Title: Organic farming is a system which do not use synthetic inputs such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, hormones and relies on crop rotations, crop residues, animal manures, off-farm organic waste and biological system of nutrient mobilization and plant
1Introduction
- Organic farming is a system which do not use
synthetic inputs such as chemical fertilizers,
pesticides, hormones and relies on crop
rotations, crop residues, animal manures,
off-farm organic waste and biological system of
nutrient mobilization and plant protection. - Organic farming promotes agro-ecosystem health
and soil biodiversity and provides opportunity
for export of horticultural crops. - People are becoming health conscious and ready to
purchase organically grown food and plant
products.
2Impact of Green Revolution
- Green Revolution in India has created lot of
ecological and environmental problems like - Soil deterioration due to intensive cultivation
and reduction in crop production from High
Yielding Varieties. - Decrease in input use efficiency and declining
water table. - Increase soil salinity and crop susceptibility to
pest and diseases and pest becoming highly
tolerant to pesticides.
3Objectives of Organic Farming
- To produce chemical free healthy food and
conserve genetic diversity of crop plants. - To maintain and enhance long term soil fertility
and encourage biological cycles involving soil
flora and fauna. - To help in soil and water conservation and
minimize various forms of pollution in
agricultural practices. - To recycle agricultural waste products and
preserve traditional and indigenous knowledge in
farming system.
4Approaches in Organic Farming
- Use of Green Manuring crops
- Composting and use of Organic Manure
- Biological Pest Management
- Crop Rotation for residual benefits
- Bio-fertilizer application for soil micro-flora
development - Integration of Animal husbandry in crop production
5Approaches for Organic Farming
- Use of Green Manuring Crops Green manure crop
like dhaincha, sunhemp, cowpea etc incorporated
in soil at proper stage can improve soil
fertility and reduces cost of external inputs
like fertilizers. - Composting and use of Organic Manure Organic
manure like cattle dung, rural urban composts,
animal wastes, crop residues can be recycled in
to compost and used as manure for crop
production. Organic manures like FYM. Compost,
Oil Cakes, Bone meals, Blood meal can be used.
6Approaches for Organic Farming
- Biological Pest Management Biological agents
like Trichoderma viride and Azadirachtin are
effectively used to control pest and diseases in
crops and pests are kept below economical
threshold level. - Crop Rotation for Residual Effects It is
practice of growing one crop after another on the
same piece of land in different timings to
enhance soil fertility through selection of crops
which will help each other like Cereal crop
rotated with Pulse crop in sequence.
7Approaches for Organic Farming
Integration of Animal Husbandry Byproducts of
animal husbandry like dung and urine are used as
resources in organic farming. Bio-fertilizer
Application Bio-fertilizers like Azotobacter,
Azospirillum, Rhizobium, mycorrhiza are
preparations containing living cells of
micro-organisms that help crop plants in uptake
of nutrients by their biological interactions. It
is cost effective components of organic farming,
based on renewable source of plant nutrients.