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Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions

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Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions Biomes: Global Patterns of Life Population Biology Environmental Science 2 Field Trip #1 Date/time ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions


1
Environmental Science 2
  • Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species
    Interactions
  • Biomes Global Patterns of Life
  • Population Biology

2
Field Trip 1
  • Date/time Saturday, starts _at_ 900 am
  • Location Santa Monica National Recreation Area,
    Leo Carrillo State Park.
  • Hand-out in class Info/Map
  • Logistics transportation and navigation
  • Please be on time and prepared to do some
    walking bring multiple types of clothes and
    shoes for unknown conditions.
  • Picnic (optional)

3
Activity 1
  • Find 5 facts about the Santa Monica Mountains
    National Recreation Area and surroundings
  • Fill-out Activity 1 hand-out and turn-in when
    complete
  • Use computers (i-net) on campus
  • Website suggestion www.nps.gov/samo/, also
    Google Earth.
  • Plus navigation to fieldtrip location and maps!

4
Important Definitions
  • Evolution gradual changes in species over
    time...
  • Natural Selection better-fit individuals thrive
    and pass on traits to next generation
  • Adaptation acquisition of traits allowing for
    species survival
  • Speciation the development of a new species
  • Why? environmental pressures allow for
    individual/species change

5
Some People of Interest
  • Charles Darwin
  • Alfred Wallace
  • Both scientists published biological research at
    the same time (mid-1800s), leading to the main
    theory of evolution embraced by modern science.

6
Biology Basics
  • Habitat the place or set of environmental
    conditions in which an organism lives
  • Niche the role of a species in a biological
    community

7
Biology Basics
  • Interactions between environment and other
    organisms
  • Competition resources, mates, and more
  • Predation eat or be eaten
  • Mutualism together in harmony
  • Disturbance poor environmental factors

8
Biology Basics
  • Diversity the number of different species,
    niches, and/or genetic variation in a biological
    community
  • Species A 300, B 25, C 150 per community
  • Abundance the total number of organisms or
    species in a biological community
  • Species A 1,000 individuals/community

9
Human Interruptions
  • Habitat loss from human use
  • Introduced species
  • Extraction or eradication
  • Fire, flooding, drought, storms, and other
    extreme phenomena caused by human negligence
  • normal changes vs. human-induced changes

10
Biome Introduction
  • Biome characteristics
  • Large terrestrial ecosystem
  • Recognizable assemblage of plants and animals
  • Ecotone transitional boundary between adjacent
    biomes
  • Vegetation Basis for biome names

11
Biogeography
  • View Biomes from Environmental Geography course
  • Located on website under Physical Geography
    lectures (ch11)
  • Biome-related slides only (32-42)
  • See website _at_
  • lthttp//geography-venturacounty.info/index.htmgt

12
Population Biology
  • Population growth, limits, and crash
  • carrying capacity
  • birth/death rates
  • migratory vs. sedentary
  • genetic diversity
  • physical conditions
  • humans

13
Conservation Biology
  • Biogeography Environmental Science
  • Saving Ecosystems, Communities, and Species
  • Island Biogeography
  • colonization/extinction
  • barriers change
  • speciation/endemism
  • human influences

14
Conservation in SMNRA
  • Islands and Mainland - connections
  • Example giant coreopsis (plant)
  • QA
  • Dont forget to prepare for the Saturday field
    trip (mandatory)!

15
Homework (continued)
  • Finish reading Ch.1 and three chapters of your
    choice from the following list
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3
  • Chapter 4
  • Chapter 5
  • Chapter 6
  • Write a brief summary on each chapter you read,
    including
  • chapter number/title, single favorite Case
    Study/Exploring Science subsection among the
    chapters, overall questions and/or comments
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