Title: Lead in Sediment Next to California Freeways, Identification and Waste Management Options
1Lead in Sediment Next to California Freeways,
Identification and Waste Management Options
Based on a presentation originally prepared by
Julia Turney and Marge Rouch UPDATED 4/2007 KC
2Does This Look Like a Hazardous Waste Site to You?
3Topics of Discussion
- Where lead comes from and how lead levels are
identified - Characteristics of lead next to freeways
- Regulatory requirements
- Variance
- Designing for lead
4Where Lead Comes From
- Leaded Gasoline
- Lead in yellow traffic paint and sand blast waste
- Urban industry
- Tire balance weights
- Imported candy wrappers
- Pesticides
5Lead Discovery
- Interstate 80 in Emeryville
- Project to add traffic lanes to freeway
- Excess material relinquished to the contractor
and sent as clean fill to Chevron - Rejected as Calif. Hazardous Waste
- Route 101 in Los Angeles
- Soundwall Project near downtown
- Excess material relinquished to the contractor
and sent as clean fill to private land owner
6Characteristics of Lead in Sediment
- High total lead at surface next to edge of the
pavement, generally decreasing with depth and
distance from the road - Highest levels of lead associated with older
roads with high traffic volume but many variables
affect deposition
7Lead Sample Concentration, 6 in.
8Lead Sample Concentration, 12 in.
9Lead Sample Concentration, 24 in.
10Regulatory Requirements
- Title 22 CCR defines a waste is a material that
is discarded or relinquished or treated in a
manner constituting disposal - Title 23 CCR regulates placement of waste in
landfills
11Regulatory Requirements cont
- Waste is Hazardous by Ca law if total lead levels
are greater than 1000mg/kg or soluble lead by
Waste Extraction Test is greater than 5mg/l. A
fed waste is greater than 5mg/l soluble by the
TCLP test.
12Regulatory Requirements cont.
- Cal OSHA (Title 8 CCR) and Fed OSHA regulate Lead
in Construction - Adding traffic lanes usually involves excavating
about 2 feet of sediment for the new pavement
section. Soundwalls require excavation for
foundations
13Variance
- Caltrans applied for and received a Variance from
Title 22 regulations to allow stockpiling,
transporting, and reuse of sediment with
hazardous levels of lead for seven Caltrans
Districts (4,6,7,8,10,11,12) - The Variance allows reuse under certain
conditions
14Variance cont.
- Less then 50 mg/l soluble lead (DI WET) Less
then 3397 mg/kg total lead - 5 feet above groundwater
- Use of non-hazardous cover soil or pavement
- Use of special provisions to direct and control
the contractor - Notification and inspection by Dept. of Toxic
Substances Control - Out of 100 year flood plains
15Variance To Reuse Lead Soils as Fill Materials
- Existing variances are in effect until June 30,
2008. - Notification to regional water quality control
board 30 days prior to advertisement is required. - RWQCB can take 180 days to issue WDR when they
determine they are necessary.
16Variance cont.
- Placement on other projects in corridors. The
regulatory definition of corridors is DIFFERENT
from traditional Caltrans definition of a highway
corridor
17Major Conditions of Variance Use
- Hazardous waste soils not addressed under
variance are to be handled as a hazardous waste - Manage soils based on lead levels
- One foot non-hazardous cover
- Under hard (asphalt) cover
- Implement Health and Safety procedures to protect
workers and public to eliminate or minimize
exposure
18Conditions of Variance Use cont.
- Hazardous waste soils must stay within designated
right of way corridor, stockpiling included.
Reasonable allowances for transportation - Soils not buried not allowed to be in contact
with groundwater, within 10 feet of culverts,
stored in low areas subject to flooding, and
protected from runoff to storm drains - Changes in placement, quantities or protection
measures (field changes) from plans noted in RE
log within 5 days of field change
19Reuse Based on Total and Extractable Lead
Hazardous Waste gt1000 mg/kg Total or gt 5.0 mg/l
Soluble
Reusable Soil gt1000 mg/kg Total gt5mg/l Soluble
Surplus Soil gt1000 mg/kg Total gt5 mg/l Soluble
1Cover with Non-Haz Soil, 5 Above
groundwater Under pavement if DI WET is high.
Class 1 Disposal
20Variance Notification
- Information availability
- Current fact sheets placed in the Caltrans RE
Office/District Offices - If additional projects are identified that are
not in initial public notification - District
must notify public via a notice in newspaper
21Variance Notification cont.
- Comply with all applicable State policies for
SWRCB, RWQCB related to waste discharges to land - Dust must be controlled
- NOTIFICATION (project specific) to DTSC at least
5 days prior to construction - NOTIFICATION (project specific) to RWQCB at least
30 days prior to advertisement
22Variance Notification cont.
- Plan drawing designating limits of the corridor
where lead-contaminated soils will be excavated,
stockpiled, buried and covered - Name and telephone number of project resident
engineer(s) - Summarize excavation quantities
- Special Provisions for project specific area,
soil excavation, transport and placement
23Variance Notification cont.
- List of Caltrans contractors (general) for each
Caltrans project conducting any phase of work
under the variance - Duration of corridor construction
- Location of sampling/analytical data is located
( e.g. particular project file)
24New Variance Notification Requirement
- Type of environmental document for each project,
date of adoption,document title,Clearing House
number and where the document is available for
review. A copy of the Notice of Exemption for
any project shall be sent with the notification.
25Special Provisions
- Major areas of importance
- Health and Safety Plan (Lead Compliance Plan)
- Work Plan for handling and stockpiling materials
with hazardous levels of lead - No visible dust, water truck available at all
times while performing earthwork, excavation or
grubbing in lead areas - Bill of Lading
26(No Transcript)
27Additional Public Notice - Suggested by DTSC
- If residential area or areas of potential public
relations problems - additional public notice is
advised Districts call
28DTSC Role
- Tracking of materials
- Enforcement requests for inspection from DTSC
headquarters - Inspections by Regional DTSC offices
29Some Basic Concepts of Handling/Placement
- If at all possible reuse soils on the project,
surplus can be a major problem - Separate layers of materials to alter volumes
and/or make non-hazardous - Embankment fill, contouring- fill-in areas,
creating mounds etc. - Roadbase fill, excavate clean and replace with
contaminated
30Some Basic Concepts of Handling/Placement cont.
- Raise grades, e.g. Park and Ride lots
- Behind retaining walls
- Surcharge for future sites, i.e. on other projects