The End of World War II and its Impact on World Affairs

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The End of World War II and its Impact on World
Affairs
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End of WWII

• Things were bleak for Europe.
• Germany had taken over Poland, Austria, Denmark,
  Norway, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands,
  Czechoslovakia, France and many other nations.
• The Soviet Union, Japan, and Italy had allied
  with Germany to form the Axis Powers.

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End of WWII Continued

• Japan will attack Pearl Harbor, the US naval base
  located in Hawaii.
• This will lead to the USA jumping in and
  supplying troops to fight the war.
• Our troops will revitalize Europes forces and be
  one factor for the Allied victory.

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End of WWII Europe

• Hitler will turn on the Soviet Union, causing
  them to join the Allies.
• The Big 3, Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union), Franklin
  D. Roosevelt (U.S.A.), and Winston Churchill
  (Great Britain) will form a union and fight
  together to defeat the Axis Powers.

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End of WWII Europe

• The Soviets will push Germany in from the East,
  and the U.S.A., Britain, and what was left of
  Frances forces will push in from the West.

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End of WWII Europe

• The Soviets were the first to discover the Death
  Camps in Germany and make reports that will shock
  the world.
• It is generally accepted that on April 30, 1945,
  Adolf Hitler committed suicide with his new wife
  Eva Braun in a bunker during the Battle for
  Berlin.

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End of WWII V-E Day

• V-E Day (Victory in Europe day) was May 7 and 8
  1945. These are the two days that the
  unconditional surrender of the Axis Powers in
  Europe were accepted and signed.
• The War in Europe was officially over.

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End of WWII Nuclear War

• New technology will be used by the U.S.A. as a
  show of force to end the war with Japan in the
  Pacific.

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End of WWII Nuclear War

• In order to bring the war to an end quickly,
  President Harry S. Truman, decided that a show of
  extreme force would end the fighting.
• On August 6, 1945, Little Boy was dropped on
  Hiroshima.
• The U.S.A. then gave Japan an ultimatum,
  unconditional surrender by the Japanese or there
  would be a second nuclear attack.
• On August 9, 1945, with Japan failing to
  surrender, a second nuclear bomb called Fat Man
  was dropped on Nagasaki.
• On August 15, 1945, Japan surrendered to the
  Allies.

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End of WWII Hiroshima
Hiroshima Model Before Bombing
Hiroshima Model After Bombing
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End of WWII Hiroshima

• The ruins of Hiroshima smolder one day after the
  atomic bomb called Little Boy was dropped on
  August 6, 1945.

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End of WWII Hiroshima
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End of WWII Nagasaki
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End of WWII Nagasaki
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End of WWII The Rise of Superpowers

• At the end of the war, there will be two clear
  Superpowers The United States of America and the
  Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.).
• A superpower is a country that has the highest
  level of influence on world politics and has a
  very strong military.
• Although the USA and Soviet Union were friends
  during WWII, after the war they are enemies.

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End of WWIIA Divided Germany

• At the end of the war it was difficult to decide
  what to do with Germany.
• They were accused of starting two world wars and
  Britain and France did not want to be invaded
  again.
• The solution was to divide Germany, but how?
• Germany was divided into Eastern (Communist) and
  Western Germany (Democracy).Berlin Wall.

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End of WWIIA Divided Germany

• The Soviets had lost millions of troops in the
  war and wanted some control over the outcome.
• The U.S.A. felt the need for representation if
  the Soviets were involved. They feared the spread
  of communism (the Soviets new economy and form of
  government).
• Britain and France also wanted in, but really
  were in no shape to control anything other than
  rebuilding themselves.
• Germany was divided into four quarters, but the
  U.S.A. would control all three sections for the
  Allies.

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End of WWII East West Germany
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End of WWII East West Berlin

• The capital of Germany was Berlin, and once they
  divided the nation, it fell on the Soviet
  controlled East Germany side.
• As a compromise, the city of Berlin was divided
  into East and West Berlin.
• West Berlin was controlled by the U.S.A.
• East Berlin was controlled by the Soviet Union.

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End of WWII Beginnings of the Cold War

• The debate over the division of Germany would be
  the first of many problems between the Soviets
  and the U.S.A.
• Following the war, the Soviets also developed an
  atomic bomb.
• Now the two world superpowers both had nuclear
  weapons.

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Cold War

• The Cold War was a time period when
  non-cooperation between the two major world
  Superpowers, the USA and the Soviet Union, that
  caused a fear of nuclear war.

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Cold War

• With the two superpowers at odds, the rest of the
  world felt the pressure to take sides.
• There became a clear division between the
  non-communist nations of NATO and the communist
  nations that became members of the Warsaw Pact.
• These two organizations (NATO and the Warsaw
  Pact) were alliances between countries on either
  side.

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Cold War The World Takes Sides
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Cold War Politics

• West Germany developed a capitalist economy and a
  democratic government modeled after the U.S.A.
• East Germany developed a communist economy and
  government modeled after the U.S.S.R.

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Cold War Politics

• Communism is an economic system and form of
  government in which the government makes all of
  the decisions as to what will be produced, how it
  will be produced, and for whom it will be
  produced.
• Capitalism is an economic system in which
  individuals decide what to produce, how to
  produce, and for whom to produce.
• Democracy is a form of government in which the
  people control the government by voting.

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Cold War The Berlin Wall

• In 1961 the Soviets built the Berlin wall to
  divide East Germany from West Germany.
• Anyone who tried to cross the wall would be shot.

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Cold War The Berlin Wall
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Cold War The Berlin Wall

• The Berlin Wall became the symbol for the Iron
  Curtain.
• The Iron Curtain is the term for the imaginary
  border between the communist nations and the
  members of NATO.

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Cold War Proxy Wars

• During the Cold War the U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R.
  never technically fought each other, there were
  several almost events between the two.
• These include the Cuban Missile Crisis.
• Quite often the two nations avoided fighting
  directly and encouraged other nations to fight
  each other instead.
• These proxy wars are the reason nations like
  Iraq, Iran, Syria, and Afghanistan have the
  military training and technology that they do.

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Cold War And the Wall Comes Tumbling Down

• After decades of failure to cooperate, under
  U.S.A. President Ronald Regan and U.S.S.R.
  Premier the two nations began to have
  communications.
• The U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R. leaders before these
  two men had not met regularly to speak in person.
• These two leaders began a relationship that sped
  up the end of the Soviet Union and the eventual
  fall of communism as we knew it.

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Cold War And the Wall Comes Tumbling Down
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Cold War And the Wall Comes Tumbling Down

• Under Mikhail Gorbachev, the Soviet Unions form
  of communism ended.
• The fall of the Berlin Wall in August of 1989
  became the symbol of the fall of communism in
  Europe and the end of the Cold War.

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Cold War And the Wall Comes Tumbling Down
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Cold War And the Wall Comes Tumbling Down

• After the fall of the Berlin Wall, Germans from
  East Berlin/Germany could finally travel across
  the border into West Berlin/Germany freely.
• This was the beginning of the reunification of
  East and West Germany.
• The two parts of Germany had been divided since
  the end of World War II in 1945.

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Cold War One Germany

• The newly reformed Germany has struggled to
  reshape itself into one nation again.
• Though people were happy with the event, the
  difficulties of bringing former East Germanys
  infrastructure up to West German standards has
  taken a long time.
• Today, the reunification is considered to be a
  success.