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Suffrage and Feminism

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Belief in human mutuality and progress. Theory of evolutionary ... Anti-suffragist cartoon. Alice Paul (1885-1977) Federal amendment. Congressional Union (1916) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Suffrage and Feminism


1
Suffrage and Feminism
2
Feminism
  • Equal rights
  • Personal freedom
  • Economic independence
  • Emphasis on sameness
  • Sexual emancipation

3
Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935)
  • Leading feminist intellectual
  • Women and Economics, 1898
  • Importance of economic independence
  • Personal experience
  • Cooperative housekeeping
  • Communal kitchens, laundries, childcare centers,
    etc.
  • Psychological toll of dependence
  • Yellow Wallpaper, 1892
  • Attack on the rest cure
  • Belief in human mutuality and progress
  • Theory of evolutionary development

4
Emma Goldman (1869-1940)
  • Escaped arranged marriage by emigrating to
    America
  • Prominent anarchist
  • Edited Mother Earth
  • Criticized the womans movement as too narrow
  • Supported birth control
  • Sexual emancipation
  • Deported during the Red Scare (1919)

5
Red Emma (1893)
6
Suffrage movement, 1870s-1890
  • Recap Major organizational split
  • National Womens Suffrage Association
  • Elizabeth Cady Stanton/Susan B. Anthoy
  • Supported constitutional amendment
  • American Womens Suffrage Association
  • State by state approach
  • New political realism
  • Playing the race card

7
The Disenfranchised
8
Suffrage Movement, 1890s
  • Old leadership dying out
  • Stanton dies in 1906 Anthony in 1910
  • 1890 NAWSA (National American Woman Suffrage
    Association) founded
  • Re-united the movement
  • Movement is re-energized, but also transformed
  • Became more focused, but also more conservative
  • Emphasis on how women could clean up politics
  • Some state victories
  • WY, UT, CO, ID

9
Carrie Chapman Catt (1859-1947)
  • Became head of NAWSA in 1910
  • Reached out to WC/immigrant women
  • 1900-12 6 more states gave win the vote

10
Carrie Chapman Catt (1859-1947)
  • Head of NAWSA

11
Harriot Stanton Blatch (1856-1940)
  • Daughter of ECS
  • Married a Brit
  • Lost citizenship
  • Influence of the Brits
  • 1907 Blatch returned to US and founded the
    Equality League of Self-Supporting Women
  • New, modern political tactics
  • Cross-class alliances

12
Emmeline Pankhurst
13
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17
Anti-suffragist cartoon
18
Alice Paul (1885-1977)
  • Federal amendment
  • Congressional Union (1916)
  • Drew younger, more militant group
  • Conflict with NAWSA
  • Centralized control, demonstrations, pressuring
    the party in power
  • Another split 1916 National Womens Party

19
World War I
  • Prior to the war, many women had supported the
    peace movement
  • 1916 Catt helped found the Womens Peace Party
  • Many women vocally opposed the war
  • Jane Addams
  • But Catt and NAWSA reversed course lent support
    to Wilson
  • If women supported the war effort, the govt could
    no longer refuse to give them the vote
  • NWP continued to denounce Wilson
  • Kaiser Wilson widely viewed as treasonous

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