Industrial-Organizational psychology in the Americas: Past

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Industrial-Organizational psychology in the
Americas Past future trendsHarold Takooshian,
APA International Psychology
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Overview

• International origins of scientific Y
• Y today indigenous (193) specialized (52)
• I-O Y today in the North America today
• Origins of I-O Y in North America
• I-O Y today in South v North America
• The future of U.S. I-O Y 3 trends
• 7. Conclusion

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1a. International origins of Y

• 1879 Wundt Germany
• 1881 Ochorowicz Poland
• 1889 International Exposition France

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1b. Paris international expo 1889 !
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1c. International Y

• By 1889 Y had developed many specialties covering
  specialty areas (criminal studies, education,
  psychopathology, psychophysics, therapy) and
  phenomena (amnesia, hypnosis, hallucinations,
  learning, perception).

• In 1889 several scholars and scientists decided
  to hold the International Congress of
  Physiological Y in Paris.

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2a. Y Indigenous and specialized

• Indigenous National Y (193 nations)
• 1885 Russia (125th anniversary in 2010)
• 1892 USA (APA)
• Specialized In every nation
• In APA, 54 divisions.
• Division 52 (1997)
• International Y
• Division 14 (1945) I-O Y

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3. I-O Y today in North America

• 4 I-O areas today in SIOP
• (Society for I-O Y)
• Personnel Y Fit the person to the organization
• Who to recruit, select, train, assess, promote
• Organizational Y Fit the organization to the
  person
• 3. Human factors Ergonomics, engineering Y
• Consumer behavior Reach outside the organization
• (Advertising, marketing)

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4a. Origins of I-O Y in North America

• Personnel Y
• James McKeen Cattell
• 1890 mental tests
• 1921 Psychological
• Corporation
• 1917 Military Y
• (Goddard)
• Human factors
• 1909 time-motion studies
• F.W. Taylor, FL. Gilbreth

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4b. Origins of I-O Y in North America

• Consumer behavior
• 1901 Walter Dill Scott
• 1903 Y of advertising
• Organizational Y
• 1927-39 Hawthorne studies
• (Elton Mayo)
• 1960 Human enterprise
• Douglas McGregor
• HRM Labor Y shift

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4. Growth of I-O Y South v North America

• South America None
• 1984 Universidad dAtacama
• Abel Gallardo, MS
• http//abelgallardo.tripod.com
• North America
• 1987 Society for I-O Psychology
• www.siop.org 4,000 of 84,000
• demand, salaries, growth (NYC 2007)

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5a. 3 future trends in U.S. I-O Y

• APA I-O Psychology Handbook (S. Zedeck, 2011)
• 1. Human Relations Movement (HRM)
• Ways to humanize the corporation
• Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)
• 3. Predicting counterproductive behaviors (CPB)

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5b. HRM Target Corporation

• HOW CAN TARGET PROMOTE ITS EMPLOYEES WELFARE?
• ANNE TAKOOSHIAN TARGET TEAM H.R. (HUMAN
  RESOURCES)
• 360-degree feedback assessing job
  satisfaction,
• annual Employee Attitude Surveys
• Employee wellness Physical mental health, EAP
• Counseling finances, family, career development
• Insurance Home, car, life, health, pension
• Community involvement volunteers, social
  activities,
• TCOE 1,

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5b. Org. citizenship behaviors

• PROMOTING POSITIVE Y IN ORGANIZATIONS?
• Y tests Shift from clinical to I-O
• Assessing job satisfaction JDI, MSQ
• OCQ, Org. Commitment (Porter, 1979)
• OCB, Org. citizenship (Podsakoff, 2000)

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5c. Counterproductive behaviors

• CAN ORGANIZATIONS AVOID CPBs?
• Y tests Shift from clinical to I-O
• Dependent personality (drugs, alcohol)
• Dishonesty
• Lateness, absence, malingering
• Violence, anger, conflict

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Thank you !

• Professor Alexander Voronov !
• Professor Evgeny Osin !
• Professor Valentin Spivakovsky !
• Anne W.S. Takooshian !

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125 years of International YIAAP, Paris, 8-13
July 2014
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International Y in New York CityMarch 1-4,
2013, EPA conference