Development of IPv6-IPv4 Translation Mechanisms for SIP-based VoIP Applications - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Development of IPv6-IPv4 Translation Mechanisms for SIP-based VoIP Applications

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Development of IPv6-IPv4 Translation Mechanisms for SIP-based VoIP Applications Advisor: Dr. Kai-Wei Ke Speaker: Wei-Ying Huang Outline Introduction BIA BIS SLT SIPv6 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Development of IPv6-IPv4 Translation Mechanisms for SIP-based VoIP Applications


1
Development of IPv6-IPv4 Translation Mechanisms
for SIP-based VoIP Applications
  • Advisor Dr. Kai-Wei Ke
  • Speaker Wei-Ying Huang

2
Outline
  • Introduction
  • BIA
  • BIS
  • SLT
  • SIPv6 Translator
  • Implementation

3
Introduction
  • SIP VoIP application is an important driving
    force to promote IPv6.
  • This paper presents the deployment of two
    IPv6-IPv4 translation mechanisms (i.e.,
    Socket-layer Translator and SIPv6 Translator) for
    SIP VoIP applications.

4
IPv4/IPv6 Transition Mechanisms
  • Dual Stack
  • Reduce the cost invested in transition by running
    both IPv4/IPv6 protocols on the same machine .
  • Tunneling
  • Reduce the cost in wiring by re-using current
    IPv4 routing infrastructures as a virtual link.
  • Translation
  • Allow IPv6 realm to access the rich contents
    already developed on IPv4 applications

5
Dual Stack
  • Dual stack hosts run both the IPv4 and the IPv6
    in Network Layer.

6
Tunneling
7
Translation
  • Translation Mechanism is used when the IPv4
    network connects to IPv6 network

8
Translation (cont)
  • Install between the IPv4 network and IPv6
    network.
  • NAT-PT (Network Address Translation and Protocol
    Translation)
  • ALG (Application-Level-Gateway)
  • SIIT (Stateless IP/ICMP Translation)
  • Install on host computer
  • BIS (Bump-In-the-Stack)
  • BIA (Bump-In-the-Application)

9
BIA (Bump-in-the-API)
  • Allows the dual stack hosts to communicate with
    other IPv6 hosts using existing IPv4
    applications.
  • Provides the translation method between the IPv4
    APIs and IPv6 APIs.
  • The goal is simply achieved without IP header
    translation.

10
BIA (cont)
  • The BIA technique inserts an API translator
    between the socket API module and the TCP/IP
    module in the dual stack hosts.

11

Components of BIA

12
Components of BIA (cont)
  • Function Mapper
  • It translates an IPv4 socket API function into an
    IPv6 socket API function.
  • Name Resolver
  • It returns a proper answer in response to the
    IPv4 application's request.
  • Address Mapper
  • It internally maintains a table of the pairs of
    an IPv4 address and an IPv6 address.

13
Behavior of BIA
  • ---gt A DNS message for name resolving created by
    the applications and the name resolver in the API
    translator.
  • gt An IPv4 address request to and reply from
    the address mapper for the name resolver and the
    function mapper.
  • gt Data flow by socket API functions created by
    the applications and the function mapper in the
    API translator.

14

15

16

17
BIS (Bump-in-the-Stack)
  • Between a TCP/IPv4 module and network card driver
    modules and translate IPv4 into IPv6 and vice
    versa.

18
Components of BIS

19
Components of BIS (cont)
  • Translator
  • It translates IPv4 into IPv6 using the IP
    conversion mechanism
  • Extension Name Resolver
  • This action is the same as Name Resolver in BIA
  • Address mapper
  • This action is the same as Address mapper in BIA

20
SLT (Socket-layer Translator)
  • BIS and BIA can successfully translate NAT
    friendly protocols (e.g. HTTP and TELNET)
  • Both of them only process the network-layer and
    transport-layer header information.
  • Some protocols such as FTP and SIP contain IP
    address and port information in the
    application-layer headers

21
SLT (cont)
  • The SLT translates NAT friendly protocols by
    redirecting IPv4 socket functions to IPv6.
  • For non-NAT friendly protocols (e.g., FTP and
    SIP), we implement Application Layer Gateways
    (ALGs) and ALG Manager.
  • ALGs and ALG Manager allow the dual-stack hosts
    to access IPv6 resources through IPv4
    applications without any modification.

22
Components of SLT

23
Components of SLT (cont)
  • BIA Component
  • Operates the same functions as the BIA mechanism
  • ALG-Manager
  • The ALG-Manager forwards the parameters to
    SIP-ALG or FTP-ALG by port number.

24
Components of SLT (cont)
  • FTP-ALG
  • Translate both IP/port information in the FTP
    messages and the FTP commends.

25
Components of SLT (cont)
  • SIP-ALG
  • The SIP-ALG modifies IP address and port number
    information in SIP From, To, Via, Contact header
    fields and Session Description Protocol (SDP) c
    and m fields.

26
Comparison of Transition Mechanisms

27
SIPv6 Translator
  • Problem SIP UA cannot directly communicate with
    IPv4-based SIP UA.

28
Components of SIPv6 Translator
  • NIC (Network interface controllers)
  • One NIC connects to IPv6 networks and the other
    connects to IPv4 networks.
  • Packet Forwarding Engine
  • Intercepts the incoming packets, forwards to the
    NAT-PT Component.
  • Sends the translated packets to the destination
    NICs.

29
Components of SIPv6 Translator (cont)
  • NAT-PT Component
  • Consists of the Stateless IP/ICMP Translation
    (SIIT) component and an IPv6-IPv4 mapping table.
  • Performs IPv6-IPv4 translation for IP and ICMP
    headers.
  • ALG-Manager
  • Dispatches the incoming packet to DNS-ALG and
    SIP-ALG according to the transport port number.
    (Port 53-gtDNS, Port 5060-gtSIP)

30
Components of SIPv6 Translator (cont)
  • DNS-ALG
  • Translates an IPv4 (or IPv6) DNS query to an IPv6
    (or IPv4) DNS query and instructs the NAT-PT
    Component to builds the IPv6-IPv4 mapping.
  • SIP-ALG
  • Translates the IP/port-related fields in the SIP
    and SDP header and instructs the NAT-PT Component
    to builds IPv6-IPv4 mapping.

31
SLT Performance
  • Measure the NCTU SLT performance on FTP
    applications transfer.
  • environment
  • Server vsftpd running on Linux Fedora
  • Client SmartFTP running on Windows XP
  • Network Bandwidth 100Mbps Ethernet
  • Files size 10KB to 2GB

32
Transmission Delay (sec)
33
Transmission Delay with and without NCTU SLT
34
Evaluation of SLT and SIPv6 Translator Deployment
35
SIP/SDP header fields that are checked by SIP
VoIP devices
36
Conclusions
  • Present two IPv6-IPv4 translation mechanisms
    (i.e., SLT and SIPv6 Translator) and their
    deployment.
  • SLT
  • Translate a SIPv4 UA to IPv6 version.
  • SIPv6 Translator
  • Assist the SIPv6 UA to interwork with all SIPv4
    UAs and PSTN gateways on NTP VoIP platform.
  • SLT only translate SIPv4 UA to IPv6 version, but
    maybe can try to translate SIPv6 UA to IPv4
    version in future work.

37
Reference
  • Whai-En Chen Wu, Q Development and Deployment
    of IPv6-Based SIP VoIP Networks IEEE CNF 31-04
    Jan. 2005 Page(s)76 - 79 Digital Object
    Identifier 10.1109/SAINTW.2005.1619982
  • Whai-En Chen, Chia-Yung Su and Yi-Bing Lin.NCTU
    SLT A Socket-layer Translator forIPv6-IPv4
    Translation. Accepted and to appear inIEEE
    Communications Letters.
  • S. Lee, M-K. Shin, Y-J. Kim, E. Nordmark,
    A.Durand. Dual Stack Hosts Using
    Bump-in-the-API(BIA). IETF RFC3338. October
    2002.
  • K. Tsuchiya, H. Higuchi, Y. Atarashi. Dual Stack
    Hosts using the Bump-In-the-Stack Technique
    (BIS). IETF RFC2767. February 2000.

38
NAT-PT
39
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