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ECG Dysrhythmias

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ECG Dysrhythmias Updated March 2006: D. Tucker, RPh, BCPS Overview ECG waveforms Normal sinus rhythm Asystole Bradycardia Ventricular fibrillation Ventricular ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ECG Dysrhythmias


1
ECG Dysrhythmias
  • Updated March 2006 D. Tucker, RPh, BCPS

2
Overview
  • ECG waveforms
  • Normal sinus rhythm
  • Asystole
  • Bradycardia
  • Ventricular fibrillation
  • Ventricular tachycardia

3
ECG Rhythm Strip
  • Electrocardiogram or ECG is used to measure the
    activity of the heart
  • ECG is used to represent the conduction of
    electrical impulses from the atria to the
    ventricles
  • ECG is used to characterize rhythms and
    conduction abnormalities of the heart

4
ECG Waveforms
P Wave Electrical activation (depolarization) of the right then left atrium due to discharge from the sinoatrial (SA) node
PR Segment Passage of the impulse through the atrioventricular (AV) node and bundle of HIS
QRS Complex Electrical depolarization of the ventricles
ST Segment Plateau phase
T Wave Repolarization of the ventricle
U Wave Repolarization of the HIS-Purkinje system
5
ECG Waveforms
6
Normal Sinus Rhythm
  • Normal impulse conduction through the heart
  • Normal sinus rhythm (NSR) is the standard against
    which all other rhythms are compared
  • NRS contains no ectopic or aberrant beats

7
ECG Rhythms
  • Normal sinus rhythm

8
ECG Rhythms
  • Asystole
  • Bradycardia
  • Ventricular fibrillation
  • Ventricular tachycardia

9
Asystole
  • Asystole is a cardiac standstill, i.e., flatline
  • Asystole is the absence of electrical activity in
    the venticles
  • Asystole usually results from a prolonged period
    of cardiac arrest without resuscitation
  • Asystole usually means the patients life has
    ended

10
ECG Rhythms
  • Ventricular asystole

11
Bradycardia
  • Bradycardia is when the heart is lt 60
    beats/minute or when the heart rate is slower
    than expected
  • Sinus bradycardia usually occurs as a response to
    a reduced demand for blood flow
  • Signs and symptoms might include
  • Chest pain, shortness of breath
  • Hypotension, pulmonary edema, congestive heart
    failure

12
ECG Rhythms
  • Sinus bradycardia

13
Ventricular Fibrillation
  • Ventricular fibrillation (VF) occurs as a result
    of electrical impulses coming from multiple
    ectopic pacemaker in the ventricles
  • VF results in no cardiac output as a result of
    producing no effective ventricular contractions
  • With VF the ventricular muscle quivers instead of
    contracting

14
ECG Rhythms
  • Ventricular fibrillation

15
Ventricular Tachycardia
  • Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a result of 3 or
    more ventricular contractions occur earlier than
    expected resulting in a ventricular rate of gt10
    beats/minute
  • VT usually preceeds VF
  • Causes of VT include myocardial ischemia, heart
    failure, drug toxicity from procainamide,
    quinidine, or cocaine

16
ECG Rhythms
  • Ventricular tachycardia

17
Name TheseECG Rhythms
C
A
D
E
B
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