Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance Systems Initiative May 2005, ITS America Annual Meeting

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Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance
SystemsInitiativeMay 2005, ITS America Annual
Meeting

• Mike Schagrin
• ITS Joint Program Office
• U.S. Department of Transportation

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Why The Concern About Intersections

• In 2003, approximately
• 9500 FATALITIES
• 1,300,000 INJURIES
• 2,600,000 CRASHES
• Cost to society ? 100 Billion

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Intersection Problem Areas Being Addressed

• Stop sign and signal violations

• Gap assistance

• Left turn across path of on-coming traffic

• Stop sign movement assist

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Accident Causal Factors

• Impaired drivers
• Aggressive drivers
• Inexperienced / Elderly drivers
• Obstructed vision (limited sight lines)
• Other (Presence of peds, bicyclers, poor weather,
  etc.)

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Range Of Possible Countermeasures
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CICAS Program Goals

• To develop and demonstrate cooperative
  intersection collision avoidance systems
• To assess the value and acceptance of cooperative
  collision avoidance systems
• To develop and provide tools to support industry
  deployments

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CICAS Program Objectives

• Establish a strong foundation for program
  development and execution
• Develop system designs for prototyping in
  partnership with industry and public agencies
• Develop and evaluate prototype systems
• Demonstrate and quantify effectiveness of
  intersection collision avoidance systems
• Generate industry support for deployment

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CICAS PartnersPublic / Private/Academia
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Progression of CICAS Applications
Complexity, Comprehensiveness
Time
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CICAS Concepts
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Cooperative Violation Countermeasure Concepts

• The basic capability is for the vehicle to
  provide stop sign and traffic signal violation
  warnings
• The intersection could provide an infrastructure
  based countermeasure (e.g., adjust signal timing)
  resulting from the vehicle sending a warning
  notification
• The vehicle could exert some type of vehicular
  control countermeasure

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Cooperative Violation Countermeasure Scenario

• Driver Vehicle Interface (DVI)

• Driver Vehicle Interface (DVI)

• Driver Vehicle Interface (DVI)

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Signal Violation Warning Vehicle
Approaching Example Scenario
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Cooperative Violation Countermeasure Scenario
Current phase Time to phase change
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Areas of RD for Violation Countermeasures
Violation Countermeasures

• Wireless Communication (DSRC)
• Human Factors
• DVI
• Traffic Control Interface
• Threat Assessment
• Positioning Enhancement

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Gap Assist Countermeasure Concept

• Gap assist builds upon the violation concepts and
  technologies and adds stop sign and left turn gap
  assistance
• Countermeasures include both in-vehicle and
  infrastructure-based warnings
• Vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and
  bicyclists are addressed
• Additional vehicle control capabilities will also
  be investigated

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Gap Assist Countermeasure Scenario

• Dynamic Objects

• Geometric Map
• Signal Controller Info
• Differential Correction
• Road Surface Conditions

Infrastructure to Vehicle

• Sensor Fusion

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Dynamic Mapping Example
Vehicle id (can be arbitrary) 1 2 3 M
Distance from intersection in m 15 95 40 97
Lane 1 2 3 10
Speed in mph or m/s 35 37 45 40
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Gap Assist Countermeasure Scenario

• Dynamic Objects

• Geometric Map
• Signal Controller Info
• Differential Correction
• Road Surface Conditions

Infrastructure to Vehicle

• Sensor Fusion

• DVI (gap assist)

Intersection Sensors
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Areas of RD for Gap Assist Countermeasures
Violation Countermeasures
Gap Assist Countermeasures

• Wireless Comm. (DSRC)
• Human Factors
• DVI
• Traffic Control Interface
• Threat Assessment
• Positioning Enhancement

• refinement
• Human Factors
• DVI (gap), DII
• Conflict resolution
• Not Applicable
• Threat Assessment (gap)
• Sensor/data fusion
• Dynamic Intersection Mapping
• refinement

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Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications Research

• Research effort, specifically examining the
  creation of a dynamic intersection mapping
  capability by vehicle to vehicle communications
• Implementation of such a system would require
  significant DSRC market penetration and therefore
  is not envisioned as a near term deployment
  option
• Such a system could extend capability to both
  uninstrumented intersections and other
  non-intersection applications

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CICAS Roadmap
Preparatory Analyses
Prototyping (Violation)
Prototyping (Gap)
DVI
Independent Evaluation
Violation Demo (DVI)
DVI Driver Vehicle Interface
DII Driver Infrastructure Interface