Major Fuel Oil Leak Watchstander

1
Main Space Fire Doctrine
MSFD
and the Damage Control Assistant
2
General Guidance

• A Plan of Action that provides the Guidelines to
  contain and extinguish a Main Space Fire
• Each ship shall develop a Main Space Fire
  Doctrine (MSFD) IAW Section 10, NSTM 555
• Guidance for Gas Turbine and Diesel Engine
  enclosures, including Class specific information
  for MSO, MCM and MHC is found in Section 8,
  NSTM 555.

3
General Guidance

• Type Commander Joint Instruction designed to
  assist ships in developing own Doctrine
  COMNAVSURFLANTINST 3541.1C CH-1 /
  COMNAVSURFPACINST 3541.4B
• Doctrine inserted in Chapter 4 of Repair Party
  Manual

4
Preparation/Administration

• Procedures for Underway Auxiliary C
  old Iron
• Isolation Checklist Fire Boundaries Smoke
  Boundaries Ventilation Mechanical
  Electrical

5
Main Space Fire Prevention

• Properly stow and protect all combustibles
• Test and inspect flammable liquid systems after
  repair - QA!
• EDUCATE all personnel in the reduction
  of fire hazards and maintain an effective
  Training Program

6
Main Space Fire Prevention

• ENFORCE fire prevention policies and
  practices (1) Flange Shields (2)
  Lagging (3) Strainer Shields (4)
  Sounding Tube Caps (5) Flammable Liquid
  Leaks (6) Ventilation (7)
  Uptakes (8) EOP

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Standard Assumptions During Training

• Effective mechanical / electrical isolation
  achieved
• Fire contained within a single machinery space
• Remote controls / shut downs available / working
• Communications established and effective
• Firemain system intact with adequate water supply
• DC supplies are adequate
• DC deck is tenable and DCRS are manned
• Personnel are trained and know their ship

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Fires Rarely Follow the Standard Scenario

• Local and remote fuel shut down controls not
  accessible
• Access hatches remained open and/or were not
  approachable
• DC Deck not tenable, Repair 5 evacuated
• Normal communications lost

Your ships training program should include more
challenging scenarios when basic drills
are mastered!
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Summary of Action Flammable Liquid Leak

• An oil leak which forms a spray can ignite
  when it comes in contact with any hot surface or
  equipment capable of arcing.
• Rapid securing of the oil source and the
• use of AFFF to cover the liquid surface
• will greatly reduce the risk of fire.

10
Summary of Action Flammable Liquid Leak /
Watchstander

• Report leak
• Deflect leak away from heat sources
• Isolate Source of leak
• Secure equipment near leak
• Use AFFF bilge sprinkling (1 MIN)
• Set Negative Ventilation
• Shoulder EEBDs

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!! WARNING !!
NSTM 555 Vol 1 contains warnings regarding H2S
release during hose reel and bilge
sprinkler use If rotten egg odor is
detected, personnel NOT wearing breathing
apparatus SHOULD evacuate the space.
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Summary of Action Flammable Liquid Leak / EOOW

• Report leak to OOD request GQ
• Direct action IAW EOCC
• Order AFFF station manned
• Order additional equipment started to maintain
  firemain, electrical power, propulsion

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Summary of Action Flammable Liquid Leak / OOD
Underway

• Sound General Quarters
• Maneuver ship to limit smoke accumulation in case
  of fire and minimize rolling
• Ship Command and Control
• Keep CO and other ships informed on
  status of leak and plant status

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Summary of Action Flammable Liquid Leak / CDO
Inport

• Sound General Quarters?
• Proceed to a central location (Quarterdeck / CCS
  / DC Central)
• Consider off-ship assets (RA and Fire Dept.)
• Be familiar with DCAs MSFD checklist (will be
  completed by EDO)

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Summary of Action Flammable Liquid Leak
An oil spray fire resulting from the ignition
of atomized flammable liquids SHOULD NOT be
attacked! Life threatening conditions created by
extreme heat, smoke and toxic gases can occur,
especially on the upper level, in a few
seconds.
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Summary of Action Class B Fire / Watchstander

• Report B fire to EOOW
• Fight fire as directed by Space Supervisor
  using PKP, AFFF hose reel, bilge
  sprinkling
• Secure machinery in affected space IAW EOCC

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Summary of Action Class B Fire EOOW

• Report B fire to OOD and request GQ
• Start equipment to maintain firemain, electrical
  power, and propulsion
• Order Bilge sprinkling activated until bilge fire
  is out
• Order fire and smoke boundaries set in
  surrounding spaces

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Summary of Action Class B Fire EOOW

• Set Positive ventilation in surrounding spaces
• Order affected space machinery secured
• Order mechanical electrical isolation
• EXCEPT
• Lighting
• Ventilation
• Firefighting equipment

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Summary of Action Class B Fire EOOW

• Establish comms with Repair Locker and DC Central
  
• Update OOD on plant status and limitations

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Summary of Action Class B Fire / OOD

• No Changes

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Summary of Action Class B Fire / CDO Inport

• Proceed to Quarterdeck / DC Central and establish
  comms
• Request assistance from Fire Dept. / RA
• DCAs MSFD checklist - receive reports from Duty
  Engineer
• Direct other personnel to the locker as necessary

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Summary of Action Class B Fire

• Fire is considered OUT OF CONTROL when
• Occupies a Large Area
• Fuel source is NOT securable
• Fire threatens fire fighters escape route
• Large amounts of smoke hinder visibility
• Time permitting, secure propulsion plant, don
  SEED/EEBD and evacuate

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Summary of Action Class B Fire Out of Control /
Watchstander

• Activate Halon and AFFF bilge sprinkling
• Evacuate space (SEED / EEBD)
• Isolate space and contain fire and smoke

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Summary of Action Class B Fire Out of Control

• Fire Boundaries - concentrate on vertical fire
  spread
• Smoke boundaries (Fume tight boundary)
• Space watchstanders report to designated muster
  point / senior individual make report of
  conditions to Repair 5 RPL

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Summary of Action Class B Fire Out of Control /
R5 RPL

• Following space evacuation, order bilge
  sprinkling secured after 1-4 minutes
• Muster evacuees receive report / pass
  information received to OSL, DCA
• Verify space evacuation and mechanically isolate
  firefighting equipment

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Summary of Action Class B Fire DCA / EOOW
Turnover

• Plant Status
• Status of Mechanical / Electrical Isolation
• Status and location of leak
• Status and location of fire
• AFFF Bilge sprinkling and Halon activation times
• Status of space evacuation and casualties
  remaining in fire affected space
• Recommended re-entry route

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This is the DCA! I have assumed control of
firefighting efforts!
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Well, thank God we all made it out in time.
...Course, now were equally screwed.
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Summary of Action Space Re-entry

• Minimum of 2 AFFF hoses with vari-nozzles charged
  and manned
• Halon Good (effective)? - Wait at least 15
  Minutes
• Halon Bad (ineffective)? - Enter space as soon as
  possible following completion of mechanical
  isolation - SECOND shot of Halon?
• Buffer Zone, Active Desmoking?

30
Summary of Action Space Re-entry

• Prior to re-entry, activate AFFF bilge sprinkling
  for 2 additional minutes
• Select re-entry access which is not obstructed by
  fire
• Mech Isolation must be complete, Elec Isolation
  may be in progress
• Extinguish fire, Report fire out, Post reflash
  watch

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Vertical Trunk Entry

• Advantages
• Protection from fire, heat, smoke and combustible
  gases as they spread upward
• Eliminates the spread of heat, smoke and
  combustible gases onto the DC Deck

32
Vertical Trunk Entry

• Advantages
• Allows entry and attack from a more tenable
  location - descent through thermal layer no
  longer required
• Reduced possibility of Backdraft explosion
• Limit spread of smoke

33
Vertical Trunk Entry

• Disadvantages
• Firefighters unable to use their hands when
  exiting space due to burns
• Risk of falling
• Risk of fire and smoke entering trunk
• Difficulties involved with extracting
  incapacitated personnel from escape trunk

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EXTENSION LANYARD
RAIL EXTENSION ASSEMBLY
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Post Fire Space Overhaul

• Final Extinguishment
• Desmoke Space
• Installed Ventilation may be used with minimal
  risk if Fire extinguished /
  overhauled Fuel source secured Space
  allowed to cool Electrical system not
  damaged AFFF Bilge sprinkling operated All
  fuel flushed into bilges

42
Post Fire Space Overhaul

• Desmoke Space
• Installed Ventilation
• Circuit breakers and other protective devices
  found tripped shall be left until extent of
  damage can be assessed
• Operate on fast for 15 minutes
• Portable Blowers (in conjunction w/ Active
  desmoking)
• Positive pressure from adjacent spaces

43
Post Fire Space Overhaul

• Test Atmosphere
• Refer to NSTM 074 Vol. 3
• Oxygen, Explosives
• Toxics
• Hydrocarbons
• Carbon Dioxide
• Carbon Monoxide
• Hydrogen Chloride
• Hydrogen Cyanide
• Hydrogen Fluoride (when Halon Used)

44
Post Fire Space Overhaul

• Dewater
• Refer to NSTM 079 Vol. 2
• May be required simultaneously with firefighting
• Reman Space

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COMNAVSURFLANTINST 3541.1C CH-1 COMNAVSURFPACINST
3541.4B
6 MAY 92
c. Damage Control Assistant (DCA)
Initial actions ______ Request report from the
EOOW, and take control of fire fighting efforts
if/when the space is evacuated. ______ Obtain
from the Affected Damage Control Repair Station
Leader or EOOW the time Halon 1301 and bilge
sprinkling system, if installed, were
activated. Report to OOD concerning the status
of evacuees from the space. ______ Verify Halon
activation and discharge. Time of Halon
activation (if installed) ________________ N
OTE If primary Halon does not extinguish the
fire, make sure Secondary Halon activated (if
installed). Concurrent Actions ______ Make sure
investigators are deployed. ______ Make sure fire
and smoke boundaries are set. ______ Make sure
adequate firemain pressure is maintained by
starting additional firepumps or rigging P-250
pumps as required. NOTE Maintain a minimum of
100 PSI if more than three lengths of hose are
used with P-250 pumps.
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COMNAVSURFLANTINST 3541.1C CH-1 COMNAVSURFPACINST
3541.4B
c. Damage Control Assistant (DCA)
______ Order electrical isolation of the affected
space with the exception of lighting. NOTE Som
e ship classes may not be able to perform
complete electrical isolation of all
equipment without isolating lighting. In
cases where this exists, the ship shall isolate
all equipment to include lighting. Although
keeping lighting on during firefighting is
preferred, complete electrical isolation of all
other equipment is a priority. ______ Order
mechanical isolation of the affected
space. ______ Order DCRSs other than affected
DCRS to provide OBA reliefs, relief or back- up
hose teams, or equipment as required. ______ Deter
mine effectiveness of primary/secondary
Halon ______ If Halon effective, allow space to
cool as long as possible before reentry, but not
less than 15 minutes from time of Halon
discharge. ______ If Halon is not installed or
appears to have been ineffective in extinguishing
the fire, re-entry should be attempted as
quickly as possible after the space has been
evacuated and mechanically isolated. NOTE
Where installed, activate AFFF overhead
sprinkling for 2 minutes before reentry if
Halon is ineffective.
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COMNAVSURFLANTINST 3541.1C CH-1 COMNAVSURFPACINST
3541.4B
c. Damage Control Assistant (DCA)
______ Check firemain pressure. ______ Instruct
back-up fire party to report to DCRS 5
officer. Reentry actions ______ Make sure
mechanical isolation is complete and electrical
isolation is in progress. NOTE The scene
leader will decide whether or not to secure
lighting. ______ Order AFFF bilge/overhead
sprinkling activated for 2 minutes prior to
reentry. ______ Order space reentry. ______ Report
time of reentry to OOD. ______ Report when the
fire is under control. ______ Order desmoking
procedures. CAUTION ACCORDING TO NSTM 555, FOR
SHIPS NOT EQUIPPED WITH INSTALLED HALON
OR BILGE SPRINKLING SYSTEMS, THE SAFEST
WAY TO DESMOKE MACHINERY SPACES IS TO USE
PORTABLE BLOWERS OR POSITIVE VENTILATION
FROM ADJACENT SPACES TO DESMOKE.
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COMNAVSURFLANTINST 3541.1C CH-1 COMNAVSURFPACINST
3541.4B
c. Damage Control Assistant (DCA)
______ Situation permitting, obtain permission to
dewater, as necessary, to remove firefighting
waters so that it does not adversely affect ship
stability or firefighting efforts. CAUTION
ONLY IN THE CASE OF THREATENED SHIP STABILITY
SHOULD DEWATERING OCCUR BEFORE OVERHAUL OF
THE FIRE. IN ANY CASE, DO NOT REMOVE THE
AFFF BLANKET UNTIL AFTER THE FIRE HAS BEEN
OVERHAULED. NOTE The DCA shall
remain knowledgeable of the dewatering
requirements and exemptions stated in OPNAVINST
5090.1A, Environmental and Natural
Resources Program Manual, and in local SOPA
instructions. ______ Report when the fire is
out. ______ Report when reflash watch is
set. ______ Report when the fire is
overhauled. ______ Report when the space is
desmoked. ______ Report when dewatering is
complete. ______ Report when atmospheric tests
are complete and space is safe for
personnel. ______ Direct affected Damage Control
Repair Station to investigate for damage/system
alignment.
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GETTYSBURGINST 3541.1B
6. FIRE BOUNDARIES
COMPARTMENT MAIN ENGINE ROOM NUMBER
1 PRIMARY COMPARTMENT DECK/BLHD FIRE
STA MANNING REP LKR 3-146-0-L AFT
BLHD 2-144-2 5 II 2-149-0-L AFT
BLHD 2-144-2 1-174-0-L DECK 01-188-2
3 II 1-174-1-A DECK (ADD 50 FT
1-178-1-A DECK OF HOSE) 1-188-2-A
DECK 1-196-1-L DECK, INBD BLHD
1-204-1-L DECK, INBD BLHD 01-174-0-L
DECK 01-188-2 1 III 1-220-0-L
FWD BLHD 2-255-2 2 III
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GETTYSBURGINST 3541.1B
7. SMOKE BOUNDARIES
COMPARTMENT MER 1 PRIMARY ACCESS (QAWTD
1-218-2) PRIMARY SECONDARY (INCLUDING BUFFER
ZONE) (OUTSIDE BUFFER ZONE) FITTING
CLASS CURTAIN / FITTING CLASS CURTAIN
/ NUMBER BLANKET NUMBER BLANKET 1-174-2
QAWTD Z CLOSE 1-138-2 QAWTD Z
CLOSE 1-192-2 NTD CLOSE 1-143-2
WTH Z CLOSE 1-218-2 QAWTD Z
CURTAIN 1-143-2 WTS X
CLOSE 1-220-2 QAWTD Z BLANKET 1-169-2
QAWTD CW CLOSE 1-193-2 FTD
CLOSE 1-221-1 QAWTD Z
CURTAIN 1-223-2 NTD
CLOSE 1-223-4 FMTD
CLOSE 1-257-6 NTD
CLOSE 1-258-2 NTD
CLOSE 1-260-2 QAWTD Z
CLOSE 1-260-6 QAWTD Z CLOSE
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GETTYSBURGINST 3541.1B
9. MECHANICAL ISOLATION LIST
COMPARTMENT MER 1, 5-174-0-E PRIMARY
(Isolation performed immediately by Repair Party
Personnel). VALVE LOCATION SYSTEM 2FOS-50A
1-174-6-L (FWD, FR 195) 2A SERVICE TANK
SUCTION 2FOS-50B 1-174-6-L (FWD, FR 196) 2B
SERVICE TANK SUCTION 2FOS-20 1-174-0-L ABOVE
GEAR LKR HEAD TANK GTM SUPPLY 2FOS-38 1-174-0-L
ABOVE GEAR LKR HEAD TANK GTG SUPPLY FOF-18 1-220-
0-L (FLUSH DECK VLV) BLHD C/O TO F/O SERV
FILL FOF-23 1-220-0-L (FLUSH DECK VLV) BLHD C/O
TO F/O SERV SUCT JP5-87 ABOVE DOOR
1-220-1 EMERGENCY JP-5 CUTOUT LOS-51A 1-196-1-L
(CREW LIBRARY) LO FILL AHP-69 1-174-0-L (ACROSS
FROM LKR) HP AIR ISOLATION ALP-433 1-204-1-L
(OVHD LRC FR 220) LP AIR VITAL AIR MAIN
CO ALP-246 1-183-1-Q (OVHD CMC OFF) SHIP SERV
AIR FROM MER 1 BA-16 5-220-0-E (AFT PORT BLHD
L/L) BLEED AIR ISOLATION FWD AFFF-55 1-188-4-L
AFFF CUTOUT HOSEREEL EAD 01-207-1 01-174-0-L
VENT NATURAL SUPPLY W EAD 01-199-1 01-174-0-L
VENT NATURAL SUPPLY X
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GETTYSBURGINST 3541.1B
9. ELECTRICAL ISOLATION LIST
COMPARTMENT MER 1, 5-174-0-E PHASE 1
(PERFORM THE FOLLOWING WHEN ORDERED TO
ELECTRICALLY ISOLATE MER 1). ---REPAIR 5
ELECTRICIAN OPEN THE FOLLOWING BREAKERS
EQUIPMENT CIRCUIT LOCATION LOAD SHED ALARM
PANEL 02-173-1-1VL-U 02-138-0-C CIC 2B
PLCC 3-254-2-1UP-C 3-245-2-Q
UPS BATTERY 3 S/CE 3-254-2-1UP-D 3-2
45-2-Q UPS BATTERY MER 1
RECEPTACLES 1-258-1-1L-A 1-220-3-L ---2
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR OPEN THE FOLLOWING
BREAKERS EQUIPMENT CIRCUIT 2A GTM CLG FAN
(ALT) 2SA-4P-F PP3-213-1 (ALT) 2SA-4P-(3-213-1)
PP3-192-1 (ALT) 2SA-4P-(3-192-1) 2 CRP ELECT
PMP (ALT) 2SA-4P-C
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GETTYSBURGINST 3541.1B
17. OBA RELIEVING PROCEDURES
IN A MAIN SPACE FIRE, PERSONNEL STAY TIMES MAY
BE AS SHORT AS 3-10 MINUTES IN LENGTH. THE
DRIVING FORCE FOR OBA RELIEVING PROCEDURES IS
NOT NECESSARILY GOVERNED BY OBA CANISTER
DURATION BUT BY HEAT INTENSITY IN THE AFFECTED
SPACE. OBA RELIEVING PROCEDURES WILL OCCUR AS
FOLLOWS REPAIR 5 POSITION 1ST RELIEF 2ND
RELIEF 1 NOZZLEMAN REP 2 1 NOZZLEMAN
REP 3 1 NOZZLEMAN 2 NOZZLEMAN REP 2 2
NOZZLEMAN REP 3 2 NOZZLEMAN 1A HOSEMAN
REP 2 1A HOSEMAN REP 3 1A HOSEMAN 1B
HOSEMAN REP 2 1B HOSEMAN REP 3 1B
HOSEMAN 2A HOSEMAN REP 2 2A HOSEMAN
REP 3 2A HOSEMAN 2B HOSEMAN REP 2 2B
HOSEMAN REP 3 2B HOSEMAN TEAM LEADER
REP 2 TEAM LEADER REP 3 TEAM LEADER SCENE
LEADER REP 2 SCENE LEADER REP 3 SCENE
LEADER REP 5 OFFICER REP 2 OFFICER
REP 3 OFFICER
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Review Question

• During the Flammable Liquid Leak/Main Space Fire
  scenario AFFF bilge sprinklers are operated at
  what points?
• Initial discovery of the leak 1 minute
• When the fire breaks out/is discovered 1 minute
• Upon space evacuation 1 to 4 minutes
• Prior to space re-entry 2 minutes

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Review Question

• How should the ventilation be configured in the
  affected engineering space during a Class B
  fire?
• Ventilation in the affected space should be
  NEGATIVE (Unaffected spaces
  surrounding the affected space will be POSITIVE)

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Review Question

• What information should be turned over to the
  Repair 5 Locker Leader from the senior
  watchstander evacuating the engineering space?
• Equipment secured/operating
• Location/size of the flammable liquid leak
• Location/size of the fire
• Was leak isolated?
• Status of personnel
• Status of Halon/AFFF bilge sprinkling
• Recommended re-entry route

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UNIT 5.13
Main Space Fire Doctrine
MSFD
and the Damage Control Assistant