Foam Fractionation versus Ozone Contacting:

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Foam Fractionation versus Ozone Contacting

• Impacts on Water Quality in a Natural Seawater
  System
• R. Phillips, E. Kingsley, S. Mansergh R. Weber
• Monterey Bay Aquarium

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Outer Bay Exhibit

• Opened in 1995
• 1.2 million gallons (4,540 m3)
• 21 m long 9 m wide11 m deep

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Outer Bay Life Support System
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Outer Bay Exhibit Turbidity
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Pilot-Scale System
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Pilot-Scale System
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Pilot-Scale Testing Parameters
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Water Quality Parameters

• Turbidity (mNTU)
• Bacterial Densities
• Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP)
• Residual Ozone
• Hypobromite Bromate
• Free Chlorine (DPD)
• Dissolved Oxygen
• pH

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Contactor. Change in Turbidity vs. Ozone Dose
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Fractionator. Change in Turbidity vs. Ozone Dose
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Bacterial Densities

• Heterotrophic Plate Counts on Marine Agar
• Live cells, underestimates population
• Flow Cytometry
• Live and dead cells, double-stranded DNA stain
• Sodium Thiosulfate added to sterile sample
  bottles to neutralize residual oxidants
• Log10 Reduction
• Log10 exhibit SW Log10 treated SW
• Log10 reduction of 1 1 order of magnitude

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Contactor. Log10 Reduction of Bacteria (HPC) vs.
Ozone Dose
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Fractionator. Log10 Reduction of Bacteria (HPC)
vs. Ozone Dose
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Change in ORP vs. Ozone Dose
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Hypobromite vs. Ozone Dose
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Free Chlorine vs. Ozone Dose
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Hypobromite vs. Free Chlorine
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ORP and Hypobromite
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Summary of Results
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Acknowledgements

• Mark Fisher and John Overby, Ozone Water Systems,
  Inc.
• Jeffrey Keaffaber, JK Associates, Inc.
• Michael Alden, Bechman Coulter
• MBA Facilities and Husbandry Staff
• Monterey Bay Aquarium

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Outline

• The Outer Bay Exhibit
• Turbidity patterns in the OB system
• Pilot-scale testing of an ozone contactor and a
  foam fractionator
• Water quality results from pilot-scale testing
• Summary

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Hypobromite Bromate

• O3 Br- ? O2 OBr- (Hypobromite)
• 2 O3 OBr- ? 2 O2 BrO3- (Bromate)

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Total Particle Counts 0.6-20.0 um
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Total Organic Carbon
Ozone Contactor
Foam Fractionator
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Bromate vs. Ozone Dose
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Pilot-Scale System
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Contactor Fractionator
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Pilot-Scale System
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Design Criteria Water Quality
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Ozone Contactor and Deaeration Tower
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Deaeration Tower

• Designed for 10,000 gpm at a velocity of 0.084
  ft/sec.
• Modify existing distributors
• Possibly add perf distribution plate at media
  surface
• Replace Nupak 4 with Brentwood media

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Deaeration Tower Blowers
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