JICAs Assistance for Disaster Prevention Building a Strong Country Against Disasters

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JICAs Assistance for Disaster Prevention
-Building a Strong Country Against Disasters-
Workshop for Development of Comprehensive
Strategies for Safer Housing for Earthquakes
in Developing Countries focusing
on Conventional Houses

• 12 October 2005

Masafumi NAGAISHI Team Director, Disaster
Management Team, Group III (Water Resources and
Disaster Management), Global Environment
Department, JICA
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Contents
1. JICAs Assistance in Disaster Prevention 2.
Current Trend of Assistance in Disaster
Prevention 3. Example of JICAs Assistance in
the Past Performance and in the On-going
Projects (1)Mexico (CENAPRED Project)
(2)Peru (CISMID Project) (3)a series of
assistance in Turkey (4)El Salvador
(South-South Cooperation) 4. JICAs Approach to
Effective Assistance in Disaster
Prevention 5. JICAs Organization
(1)Issue-based Department (2)On-going Project
in charge of Disaster Management Team
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• JICAs Assistance in Disaster Prevention
• - Disaster Management Cycle -

• JICAs Assistance Corresponding to
• Disaster
  Management Cycle (DMC)

Preparation for Disaster (Development Studies,
Grant Aid, Tech. Coop. Projects)
Disaster Impact
Preparedness
Mitigation
Response/Relief
Relieve Disaster Victims (Disaster Relief)
Grant Aid
Recovery
Recovery from Disaster (Development Studies,
Grant Aid)
Learn from Past Experiences (Technical Training)
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• JICAs Assistance in Disaster Prevention
• - Past Performance -

• Disaster Management Project Conducted (1990 to
  2003)
• ? about 170

? Romania (earthquake)
?Armenia (landslide)
Turkey ? ? (earthquake)
?Nepal (disaster in general)
?Iran (earthquake)
??Bangladesh (flood, meteorology)
?Morocco (flood)
??Philippines (flood, earthquake)
?Barbados (disaster mgt)
Mexico ? (earthquake)
? Cambodia (flood)
Maldives? (tsunami)
Honduras? (hurricane)
? Colombia (disaster in general)
?Fiji (meteorology)
Peru ? (earthquake)
?Development Study ?Grant Aid ?Technical
Cooperation Project
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• JICAs Assistance in Disaster Prevention
• - Past Performance -

Draught
Strom Surge 8.2

• By Disaster Type

Hurricane/Typhoon 9.6
Flood
Earthquake 7.7
49.5
Sediment
17.3
Volcanic Eruption 2.9

• Disaster Type by Year

(After 1990)
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• JICAs Assistance in Disaster Prevention
• - Past Performance -

Africa
Middle East

• By Region

South America
South East Asia
Central America, Caribbean
Pacific

• Region by Year

East Asia
South West Asia
(After 1990)
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• JICAs Assistance in Disaster Prevention
• - Past Performance -

Technical Cooperation Project

• By Scheme

Development Study
Grant Aid

• Scheme by Year

(After 1990)
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2. Current Trend of Assistance in Disaster
Prevention

• Relief gt Mitigation
• Structural Measures
• Optimum Combination of Structural and
• Non- Structural Measures
• Capacity Development of Central and Local
  Government
• Enhancement of Individual and Communitys coping
  capacity to Natural Disaster

Mitigation gt Relief
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2. Current Trend of Assistance in Disaster
Prevention

• Flood Control Centered to Various Disasters
• Structural Centered Measures to Integrated
  Approach with Non-structural Measures
• Reconstruction Assistance with the Viewpoint of
  Sustainable Development
• Emergency Assistance with the Viewpoint of
  Development from the Needs / Damage Assessment
  Stages

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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance and in the On-going Projects

• (1)Mexico
• The Earthquake Disaster Prevention Project
• (CENAPRED Project)
• (2)Peru
• The Japan-Peru Center for Earthquake Engineering
  Research and Disaster Mitigation (CISMID
  Project)
• (3)Turkey
• The Establishment of Earthquake Disaster
  Prevention Research Center
• The Study on a Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
  Basic Plan in Istanbul
• Disaster and Emergency Management Training
• Training Project on Disaster Mitigation
• (4)El Salvador
• Enhancement of Technology for Construction of
  Earthquake-Resistant Popular Housing
• (South-South Cooperation)

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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance - CENAPRED Project in Mexico -
Mar/1995 Signing of R/D for 2-years Extension
Period of CENAPRED Project
Mar/1990 Completion of Construction of CENAPRED
and Provision of Machinery and Equipment by
Grant Aid (1.25billion yen)
R/D
R/D
Apr/1995-Mar/1997 2-years Extension Period
Apr/1990-Mar/1995 5-years Original Period
Mar/1990 Signing of Record of Discussion (R/D)
for 5-years Original Period of CENAPRED Project
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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance - CENAPRED Project in Mexico -

• Counterpart in Mexico
• National Disaster Prevention Center (CENAPRED)
• Input by Japanese side for 7-years Project Period

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CENAPRED functions as an organization executing
investigations, training and disseminating
activities
3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance - CENAPRED Project in Mexico -

• Researchers those people concerned with
  construction obtain and improve the knowledge in
  the field of earthquake resistant structure and
  strong motion earthquake observation.
• DRO (Director Responsible for Works) obtain and
  improve the knowledge on seismic engineering and
  earthquake resistance engineering.
• Research outputs are disseminated among those who
  concerned with construction and information of
  disaster prevention is disseminated among people
  at large.

Overall Goal Earthquake Disaster Prevention in
Mexico is promoted.
Projects Purpose
Outputs
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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance - CISMID Project in Peru -
Jun/1986 Signing of Record of Discussion (R/D)
for 5-years Original Period of CISMID Project
R/D
R/D
M/M
Jun/1986-Jun/1991 5-years Original Period
Jun/1991-Jun/1993 2-years Extension Period
Apr/2000-Mar/2001 1-year Aftercare Program
Oct/1999 Signing of M/M for 1-years Aftercare
Program of CISMID Project
Jun/1991 Signing of R/D for 2-years Extension
Period of CISMID Project
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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance - CISMID Project in Peru -

• Counterpart in Peru
• The Japan-Peru Center for Earthquake Engineering
  Research and Mitigation (CISMID)
• (composed of the staff in)
• National University of Engineering (UNI)
• Input by Japanese side for 7-years Project Period

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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance - CISMID Project in Peru -
Projects Purpose To study, develop and improve
systematically technologies and techniques on
earthquake disaster mitigation in Peru

• To conduct experimental and analytical research
  necessary to improve seismic performance of
  buildings in Peru, thus contributing to the
  development of seismic and economical
  construction techniques.
• To study safety assessment against earthquake
  disasters in urban areas and measures to mitigate
  the disasters in order to prepare for possible
  disasters in urban area in Peru.

Technology Development
Training Program
Dissemination Activities
To transfer the research results of the
Technology Development to other research,
academic, and administrative bodies, so that the
results can be effectively incorporated into
practice.
To establish courses in the field of earthquake
engineering including seismology and urban
disaster mitigation for the purpose of providing
basic education and training in the said field.
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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance - a series of assistance in Turkey -
Mar/1993 Signing of Record of Discussion (R/D)
for Project Type Technical Cooperation
Oct/2005-Jul/2007 Training Project on Disaster
Mitigation
S/W
Apr/2001-Dec/2002 Development Study
Apr/1994-Mar/1999 Project Type Technical
Cooperation
Oct/1999 Signing of S/W on the Study on Disaster
Prevention and Mitigation Basic Plan in Istanbul
including Seismic Microzonation
Jul/2003-Mar/2005 Disaster and Emergency
Management Training for Managers
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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance -The Establishment of Earthquake
Disaster Prevention Research Center in Turkey-

• Counterpart Organization

Earthquake Disaster Prevention Research Center
Ankara
Earthquake Data Collection and Vulnerability
Evaluation Subcenter (EDCVE) General Directorate
of Disaster Affairs, Ministry of Public Works and
Settlement Ankara
Earthquake Engineering Research Subcenter
(EER) Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul
Technical University Istanbul

• Input by Japanese side

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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the Past
Performance -The Establishment of Earthquake
Disaster Prevention Research Center in Turkey-

Super Goal Reduction of earthquake risk in Turkey
Project Goal
Time-saving for emergency responses by
establishing of practical system after an
earthquake
Reduction of vulnerability of buildings by the
upgrading of structural performance against
earthquakes
Project Purpose
To accumulate knowledge for information system of
earthquake damage-analyzing for settlement and
personnel
To establish experimental systems for improving
structural performance against earthquakes
EDCVE Subcenter
EER Subcenter
Outputs

• As an organization in the EDPC to establish and
  manage EDCVE Subcenter, and training people
• To establish EDCVE system, with several local
  stations and one regional station at Samsun,
  having one center station at Ankara, and to
  establish the groundwork of accumulation system
  for data-analysis techniques of earthquake
  disasters

• As an organization in the EDPC to establish and
  manage EER Subcenter, and training people
• By using each experimental system in the EER
  Subcenter, accumulation of experimental data on
  retrofitting and strengthening of buildings

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3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the On-Going
Project - El Salvador (South-South Cooperation) -

• Project Name
• Enhancement of Technology for Construction of
  Earthquake-Resistant Popular Housing
• Project Period
• Jun/2003-May/2008 (5-years)
• Input by Mexico, Peru and Japan

South-South Cooperation
El Salvador
Mexico
Japan

• Counterpart
• Ministerio de Obras Publicas, Vice Ministerio de
  Vivienda y Desarrollo Urbano (VMVDU)
• Universidad Centroamericana (UCA)
• Universidad el Salvador (UES)
• Fundasion Salvadorena de Desarrollo y Vivienda
  Minima (FUNDASAL)

• Experts
• Counterpart Training in Mexico

• Experts
• Counterpart Training in Japan
• Provision of Machinery and Equipment

Peru

• Experts
• Counterpart Training in Peru

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To improve earthquake-resistant of popular
housing
3. Example of JICAs Assistance in the On-Going
Project - El Salvador (South-South Cooperation) -

• Equipment, facilities and systems for
  earthquake-resistance experiment of popular
  housing is established.
• Researchers and engineers obtain the technologies
  and techniques of earthquake-resistance
  engineering and the capacity of dissemination is
  improved.
• The model of earthquake-resistant popular housing
  is completed.
• Establishment of the system for dissemination of
  the model of earthquake-resistant popular housing
• Promotion for the construction of
  earthquake-resistant popular housing.

Overall Goal To mitigate of earthquake disaster
for low-income people in El Salvador.
Projects Purpose
Outputs
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4. JICAs Approach to Effective Assistance in
Disaster Prevention

• 4 Main Approaches

• Incorporating Disaster Management
• Viewpoint into Socio-Economic Development

(2) Assisting for Disaster Risk Identification
and Assessment
(3) Assisting in Formulating Comprehensive
Disaster Management Plan
(4) Approaching to Promoting Community- Based
Disaster Management Activities from the
Viewpoint of Human-Securities
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4. JICAs Approach to Effective Assistance in
Disaster Prevention

• Incorporating Disaster Management
• Viewpoint into Socio-Economic Development

• Recognizing endemic disaster risk as a
  disincentive for socio-economic development such
  as poverty reduction
• Supporting sustainable development efforts
  incorporating mitigation of existing disaster
  risk and preparedness for potential risk

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4. JICAs Approach to Effective Assistance in
Disaster Prevention
(2) Assisting for Disaster Risk Identification
and Assessment

• Assistance in risk assessment by making hazard
  maps, promotion of information management and
  exchange among entities at national, regional and
  community levels

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4. JICAs Approach to Effective Assistance in
Disaster Prevention
(3) Assisting in Formulating Comprehensive
Disaster Management Plan

• Formulating comprehensive disaster management
  master plan and subsequent action plans
• Including capacity development of
  disaster-related government institutions,
  improvement of legal and institutional system,
  and awareness raising for disaster management
  activities at national, regional and community
  levels

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4. JICAs Approach to Effective Assistance in
Disaster Prevention
(4) Approaching to Promoting Community- Based
Disaster Management Activities from the
Viewpoint of Human-Securities

• Improving disaster management capability of local
  community and individuals directly
• Promoting cooperative efforts towards disaster
  preparedness between governmental and community
  entities

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5. JICAs Organization - Organization Chart -

• Auditors

• Office of Auditors

• Office of the President

• President

• Senior Vice-President

• Office of Audit

• General Affairs Department

• Vice-President

• Personnel Department

• Finance and Accounting Department

• Headquarters

• Procurement Department

• Planning and Coordination Department

46 groups and 146 teams

• Regional Department

• Domestic Offices

• Issue-based Department

in 19 places

• Training Affairs and
• Citizen Participation Department

Ms. Sadako OGATA

• Overseas Offices

• Grant Aid Management Department

in 56 places

• Secretariat of Japan Overseas
• Cooperation Volunteers (JOCV)

• Secretariat of Japan Disaster
• Relief Team (JDR)

• Human Resources Assignment Department

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5. JICAs Organization - Issue-based Department
and Disaster Management Team -
- Governance - Gender - Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) - Transportation
- Urban and Regional Development

• Social Development Department

- Basic Education - Technical and Higher
Education - Health Personnel Development -
Health Administration - Reproductive Health -
Infectious Disease Control

• Human Development Department

• Global Environment Department

• Group I Forest and Nature Conservation

• Group II Environmental Management

• Group III Water Resources and Disaster Management

• Water Resources Management Team I

• Water Resources Management Team II

• Disaster Management Team

• Poverty Reduction
• - Rural Development
• - Agricultural Development - Fisheries
  Cooperation

• Rural Development Department

• Economic Policy and Private Sector Development
• - Tourism - Natural Resources and Energy

• Economic Development Department

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5. JICAs Organization - On-going Project in
charge of Disaster Management Team -
TCP Technical Cooperation Project DS
Development Study
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5. JICAs Organization - On-going Project in
charge of Disaster Management Team -
TCP Technical Cooperation Project DS
Development Study
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5. JICAs Organization - On-going Project in
charge of Disaster Management Team -
TCP Technical Cooperation Project DS
Development Study
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Thank you very much for attention.
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)