Mobile Phone Use, Brain Tumor Risk and Public Health Policy - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Mobile Phone Use, Brain Tumor Risk and Public Health Policy

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Mobile Phone Use, Brain Tumor Risk and Public Health Policy Joel M. Moskowitz, Ph.D., Director Center for Family and Community School of Public Health – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Mobile Phone Use, Brain Tumor Risk and Public Health Policy


1
Mobile Phone Use, Brain Tumor Risk and Public
Health Policy
  • Joel M. Moskowitz, Ph.D., Director
  • Center for Family and Community
  • School of Public Health
  • University of California, Berkeley
  • The Commonwealth Club
  • November 18, 2010

2
Overview
  • Review studies of mobile phone use and tumor risk
  • Results of 2010 Interphone Study paper
  • Trends in cell phone use in U.S.
  • Public health policy options

3
Meta-analysis publication
  • Mobile Phone Use and Risk of Tumors A
    Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Oncology,
    27(33)5565-72. 2009.
  • Seung-Kwon Myung, National Cancer Center, S.
    Korea
  • Woong Ju, Ewha Womans University, S. Korea
  • Yeon Li Gee, Seoul National Univ. Hospital, S.
    Korea
  • Chih-Tao Cheng, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer
    Center, Taiwan
  • Diana McDonnell, Gene Kazinets, and Joel M.
    Moskowitz, UC Berkeley
  • http//jco.ascopubs.org/content/27/33/5565.abstrac
    t

4
Meta-analysis study selection
  • One cohort study
  • No association between cell phone use and brain
    tumor risk
  • Weak study
  • 23 case-control studies
  • 37,916 participants12,344 patient cases 25,572
    controls

5
Meta-analysis case-control study
  • What is a case-control study?
  • Compare cases to matched controls.
  • Determine if characteristics differ between 2
    groups.
  • Exposure is mobile phone use.
  • Compute Odds Ratio (OR)
  • (Odds of having tumor for people using phones)
    (Odds of having tumor for people not using
    phones)
  • OR interpreted as Relative Risk
  • lt 1 reduced risk, 1 no risk, gt 1 increased
    risk

6
Meta-analysis overall tumor risk
  • Overall no association between mobile phone use
    tumor risk (OR 0.98 n 23 studies)
  • High research qualityincreased tumor risk
  • govt. or foundation-funded (OR1.17 n 8)
  • Low research qualityreduced tumor risk
  • mostly industry-funded (OR 0.85 n15)

7
Meta-analysis brain tumor risk for 10 years
mobile phone use
  • Overall increased brain tumor risk (OR 1.24 n
    8)
  • High quality increased risk Hardell (OR
    1.54 n 4)
  • Low quality no risk Interphone (OR 1.00 n
    4)

8
Meta-analysis lessons learned
  • Know
  • Increased brain tumor risk for 10 years
  • Results vary
  • Research quality
  • Research group
  • 19942004
  • Dont Know?
  • Longer durations
  • Heavier use
  • Children teens
  • 2005 and beyond
  • Other tumors health risks

9
Interphone study
  • 13 nation case-control study
  • funded by World Health Org. Industry (25
    million)
  • 2010 - overall results for 2 brain tumors
    reported
  • meningioma (n 2,409) and glioma (n 2,708)
  • 2000-2004 - data collected
  • average lifetime cell phone use lt 100 hours
  • Numerous shortcomings ? bias
  • Reduce estimates of tumor risk

10
Interphone study results
  • Meningioma Risk
  • Any regular use -- reduced risk
  • After bias correction no risk
  • Glioma Risk
  • Any regular use -- reduced risk
  • likely due to bias
  • Heavy use (1,640 hrs) -- increased risk
    (OR1.40)
  • replicates in 44 tests
  • greater after bias correction (OR1.82)
  • Dose-response relationship w/ more years of use
  • after bias correction 10-yr risk (OR2.18)

11
Tumor risk for 10 yrs. cell phone use by study
group tumor type
?
?
?
Relative Risk lt 1 protective, 1 no risk, gt
1 harmful Interphone results from Appendix 2
Table (corrects for bias)
12
Mobile Phone Use in U.S.
2010 -- 293 million subscribers 2.5 hours/
week CTIA, 10/6/10
1985 -- 203,000

13
U.S. government position
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, May 2010
14
Public health policy options
  • U.S. govt. position
  • Cell phones meet safety standards
  • Wait for conclusive evidence
  • Invest in minimal research funding
  • Our position
  • Precautionary principle
  • Harm reduction approach
  • Safe use recommendations
  • Precautionary health warnings
  • Update safety standards
  • Call for major government research funding
    initiative

15
Precautionary Principle
16
Policy Precautionary warnings
HP1207, LD 1706, 124th Maine State Legislature,
2009-2010 An Act To Create the Children's
Wireless Protection Act
17
Policy independent research
18
Contact information
  • Joel M. Moskowitz, Ph.D., Director
  • Center for Family and Community
  • School of Public Health
  • University of California, Berkeley
  • jmm_at_berkeley.edu
  • A CDC Center for Health Promotion
  • and Disease Prevention Research
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