Crisis - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 20
About This Presentation
Title:

Crisis

Description:

Crisis Crisis Source: any stressful event hazardous situation Maturational Situational Adjustment Disorder Can effect The individual Family Community Nation Crisis vs ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:687
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 21
Provided by: ChrisW59
Category:
Tags: crisis

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Crisis


1
Crisis
2
Crisis
  • Source
  • any stressful event
  • hazardous situation
  • Maturational Situational
  • Adjustment Disorder
  • Can effect
  • The individual
  • Family
  • Community
  • Nation

3
Crisis vs. Stress
  • Period of severe disorganization
  • Failure of Coping Mechanisms
  • Lack of usual resources
  • Feels totally out of control
  • Unable to function
  • Extremely frightening
  • Motivates to escape the situation or pain

4
Crisis
  • Panic Level Anxiety
  • Feel hopeless and helpless
  • Can not be tolerated for more than 4 to 6 weeks
  • Need and accept help
  • Trust is less of an issue
  • Crisis has growth potential
  • Learn new coping skills
  • Improve relationships

5
Help Unavailable
  • Exhaustion and illness
  • Dysfunctional coping patterns (behaviors)
  • Persist without intensive counseling for a
    prolonged period
  • Less time and more effective if intervention
    occurs quickly and during the crisis
  • Emotionally ill
  • Suicidal

6
Dissociative Disorders
  • Dissociative Amnesia
  • Dissociative Fugue
  • Depersonalization
  • Dissociative Identity Disorder

7
ASD vs. PTSD
  • Acute Stress Disorder
  • Dissociative symptoms immediately after the event
  • Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
  • Characteristic Symptoms one month after the
    trauma
  • May go unrecognized for years
  • Major Characteristics of Both
  • Numbing of responsiveness
  • Reduced involvement
  • Defense mechanisms
  • Regression
  • Denial
  • Repression
  • Suppression

8
Intrussive Thoughts and Feelings
  • Re-experiencing the trauma
  • Thoughts
  • Memories
  • Nightmares
  • Illusions
  • triggers
  • Sudden Feeling the event is recurring
  • Abreaction process by which repressed material
    is brought back to the consciousness and
    re-experienced affectively

9
ASD and PTSD
  • Arousal
  • Anxiety
  • Restlessness
  • Irritability
  • Disturbances in Sleep
  • Impaired memory or concentration
  • Anger or Rage
  • Survivor guilt perceive they did not help or are
    responsible for the trauma

10
Causes
  • Previous trauma
  • Rape
  • Childhood Abuse
  • War (Iraq and Afghanistan)
  • Bombings (World Trade Center)

11
Outcomes
  • Arrests
  • Unemployment
  • Homelessness
  • Abusiveness
  • Divorce
  • Paranoia

12
Sensitization
  • Fear Conditioning
  • Auditory and visual stimuli
  • Emotional and visceral memories
  • Response continues even when the traumatic event
    is no longer present
  • Cross sensitization
  • Over-reaction to stimuli that resembles the
    trauma
  • Hyper arousal

13
CISM
  • Critical Incident Stress Management
  • Used when the development of posttraumatic
    symptoms are likely
  • Provides a range of services for victims
  • Seven Core Elements
  • Pre-crisis preparation
  • Large-Scale demobilization
  • Individual acute crisis counseling
  • Brief small group discussions (defusings)
  • Longer small group discussions (critical Incident
    stress debriefings
  • Family crisis intervention techniques
  • Follow-up procedures

14
Crisis Intervention
  • Identify the point at which the crisis began
  • Identify how the victims life is being effected
  • Immediate action to prevent harm and further
    decompensation
  • The Nurse can be active and directive

15
Crisis Intervention
  • Focus on Survival safety and security (physical
    and emotional)
  • Re-establish equilibrium and stabilization
  • Focus on strengths and adaptive coping
  • Offer suggestion for concrete specific
    problem-solving
  • Make provisions for follow-up care

16
Nurse-Patient Relationship
  • Trust Depends on the Crisis
  • May be difficult to establish
  • Acknowledge the injustice
  • Address concerns about safety and security
  • The patient needs to be able to talk about
    injuries destruction and atrocities and changes
    that have occurred in their lives
  • Nurses need help to avoid secondary PTSD

17
Nurse-Patient Relationship
  • Safe verbalization of anger
  • Facilitate externalization of painful emotions
    (difficult to verbalize)
  • Write in a journal
  • Write a letter
  • Art Music and Poetry
  • Developing a new perspective

18
Groups
  • Coping Skills
  • Relaxation techniques
  • Anger management
  • Time out to focus
  • Bills
  • Planning
  • Interpersonal Skills
  • Take responsibility for ones actions

19
Crisis and Pharmacology
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Clonazepam
  • Lorazepam
  • reduce anxiety and help to rest
  • Clonidine
  • Peripheral autonomic response
  • Reduces fear anxiety and nightmares

20
Crisis and Pharmacology
  • Valporic Acid or Carbamazepine
  • Help with mood swings explosive outbursts
    feelings of being out of control
  • SSRIs
  • May decrease sensitization disturbing images
  • Tricyclic Antidepressants
  • Antipsychotics
  • Acute crisis
  • Resperidone or quetiapine can decrease flashbacks
    and nightmares
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com