The Norwegian Noise Annoyance Calculations

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The Norwegian Noise Annoyance Calculations
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Background

• The national target for noise reduction By 2010
  noise annoyance shall be reduced by 25 per cent
  from the 1999 level.

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Statistics Norways noise model

• Calculates data for noise impact and annoyance,
  in Norway for 1999 and following years.
• Estimates the noise from
• road traffic
• aircraft
• railways
• industry
• Results given as
• Noise Annoyance Index (SPI)

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Measuring noise annoyance

• Noise annoyance differs
• with the source of noise
• 60 dB of aircraft-noise more annoying than 60 dB
  of railroad-noise
• from person to person
• at the same noise level some will be higly
  annoyed, some not annoyed at all.
• Development of the Average Annoyance Score

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Average annoyance score

• dose-respons curve based on respondents
  describing their annoyance due to noise
• estimates on a scale from 0-1 how annoyed an
  average person will be by noise from a particular
  source

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Noise Annoyance Index (SPI)

• calculated by multiplying the number of exposed
  persons within each noise-level with the average
  annoyance-score for this level.
• f.ex
• 100 persons exposed to 60 dB
• from Aircraft (1,83 x (60dB 38))/100 40
• from Railroad (1,19 x (60dB 36))/100 29

Annoyance scores from different noise levels and
sources can be added together to give a total
level of annoyance for a community.
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The noise model in general
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Calculation of railroad noise

• Noise emission calculated
• by the Nordic prediction method for railroad
  noise
• on the basis of
• train type
• trainlength during 24h (meter)
• speed (km/h)
• Result
• each railroadlink identified by a code and the
  first and last kilometer of the link,
  desibel-level generated
• Distributed along a geographic railroad-layer
• using dynamic segmentation
• on the basis of a railroad link code, and the
  first and last kilometers

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Dynamic segmentation Applying noise level to
geography
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Noise emission Norwegian railroad network
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Noise level connected to adresses
distance railroad-adress measurred
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Noise at adress level

• Calculating noise reduction due to
• divergence (4 dB per. doubling of distance)
• air absorbsion
• correction for track conditions
• if the receving adress is an appartment building
• shielding from buildings in the neighbourhood

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Calculation of shielding

• Calculated for each adress individually
• Calculated on the basis of buildings between
  adress and railroad
• the buildings coordinates
• build-up area
• Calculates
• radius of the buildings base
• distance from adress to building
• the part of an 180o view angel that the buildning
  will shield

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Shielding from buildings
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Calculation of road traffic noise

• Simmilar to the railroad calculations, except..
• The calculations are being done for one type of
  road at the time
• european roads
• national roads
• county roads
• local roads
• An adress is assigned the highest noise value
  that reaches the adress

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Calculation of aircraft noise

• NORTIM-files
• noise levels in a point grid
• Used for calculation of
• emission of noise
• diffusion over the ground
• Noiselevel updated from trafficnumbers and noise
  prognoses
• Adresses connected to the nearest point in the
  grid

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Calculation of industry noise

• buisnesses (buisness register) located in
  industry buildnings (GAB)
• assigned a noiselevel dependent on NACE-code
• rate of change dependent on density of buildings
  within ...? meters
• adress is assigned the highest noiselevel that
  reaches it