliders. As it relates to gliders,
  the definition of light-sport aircraft defines a
  sub-category of glider. You are authorized to
  give instruction in all gliders (with appropriate
  method of launch endorsement), including light
  sport gliders.
• Your instructing privileges set out in 61.193
  are not restricted to exclude light sport
  gliders.

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49 CFR Part 1552 (Flight Schools)

• Q - Under CFR Part 1552 (Flight Schools) a
  student who is not a citizen of the United States
  requires a background check before beginning
  training, and flight instructors require security
  awareness training, and must keep certain records
  and make them available for inspection by TSA.
  The regulations do not apply to glider pilots.
  Where is the authority for this exemption
  contained, and why is it important to keep
  details of this information?

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49 CFR Part 1552 (Flight Schools)

• Full exemption for glider training and glider
  instructors is granted by Transportation Security
  Administration, Docket No. TSA-2004-19147, letter
  dated October 29, 2004.
• It is important that every glider operation
  club or commercial keep a copy of the exemption
  letter on site as there have been cases of
  attempted TSA enforcement action in the gliding
  community in ignorance of the existence of the
  exemption.
• Copies of the exemption letter can be obtained
  from the SSF.

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Part 830

• Q1 - A reportable accident occurs to a club-owned
  glider you are a club member and were the PIC
  do you personally have a reporting obligation
  and, if yes, when?
• Q2 - A club glider is involved in a reportable
  incident in which it sustains damage of 30,000
  is the incident one which requires immediate
  notification, or not?
• 830.2 Definitions
• As used in this part the following words or
  phrases are defined as follows

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Part 830 (Definitions)

• Aircraft accident means an occurrence associated
  with the operation of an aircraft which takes
  place between the time any person boards the
  aircraft with the intention of flight and all
  such persons have disembarked, and in which any
  person suffers death or serious injury, or in
  which the aircraft receives substantial damage.
• Fatal injury means any injury which results in
  death within 30 days of the accident. Incident
  means an occurrence other than an accident,
  associated with the operation of an aircraft,
  which affects or could affect the safety of
  operations.

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Part 830 Definitions.

• Operator means any person who causes or
  authorizes the operation of an aircraft, such as
  the owner, lessee, or bailee one to whom
  property is entrusted of an aircraft. Serious
  injury means any injury which (1) Requires
  hospitalization for more than 48 hours,
  commencing within 7 days from the date of the
  injury was received (2) results in a fracture of
  any bone (except simple fractures of fingers,
  toes, or nose) (3) causes severe hemorrhages,
  nerve, muscle, or tendon damage (4) involves any
  internal organ or (5) involves second- or
  third-degree burns, or any burns affecting more
  than 5 percent of the body surface.
• Substantial damage means damage or failure which
  adversely affects the structural strength,
  performance, or flight characteristics of the
  aircraft, and which would normally require major
  repair or replacement of the affected component.
  Engine failure or damage limited to an engine if
  only one engine fails or is damaged, bent
  fairings or cowling, dented skin, small punctured
  holes in the skin or fabric, ground damage to
  rotor or propeller blades, and damage to landing
  gear, wheels, tires, flaps, engine accessories,
  brakes, or wingtips are not considered
  substantial damage for the purpose of this
  part.

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• The operator of any civil aircraft, or any public
  aircraft not operated by the Armed Forces or an
  intelligence agency of the United States, or any
  foreign aircraft shall immediately, and by the
  most expeditious means available, notify the
  nearest National Transportation Safety Board
  (Board) field office when
• (a) An aircraft accident or any of the following
  listed incidents occur
• (1) Flight control system malfunction or failure
• (2) Inability of any required flight crewmember
  to perform normal flight duties as a result of
  injury or illness
• (3) Failure of structural components of a turbine
  engine excluding compressor and turbine blades
  and vanes
• (4) In-flight fire or
• (5) Aircraft collide in flight.

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Immediate Notification

• (6) Damage to property, other than the aircraft,
  estimated to exceed 25,000 for repair (including
  materials and labor) or fair market value in the
  event of total loss, whichever is less.
• (b) An aircraft is overdue and is believed to
  have been involved in an accident.

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Part 830

• 830.6 Information to be given in notification.
• 830.10 Preservation of aircraft wreckage, mail,
  cargo, and records.
• 830.15 Reports and statements to be filed.
• Reports. The operator of a civil, public (as
  specified in 830.5), or foreign aircraft shall
  file a report on Board Form 6120 within 10 days
  after an accident, or after 7 days if an overdue
  aircraft is still missing. A report on an
  incident for which immediate notification is
  required by 830.5(a) shall be filed only as
  requested by an authorized representative of the
  Board.

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Golden Rule of FAR interpretation

• If it says you can, YOU CAN
• If it says you cant, YOU CANT
• If it says neither, YOU MIGHT!

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Last Questions

• What is the period of validity of a Student Pilot
  Certificate?
• If you solo a transition student (e.g. the holder
  of a private airplane rating), how long is the
  solo endorsement good for?

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(No Transcript)
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Questions

• A pilot-in-command requires to carry a photo ID.
  How does a 14 year old non-driver comply with the
  photo ID requirement?
• Does a student pilot require an endorsement
  (method of launch endorsement) of ground and
  flight training and proficiency for aerotow to be
  made before solo?
• If you got your glider rating in 1996, and want
  to fly a self-launch glider, do you require a
  self launch method of launch endorsement?

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Questions

• If you are going to fly a singleplace glider with
  an experimental certificate, do you require a
  method of launch endorsement?
• What details are required to be logged for flight
  training and ground training given by a CFIG?
• If you do not have actual knowledge that you have
  a medical condition that would make you unfit to
  operate a glider, is it legal for you to operate
  a glider?

34
Questions

• If you are conducting a flight review using the
  rule that permits 3 glider flights in lieu of 1
  hour of flight training, can one of these flights
  be a simulated rope break at 300 feet?
• If you receive the 1 hour of ground instruction
  required for a flight review in January and the 1
  hour of flight training in February, from the end
  of which month is the 24 month flight review
  validity period counted January or February?
• A foreign glider pilot who has just received
  issuance of a US private glider pilot certificate
  on the basis of his foreign glider pilot
  certificate under FAR 61.75 i.e. without
  taking a practical test comes to your club
  does he need a flight review before flying as
  pilot-in-command in a club glider?

35
Questions

• Does the holder of a private airplane rating
  undergoing training for a glider rating require
  to pass a knowledge test before first operating a
  glider in solo flight?
• A reportable accident occurs to a club-owned
  glider you are a club member and were the PIC
  do you personally have a reporting obligation
  and, if yes, when?
• A club glider is involved in a reportable
  incident in which it sustains damage of 30,000
  is the incident one which requires immediate
  notification, or not?
• What endorsements must the holder of a student
  pilot certificate have in his/her logbook prior
  to solo?

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Questions

• What endorsements must a solo student glider
  pilot have in his/her logbook prior to being
  given a recommendation for the private glider
  practical test?
• Your club has an SZD 50-3 Puchacz 2-place
  training sailplane. Does the Puchacz qualify as a
  light-sport aircraft, which can be operated by
  the holder of a sport pilot certificate with an
  endorsement giving glider privileges?
• A Schweizer 1-26 meets the definition of
  light-sports aircraft. Can the holder of a sport
  pilot certificate with an endorsement for a 1-26
  make an attempt, and qualify for, an FAI height
  diamond badge (requires gain of height of 5,000
  meters/16,404 feet)?
• You are a current CFIG. Can you, without holding
  a sport pilot certificate and instructor
  qualification, give instruction in a light sport
  glider to a student with a view to his earning a
  sports pilot certificate for gliders?

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61.56 Flight review.

• Q - If you receive the 1 hour of ground
  instruction required for a flight review in
  January and the 1 hour of flight training in
  February, from the end of which month is the 24
  month flight review validity period counted
  January or February?
• (c) Except as provided in paragraphs (d), (e),
  and (g) of this section, no person may act as
  pilot in command of an aircraft unless, since the
  beginning of the 24th calendar month before the
  month in which that pilot acts as pilot in
  command, that person has
• (1) Accomplished a flight review given in an
  aircraft for which that pilot is rated by an
  authorized instructor