Who are we?

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Who are we?
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XU, Qintian

• General Manager, Huadian Zibo Cogeneration Co.,
  Ltd.
• A former operator, experienced in operating
• 6000 kW units
• 50 MW units
• 125 MW units

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LI, Zheng

• Professor, Dept. of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua
  Uni.
• Director, Tsinghua Clean Energy Research and
  Education Center
• Doing modeling and simulation of CFB, IGCC
• Development of training simulator of CFB power
  plant

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Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion in China

• Prof. Li Zheng
• Director
• Tsinghua BP Clean Energy Research and Education
  Center
• October, 2004

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Comparison of energy mix of China and world in
2002
China World US
Oil 24.6 38 39.8
NG 2.7 24 25.7
Coal 66.5 26 24.3
Nuclr 0.6 6 8.1
Hydro 5.6 6 2.1
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Primary Energy consumption of China in 2003
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Summary of current energy situation

• The total primary energy consumption and
  production were 1165 Mtoe and 1120 Mtoe in 2003,
  respectively
• Coal is still the dominant primary energy,
  accounts for nearly 70 in total energy mix
• Oil import more than 100 Mt, energy security
  worry
• The per capita energy consumption is only half of
  the world average level
• The total power capacity by the end of 2003 385
  GW
• Significantly increasing of energy consumption,
  especially oil, in recent years due to
• - the faster growth of heavy industries
• - upgrade of consumption structure
• - urbanization

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Projection of future energy demand

• The total energy demand in 2020 will range
  1750-2310 Mtoe in terms of different scenarios
• Coal21002900Mt
• Oil400500Mt
• Natural gas 160200 b m3
• Power generation capacity860-950 GW
• In 2050 the total energy demand will be beyond
  3500 Mtoe

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Energy challenges China is facing in the future

• 1.The energy security
• The per capita energy reserves of China are
  very low, especially for the oil and natural gas
• Oil will reach the peak production around 180Mt
  in 2020, after then the production will decrease
• 60 oil and 40 natural gas in 2020 will depend
  on import
• 100Mt coal production new capacity will be
  set-up before 2020

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Energy challenges China is facing in the future

• 2. Energy efficiency improvement
• The energy consumption intensity of GDP of China
  in 2000 was 829toe/million US, 3.15 times of
  world average level and 4.33 times of OECD
  average, attributed to 42 industrial proportion
  in GDP and low value added for most products, and
  low energy efficiency.
• The specific energy consumption for most energy
  intensive products are as 20-50 higher than that
  of the industrial countries.

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Energy challenges China is facing in the future

• 3. Environmental impact of energy pollutant
• The SO2 and NOx pollutant could be 40Mt and 35Mt
  and exceed 16Mt and 19Mt of the pollutant limits,
  respectively, in 2020 if no additional control
  measures will be taken
• China is the second largest CO2 emission country,
  it would increase in the future

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China Power Industry

• Year Capacity Power
  Generation
• GW
  TWh
• 1949 1.85
• 1980 65.86
  300.6
• 1990 137.9
  621.3
• 1995 217
• 1996 236
• 1997 254
• 1998 277
• 1999 294
• 2000 319
  1346.6
• 2001 338.6
  1483.9
• 2002 357
  1620.0
• 2003 385
  1901.0

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Installed power capacity by primary energy
(total 356 GW at the end of 2002)
Nuclear 0.4GW
Hydroel 86GW
Coal fired 266GW
Total installed capacity 356GW
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2002????????????Installed capacity by unit scale
(2002)
lt100 MW, 21
gt300 MW, 46
100-200MW, 16
200-300MW, 17
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The Fast Increase Of Energy Consumption In Recent
Years

• GDP Growth
• 1995-2002 8.9
• 2002-2003 9.1
• Primary energy consumption
• 1995-2002 1.7
• 2002-2003 13.4
• Electricity consumption
• 1995-2002 7.3
• 2002-2003 14.3

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The Fast Increase Of Energy Consumption In Recent
Years

• The energy consumption elasticity of GDP
• 1995-2002 0.2
• 2002-2003 1.47
• The electricity consumption elasticity of GDP
• 1995-2002 0.82
• 2002-2003 1.57

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Severe shortage of electricity supply

• Electricity shortage occurrence in 24 province
  grids
• Unbalanced supply and demand in 35GW of power
  generation capacity

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The measures addressing electric shortage

• Accelerate installation of new power stations by
  2.5-3.3 GW annually
• Increase coal mining capacity
• Close down some factories manufacturing high
  energy intensive products
• Promote construction of new grids and upgrading
  old grids

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Vision of coal utilization in China
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CFB development in ChinaDomestic technologies

• 1980-1990 first RD 50 units of 35-75T/h ,
  learning CFB process
• 1991-2000 develop the CFB theory and design code
  , 200 units of 75-130T/h CFB successfully
  installed
• 2000-2004 developing 400-670T/h demonstration,
  disseminating 75-220T/h widely CFB also the
  first choice for waste incinerator
• 2004- feasibility study supercritical CFB
• Characteristics
• not so sensitive with coal type and fuel size
• Good experience on erosion protection
• Less experience on sulfur capture engineering

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CFB development in Chinaimport technologies

• 1992 Harbin Boiler as sub-contractor of
  Alhstrom to manufacture 220t/h CFB
• 1996 Neijiang imported 400t/ h CFB from Alhstrom
• 1996 Dongfang Boiler purchased 220t/h-400t/h CFB
  technology from Foster Wheeler
• 2001 Harbin Boiler purchased 100-150MWe CFB
  technology from EVT
• 2002 Shanghai purchased 100-150MW CFB technology
  from ABB-CE
• 2003 NDRC organized technology transfer of 300
  MWe CFB from Alstom
• Comments
• good experience on boiler island engineering,
• lack of experience on hard coal, ( erosion, ash
  cooling, burnout of carbon)

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Market of CFB in China

• 75-220T/h- More than 400 units in operation,
  more than 200 units is reserved
• 440T/h 20 units is in operation, more than 150
  units are reserved
• 670T/h 2 units are reserved
• 900T/h 15 units are reserved
• Supercritical CFB in feasibility stage

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A brief introduction to Huadian Zibo
Cogeneration Company, Ltd.

• Xu Qintian
• General Manager
• Huadian Zibo Cogeneration Co. Ltd.
• Oct. 26, 2004
• Indiana, PA, US

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History and present installed capacity

• Built in 1952
• 1969, 160MW, closed on 1999
• 1996, 290MW (2x65MW)
• 2003, 2x135MW CFB units
• Present 447MW (4 units 2x1352x88.5)

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Organization Chart
General manager
Deputy managers, Chief engineer
administration
Logistics community
Heat service
boiler
turbine
I C
chemical
fuel
electric
operation
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Statistical Data

• Total employee 1095
• 240 operators, 4 shifts
• 6 workshops 1 heating service company
• Boiler, turbine, electric, control, chemical
  plant, fuel
• Heating service company industrial residence
• Logistics and community
• Hotel, food service, hospital, estate management
  and community management, etc

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New CFB units in Zibo Cogeneration Co., Ltd.
Overview of power plant
Central control room
3 CFB unit
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Parameters of the 2x135 MW reheat CFB boiler
 ?????? live steam flow rate 465t/h  ???????? 13.7MPa
 ??????live steam temp. 540?  ???? 244?
 ??????reheat steam flow 411t/h  ???????? 4.06Mpa
 ??????reheat steam temp. 540?  ???????? 373.8?
 ???????? ?????Aar 36.08,????????Vdaf 14.77 ,??? ?????Qnet.ar 18650 kJ/kg?  ???????? ?????Aar 36.08,????????Vdaf 14.77 ,??? ?????Qnet.ar 18650 kJ/kg?
 ???????????? 7mm,d500.6mm,dlt200um???25?  ???????????? 7mm,d500.6mm,dlt200um???25?
 ????boiler width 13880mm  ????boiler depth 7220mm
 ??????2nd column width 11930mm  ??????2nd column depth 5800mm
 ???????drum elevation 49360mm  ???????maximum elevation 55000mm
Manufactured by Harbin Boiler Company, Ltd.
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Some parts of the CFB boiler
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Boiler master control diagram
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Ash cooling systems
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Flue gas system
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Training simulation center
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Problems encountered in operation

• Unstable coal supplies
• Have to use different coals from time to time
• Erosion
• Mainly in the conjunction part of refractory and
  water wall
• Protection shield and coating helps a lot
• Blocking of ash removing system
• Mainly related with burning of high ash content
  coal
• High carbon content in flyash
• Breakdown of refractory

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Thoughts of cooperation in CFB field

• To set up a platform to enhance China-US
  communication and cooperation in industrial level
  on CFB field
• Three layers of possible cooperation
• Communication contacts, personnel visits
  exchange, , to help understand culture, general
  energy situation, structure of industry and
  running manner
• Experience exchange in CFB operation,
  maintenance, equipment procurement,
• Future business development in both countries

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END

• It is our sincere hope to set up good connections
  with ARRIPA and all associated plants.
• Welcome to Zibo!