Sistemi Informativi Integrati d

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Sistemi Informativi Integrati dAzienda

• Seminario nellambito del Corso di
• MODELLI MATEMATICI PER LA FINANZA

Luca Spreafico Universita di Pavia
25 novembre 2011
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Sommario

• Dai sistemi legacy agli ERP
• Principali caratteristiche di un ERP
• I principali ERP sul mercato
• Evoluzione dellERP WEB e Business Intelligence
• LERP una base dati per la Governance
  dellAzienda
• I Sistemi di Enterprise Performance Management

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Dai Sistemi Legacyagli ERP
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Evoluzione dei sistemi informatici
Applicazioni orientate alla singola funzione
Applicazioni su misura
Sistemi Integrati
Packages
ERP
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ERP
Enterprise Gruppo / Azienda
Enterprise Resource Planning Pianificazione delle
Risorse dImpresa
PlanningTempi, Luoghi, Quantità
Resource Persone, Materiali, Impianti,
Capitale
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Principali caratteristichedi un ERP
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Configurabilita

• E un package, sviluppato e venduto da una
  societa di software.
• Puo essere installato presso piu aziende
  clienti ed e configurabile mediante intervento
  sui parametri di sistema e senza sviluppo o
  modifica di software.
• Loperazione di configurazione dei parametri di
  sistema per adeguarlo alle esigenze dei clienti
  e denominata set up (o customizing).
• Talora puo essere necessario sviluppare del
  software per adattarlo a specifiche perculiarita
  dellazienda cliente. In questo caso si parla di
  personalizzazione

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Completezza Funzionale

• Un ERP deve essere in grado di supportare i
  principali processi aziendali (es. Contabilita
  Generale, Acquisti, Vendite, Magazzino,
  Produzione, Gestione del Personale)
• E normalmente organizzato in moduli
• Puo essere implementato anche parzialmente,
  attivando solamente alcuni dei moduli che ne
  fanno parte. In questo caso e necessario
  sviluppare interfacce di collegamento con le
  applicazioni esterne allERP, che compongono il
  sistema informatico aziendale

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Integrazione

• Un ERP e un package integrato in quanto
• Tutti i moduli lavorano insieme e non funzionano
  come applicazioni separate
• Viene garantita la coerenza dei dati e la
  corretta sequenza delle fasi, sia allinterno dei
  singoli processi gestiti, sia fra processi
  collaterali
• Le regole di codifica sono comuni
• I dati sono inseriti una volta sola e vengono
  condivisi da tutti i moduli dellERP
• Le procedure di inserimento dati ne controllano
  la coerenza rispetto ai dati gia presenti nel
  sistema, e rispetto alle regole di controllo
  definite durante la fase di set up

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Multisocietarieta

• E in grado di gestire nella stessa installazione
  i processi di piu aziende, presidiando la
  sicurezza degli accessi e la riservatezza dei
  dati.
• Se le aziende fanno parte di uno stesso gruppo
  industriale, puo gestire alcuni dati in comune e
  automatizzare le relazioni intersocietarie
• Consolidamento contabile
• Reporting di gruppo
• Pianificazione multisito
• Transazioni intercompany (acquisti, vendite,
  fatturazione)

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ERP internazionali

• Un ERP si dice internazionale se puo essere
  utilizzato da aziende che operano in paesi
  diversi.
• Perche un ERP sia definito internazionale, deve
  essere
• Multilingua le maschere e i menu devono poter
  apparire in piu lingue. La scelta della lingua
  deve poter essere associata allazienda o al
  profilo dellutilizzatore mediante pure
  operazioni di set up
• Localizzato Devono essere disponibili tutte le
  funzionalita necessarie per soddisfare i
  requisiti civilistici/fiscali e le pratiche
  commerciali dei diversi paesi

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Sistema Flessibile e ConfigurabileSistema
Personalizzabile senza customizzazioni

• Riduce costose customizzazioni

• Mantiene le configurazioni durante gli upgrade

• Facilita limpiego del sistema

Flexfields User definable data key Folders
User tailorable forms Workflow Configurable
business process flow Custom Library Directory
for customer extensions (forms) OA Framework /
Forms Personalization Configurable page look
feel, navigation, tabs, fields, buttons XML
Publisher Flexible report / document output
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Oracle E-Business SuiteCostruita su una Unica
Architettura Informativa
MultipleIndustries
MultipleGeographies
Develop
Contracts
Market
Projects
Sell
Customers, Suppliers, Products,
MultipleCurrencies
MultipleLegal Entities
Order
HR
Plan
Finance
Procure
Maintain
Make
Service
Fulfill
MultipleLanguages
StatutoryCompliance
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Il sistema ERP come facilitatore
dellintegrazione organizzativa
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• In azienda spesso esistono dei muri funzionali
  che inibiscono la comunicazione

Funzioni
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Oracle eBusiness Suite
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Evoluzione dellERPWEB e Business Intelligence
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ERP per lazienda estesa

• ...

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Field Sales
Quoting / Proposal
Order Management
Adv. Pricing
PIM
Configurator
Inventory/ WMS
AR / Incentive Compensation
Order To Cash
Demantra Demand Management
Sales Operation Planning
ASCP / GOP
Discrete Mfg
MES
Production Scheduling
Flow Manufacturing
Colaborative Planning
Planning To Produce
Purchasing
iProcuremnt
Supplier Portal
Sourcing
AP
Procure to Pay
GL
AP
AR
Cash Management
Fixed Asset
Advance Collection
iReceivables
Financials
HR
HR Self Service
iRecruitment
Compensation Workbench
TimeLabour
Performance Management
Human Capital Mngt
Supply Chain Order Mngt Intelligence
Procurement Intelligence
Financial Intelligence
Intelligence
Enterprise Asset Management
Self Service Work requests
Transportation Management
Freight payments. billing, claim
Transport. Operational planning
Maintenance
Transportation
Collaboration
Intelligence
Base
Estensioni
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LERP una base dati per la Governance
dellAzienda
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Business Challenges

• Todays Reality Management Processes Are
  Fragmented
• Lack of business alignment
• Low predictability in performance
• Inconsistency in business decisions

ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED(EVA)
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Financial Closing
CFO Dashboard
Governance, Risk Compliance
Financial Close Workflow
Financial Consolidation
Data Assurance
Tax Filing
Tax Calculations
ERP Oracle, SAP, JDE, Other
Financial andMgmt. Reporting
DocumentManagement Filing
Transactions
Reporting
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Financial Closing
Accelerate Reporting and Reduce Cost of Compliance
Manage Financial Closefrom Subledgers to Filings
Integrate with ERP Sources and Ensure Financial
Data Quality
Consolidate and Report Financial Results
Ensure High Quality Report Submissions
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Profitability Cost Mgt
Common Reporting Interaction
Cost, Revenue and Profitability Analytics
Cost and Profitability Reporting
Cost and Revenue Allocation Calculations
Cost and Profitability Simulation
Profitability and Cost Management
Performance Improvement
Allocate
Analyze
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Profitability Cost Mgt
Improve Profit Decisions Through Better Visibility

• A business user application to build models that
• Accurately assign, measure, and manage costs and
  revenues
• Use any methodology to transform financial data
  through multiple stages
• Compute costs and profitability for multiple
  business objectives
• Customers, products, services, activities, etc.
• Use scenarios to evaluate alternate approaches

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Planning
Predictive Modeling Simulation
Capital AssetsPlanning
Workforce Planning
Long-Term Financial Planning
Operational Revenue Cost Modeling
Functional Plans
Project Planning
Marketing Planning
Planning, Budgeting Forecasting
Financial Detail
Operational Detail
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Planning
Accelerate the Planning Forecasting Process

• Centralized system
• Align top-down and bottom-up
• Consistent assumptions
• Common allocations calculations
• Integrated Operational Planning to address
  in-depth revenue and margin planning
• Purpose-built Capital Assets and Workforce
  planning modules for fast deployment
• Powerful workflow and process management for
  budgeting and forecasting

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Strategic Planning
Predictive Modeling Simulation
What-if Analysis
Planning, Budgeting Forecasting
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Strategic Planning
Accounting Integrity and Modeling Speed

• Integrated financial statements
• Project shareholder value
• Run unlimited scenarios
• Consolidate multiple business combinations
• Evaluate strategic projects
• Simulate effects of MA
• Debt Scheduling
• Optimize capital structure

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I Sistemi di Enterprise Performance Management
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Enterprise Performance Mgt

• Enterprise Performance Management è una
  disciplina che si propone i seguenti obiettivi
• Collegare le strategie ai piani e alla loro
  esecuzione
• Monitorare i risultati finanziari e operativi
  rispetto agli obiettivi e applicare strumenti di
  analisi per
• Indirizzare il miglioramento delle performance
  aziendali

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Enterprise Performance Mgt
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Quali strumenti? Excel...
is a Good Departmental Tool, but

• Disconnected
• Data Security Risks
• Error-prone
• Doesnt scale
• No controls / audit trails

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...è fra gli strumenti più utilizzati
but business is more than two dimensions?

• We typically look at more than two dimensions
  (multi-dimensional)
• So what do we do?
• Add more column headers!
• In our example
• Total Market BY Total Product, Actual Sales
  for Qtr1 95,820
• Creates HEADACHES!

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... ma può diventare...
Multi-Dimensional Multi-Sheet

• Add a sheet for each market
• 4 Markets Total 5 Sheets
• The problem exacerbates

Market(s)
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... un incubo!
Multi-Sheet NightMare

• How about by Product and by Market?
• 5 Markets BY 500 Products 2500 Sheets!
• What about by Industry too?
• Welcome to Spreadsheet Hell

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... Quindi ?
The Solution Eradicate the Spreadsheet Hell
Oracle Essbase

• Use the same familiar tools, Excel, Word,
  PowerPoint
• Achieve Speed of Thought response time
• Benefit from a centralized enterprise-scale
  solution

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OLAP
On Line Analytical Processing

• Highly Efficient Data Storage
• Very Fast Data Access and Retrieval
• Data Organized in Dimensional Model, Easy for
  End-users to Understand
• Creates new Information via Write-back to Power
  What-if Scenarios
• Powerful Dimensional Calculation Engine

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Oracle EPM
Strategic Planning

• Hyperion Strategic Finance
• Hyperion Scorecard
• Crystal Ball

Financial Close
Planning and Forecasting
Shared Components

• Hyperion Financial Management
• Financial Close Management
• Disclosure Management
• GRC Manager
• GRC Intelligence

• Hyperion Planning
• Workforce Planning
• Capital Asset Planning
• Integrated Operational Planning
• Public Sector Planning

Financial Data Quality Management Essbase Data
Relationship Management
Profitability Management

• Hyperion Profitability and Cost Management

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Oracle Essbase...

• Powerful Calculator
• Hundreds of built in functions and algorithms
• Trending
• Goal seeking
• Procedural calculations

• Financial Intelligence
• Critical for Variance Analysis, understands
  better / (worse)
• Essbase understands Financial Data and
  Calculations
• Time Balances

• Time Intelligence
• Time Series calculations are hard to do
• Yet, an extremely common BI requirement
• Essbase makes it very easy at any level, any
  dimension, for any type of calendar

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Alcuni utilizzatori dei prodotti EPM
The worlds leading producer of primary aluminum
with 23.5 billion in revenues with operations in
43 countries and 350 locations. Alcoa has over
131,000 employees.
Before
20 days to close Lengthy year-end reporting Costly financial reporting process 78 charts of accounts Widely varying reporting definitions and procedures
After
5 days to close Global consolidation across 58 lines of business Global forecasting and reporting solution for 1,000 users Minutes to access information
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Alcuni utilizzatori dei prodotti EPM
Fortune 500 energy company and nations leading
supplier of competitive electricity to large
commercial and industrial customers.
After
Cash-flow models in hours, not days Sensitivity analysis on cash-flow and treasury scenarios Strategic use of funds across debt, equity and capital projects
Before
Took days to run new 5-year long-range plan scenarios using Excel Lack of fully integrated financial scenarios between debt pay downs, share buy-backs and investments in long-term capital projects No integration between FPA and Treasury models
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Alcuni utilizzatori dei prodotti EPM
World's 5th largest Airline, celebrating its 75th
anniversary in 2009 Operates 2,750 daily
departures133 domestic, 132 international
destinations Named Fortune magazine No1 World's
Most Admired Airline
After
Move to a 18 month rolling forecast to allow for shorter budgeting process Replaced 1000s of excel spreadsheets Web-based data entry for Workforce Planning (Mgmt, Reservations agents) Enabled for local currency input and automated currency translation Driver-based calculations using Operational Statistics
Before
30 of FPA time spent on data management Thousands of spreadsheets exist with embedded calculations, macros links Excessive review time and multiple iterations due to extended budget cycle Security issues with having data residing in offline Excel spreadsheets
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Alcuni utilizzatori dei prodotti EPM
Regional bank serving 19 Western and Midwestern
states and 4 million households. Over 60B in
assets with more than 10,000 employees.
After
Minimal IT involvement Easy integration into EPM system infrastructure Ability to offer a basket of products by mixing and matching products according to customer demographics Benchmarking costs for developing and marketing new products
Before
IT resources demand exceeded capacity for profitability reporting Needed business users to drive profitability modeling Lack of insight how shared costs impacted economics of the business Challenge to optimize product mix that maximizes bank profitability
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Alcuni utilizzatori dei prodotti EPM
Worlds pre-eminent gold producer, with a
portfolio of 27 operating mines in 5 continents.
Risk assessment dashboards with consolidated
account balance by entity from Hyperion Financial
Management and risk ratings from control
evaluation in Oracle GRC Manager
Before
After
Reduce top down risk assessment process by over 2,000 hours per year Standardize GRC content globally Reduce testing expense by 30 Increased management visibility into high risk areas Improved the close process

• The annual SOX assessment process was primarily
  managed through the use of Excel spreadsheets,
  Word documents, PowerPoint presentations.  
• Time consuming analysis and development of
  statistics reports for each reporting cycle
• Limited ongoing visibility