Zampelas A, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Chrysohoou C, Stefanadis C. Associations between coffee consumption and inflammatory markers in healthy persons: the ATTICA study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:862-7. De Bacquer D, Clays E, Delanghe J, De Backer G.

1
Zampelas A, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C,
Chrysohoou C, Stefanadis C. Associations between
coffee consumption and inflammatory markers in
healthy persons the ATTICA study.Am J Clin
Nutr. 200480862-7.De Bacquer D, Clays E,
Delanghe J, De Backer G. Epidemiological evidence
for an association between habitual tea
consumption and markers of chronic inflammation.
Atherosclerosis. 2006189428-35.
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Background

• Inflammation is important to the development of
  cardiovascular disease (CVD). The effect of
  coffee consumption on the cardiovascular system
  is conflicting.
• Tea consumption has been inversely related to the
  risk of CVD. In vitro and animal model studies
  suggest an anti-oxidative and/or
  anti-inflammatory role of tea.

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Background - Acute phase response
Mononuclear cell
Site of injury
NO
IL-1
IL-1
TNF?
TNF?
Tissue oedema
Stromal cell
TNF?
Pain
Redness
IL-1
Inappetite Depression
IFN?
IL-6
Local response
Liver
Fever
Acute phase proteins (APPs) production
Haematological changes
? Cortisol
Systemic inflammatory response
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Coffee drinking

• Design 1514 men and 1528 women. No history of
  CVD. Blood consentrations of APPs.
• Results Coffee drinkers (gt200 ml/d) vs. nondrin.
  
• C-reactive protein (CRP) higher (plt0.05)
• serum amyloid-A (SAA) higher (plt0.05)
• The findings were significant after control of
  age, sex, smoking, body mass index, physical
  activity status, and other covariates
• Conclusions A relation exists between
  moderate-to-high coffee consumption and increased
  inflammation process. This relation could
  explain, the effect of increased coffee intake on
  the CVD

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Tea drinking

• Design 1031 healthy men in a larger
  cross-sectional study. Blood APPs concentrations.
• Results Tea drinkers were less obese, smoked
  less and drank less alcohol and coffee.
• CRP, SAA and haptoglobin were significantly
  negatively associated with tea consumption.
• Multivariate analysis did confirm the
  independence of the observed beneficial role of
  tea drinking.
• Coffee drinking unrelated to inflammation.
• Conclusion Tea drinking might be of interest in
  reducing the inflammatory process underlying
  cardiovascular disease.

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Casual diagram
APP Conc.
Coffee
CVD risk

CVD risk factors confounders e.g. BMI, sex,
smoking etc.
Inflammatory stimulus
-
CVD risk
APP Conc.
Tea
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Bovine respiratory disease complex - BRD

• BRD is a multifactorial disease complex, caused
  by a variety of etiological agents which acts
  synergistically (viruses, bacteria, mycoplasmas).
• Environmental and husbandry factors as
• well as impaired resistance of calves to
• infections are involved as predisposing factors

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APPs in cattle
Serum amyloid A (SAA)
Haptoglobin
AGP
Albumin
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Material and methods

• Serum samples (40 rearing units, 10 calves from
  unit 400 calves) SAA conc., viral antibodis.
• 1. sampling (acute BRD)
• 2. sampling (after 3-4 week, more chronic BRD)
• Clinical inves., tracheobronchial lavage, weight
  gain between samplings
• Linear mixed models (unit and sampling time as
  random factors), SAA log. transformation, age and
  clinical status of calves controlled in models

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SAA association to weight gain (2. sampling)
factor n coef. p-value
weight-gain (kg) 384 -0.404 0.017
Mean weight gain between to samplings 0.806 (/-
0.336) kg
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Farm factors effect to SAA concentrations during
BRD(1. sampling)
factor n (unit) coef. p-value
draw 0.0 m/s 25
0.1-0.9 m/s 12 0.297 0.019
gt0.9 m/s 3 0.476 0.023
BAV pos. 20 0.371 0.002
BCV pos. 19 0.219 0.052
automatic feeding 16 0.196 0.092
separating sick calves 6 -0.552 0.000
use of floor covers 2 -0.632 0.017
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Farm factors effect to SAA concentrations during
BRD(2. sampling)
factor n (unit) n (unit) coef. p-value
automatic feeding automatic feeding 16 0.446 0.012
PIV-3 pos. PIV-3 pos. 21 0.334 0.054
BRSV PCR pos. BRSV PCR pos. 1 0.511 0.042
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Farm factors effect to SAA concentrations during
BRD(both samplings)
factor n (unit) n (unit) coef. p-value
automatic feeding automatic feeding 16 0.296 0.009
separating sick calves separating sick calves 6 -0.429 0.006
BAV pos. BAV pos. 20 0.215 0.059
PIV-3 pos. PIV-3 pos. 21 0.219 0.048
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Casual diagram
Confounders e.g. Age of calves, clinical
disease, season etc.
Effect of BRD to production
Respiratory infections
SAA Conc.
Farm factors