BYZANTINE EMPIRE THE EASTERN EMPIRE OF ROME

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BYZANTINE EMPIRETHE EASTERN EMPIRE OF ROME
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BYZANTIUM BECOMES CONSTANTINOPLE
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CONSTANTINOPLE

• CONSTANTINOPLE WAS LOCATED ON THE BOSPORUS
  STRAITS
• THE BYZANTINES USED GREEK FIRE TO FIGHT OFF
  THEIR ENEMIES
• COULD CONTROL TRADE FROM MOSCOW TO THE
  MEDITERRANEAN, AND TO CHINA

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BYZANTINE EMPIRE IS BUILT

• AT ITS HEIGHT THE ROMAN EMPIRE REACHED FROM
  BRITIAN TO EGYPT
• THE WEST WAS OVERRUN AND DISAPPEARED IN 476 AD
• IT SURVIVED AS THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE UNTIL1453 AD

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JUSTINIAN

• RULED FROM 527 TO 565
• HIS WIFE THEODORA, SHE WAS INTELLIGENT AND HELPED
  IN MANY DECISIONS MADE BY JUSTINIAN
• JUSTINIANS CODELAWS CREATED THAT OFTEN
  CONTRIDICTED THEMSELVES
• ALSO CALLED CORPUS OF CIVIL LAW

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RELIGIOUS DISPUTES

• MOST ALL OF THE RULERS WERE CHRISTIANS
• BUT THE WAYS IN WHICH THEY WORSHIPPED WERE
  DIFFERENT
• THESE DISPUTES ON HOW TO WORSHIP WEAKEN THE
  EMPIRE AS PEOPLE BEGAN TO TAKE OPPOSING SIDES

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RELIGION DIVIDES AN EMPIRE

• PRAY TO SAINTS
• REPRESENT GOD WITH ICONS
• PRAY TO HOLY PEOPLE

• PRAY ONLY DIRECTLY TO GOD
• NO ICONS OR REPRESENTATIVES OF GOD

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RELIGIOUS LEADERS

• THE PATRIARCH OF THE CHURCH IN CONSTANTINOPLE
• THE POPE
• EACH TOOK SIDES AND IN 1054 THEY ATTACKED EACH
  OTHER ON THE BASIS OF WHO WAS RIGHT?
• THIS WAS CALLED THE GREAT SCHISM, OR SPLIT IN THE
  CHURCH

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PRIDE BEFORE THE FALL

• THE SPLIT IN THE CHURCH OPENED THEM UP TO
  INVASION
• IN 1254 AN ARMY ATTACKED AND THE OTTOMAN TURKS
  TOOK OVER THE EMPIRE
• THE OTTOMANS WERE NON-CHRISTIAN ENEMIES OF THE
  BYZANTINES

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RISE OF ISLAM

• IN 610 AD MUHAMMAD WAS CHOSEN BY GOD, OR SO THE
  STORY TELLS US TO LEAD HIS PEOPLE TO THE ONE TRUE
  GOD
• MUHAMMAD LIVED ON WHAT IS CALLED THE ARABIAN
  PENINSULA
• MECCA BECAME A TRADE CENTER VERY QUICKLY AND WAS
  THE CROSSROADS OF THE MUSLIM WORLD

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MUSLIMS OF THE MIDDLE EAST

• MUSLIM MEANS persons who submit to God
• THIS FAITH CAME TO BE KNOWN AS ISLAM
• ISLAM MEANS SUBMISSION TO GOD
• FEW LISTENED AT FIRST, BUT EVENTUALLY HE BECAME A
  PROPHET AND IN 622 HE TRAVELED TO YATHRIB TO
  SPREAD HIS MESSAGE

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THE GOLDEN AGE OF ISLAM

• BETWEEN 800 AND 1100 IS SEEN AS ONE OF THE MOST
  BRILLANT TIMES IN THE WORLDS HISTORY
• LITERATURE, SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES, MEDICAL ADVANCES
  WERE ALL MADE
• THE ISLAMIC EMPIRE GREW RICH AND POWERFUL

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LASTING LEGACY OF THE MUSLIMS

• CANON OF MEDICINE
• ARABIAN MATHMATICS
• THE USE OF WATER AS A POWER SOURCE
• DOCTORS WELL BEYOND THEIR YEARS IN MEDICAL
  ADVANCES

• THE LASTING MUSLIM RELIGION
• IT IS ONE OF THE MOST FOLLOWED SECTS IN THE WORLD
• BILLIONS OF MUSLIMS ALL OVER THE WORLD

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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM

• PRAYER
• FAITH
• PILGRIMAGE
• FAST
• CHARITY

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