Clauses and Types of Sentences

1
Clauses and Types of Sentences
2
Clause

• A group of words that has a subject and a verb
  and is used as part of a sentence.

3
Types of Clauses

• Independent Main expresses a complete
  thought-EX-I watched the Super Bowl.
• Subordinate Needs help Dependent- Cant stand
  alone-After I watched the Super Bowl

4
Types of Sentences

• Sentences are classified by the number and types
  of clauses

5
Simple Sentence

• One independent clause
• Ex-I watched the super bowl.

6
Compound Sentence

• Two independent clauses joined by either a comma
  and a coordinating conjunction or a semicolon
• EX-I watched the super bowl, and I ate chips.
• EX-I watched the super bowl however, I forgot
  the chips.

7
Coordinating Conjunctions

• F A N B O Y S-Join two independent clauses (with
  a comma) to form compound sentences.
• For
• And
• Nor
• But
• Or
• Yet
• So

8
Complex Sentence

• One independent clause and at least one
  subordinate clause

9
Subordinate Clauses

• Adjective
• Adverb

10
Adjective Clause

• Begins with a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose,
  that, which)
• Usually modifies the noun directly before it.

11
Adjective clauses continued

• Tells which one or what kind
• Example The quarterback who threw the
  interception lost the game.
• (Modifies quarterback tells which one)

12
Restrictive clauses

• A restrictive clause is necessary in order for
  the sentence to make sense, or is at least
  necessary to identify the noun. (That is, it
  restricts the noun or pronoun.)
• Ex Anyone who finds the lost dog should call
  the humane society. (Not just anyone should
  call-only the person who has found the dog.)

13
Non-restrictive Clauses

• A non-restrictive clause add information or
  description, but such a clause is not necessary
  in order to identify the noun.
• Ex Laurie, who was a good social studies
  student, decided to show the map to her teacher.
  (No restrictive clause is needed because Laurie
  is identified by name.)

14
Punctuation Notes

• A non-restrictive clause is set off by commas,
  but a restrictive clause is not.

15
Adverb Clause

• Begins with a subordinating conjunction such as
  after, as, because, if, since, when
• Describes a verb, adjective, or adverb of the
  independent clause.

16
Adverb clauses continued

• Answers the questions When? Where? In what way?
  To what extent? Under what conditions? or Why?
• Tells when, where, how or why something happened.
• Example I turned on the TV before the Super Bowl
  started. (Modifies turned tells when)

17
Compound-Complex Sentence

• Two independent clauses and at least one
  subordinate clause. The clauses are connected
  using correct punctuation.

18
Lets see if you were listening

• What are the five types of relative pronouns?
• What are the coordinating conjunctions?
• What type of clause is necessary in the sentence?
  Does it require commas?
• What is a compound sentence? Complex? Compound
  Complex?
• What are three subordinating conjunctions? What
  type of clause do they begin?
• What questions do adverb clauses answers?