Dark fiber networks in the Nordic countries

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Dark fiber networks in the Nordic countries
Heino Radmer, Optical Network Architect 10.
januar 2014
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NorthernLight background and objectives

• Move from a leased line to a dark fiber
  infrastructure
• Accommodate the future demands for capacity
• High-speed Internet
• Lambda circuits
• Private light path services
• Deployment of an Optical Exchange
• Equipment - Cutting edge technology
• LH/ULH DWDM
• Channel count above 64 x 10G
• 40G ready
• Multi Service Transport Platform Optical
  Exchange (NOX)
• Handel circuit and packet based traffic
• Targeting User Controlled Provisioning (UCLP)
• Fulfill these requirements without a substantial
  budget increase.

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NORDIC fibre projects

• Fibre distances
• NORDUnet 4200 Km (Completed)
• SUNET 7300 Km (Completed, Operated by NORDUnet)
• FUNET 4300 KM (Tendering)
• Forskningsnettet 1500 KM (Tendering)
• UNINETT 7000 KM (In Progress)
• Rhnet Planned 2,5 Gbit/s Lambda connection
• Sites
• NORDUnet 60 (9 main sites)
• SUNET 80
• FUNET 60
• Forskningsnettet 20
• UNINETT 80
• Rhnet Planned 2,5 Gbit/s Lambda connection

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The old NORDUnet

• So what did NORDUnet look like before?

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Old leased line network
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NORDUnet - Suppliers

• The dark fiber network is provided by
• Telenor
• Scandinavian Ring
• Finland Link
• Global Crossing
• Southern Cross
• The equipment is provided by
• Alcatel-Lucent
• 1626 Light Manager
• ULH DWDM
• 1850 Transport Service Switch
• SDH/Sonet
• Ethernet
• CWDM and SH DWDM
• Juniper
• T640

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NORDUnet OPN

• Base network
• Ring structure
• Base equipment
• ULH ROADM
• Q1 2008 WSS
• 96x 10G Ch.
• Add/drop 96 Ch.
• 40G Ready
• Transponders
• C-band Tuneable
• XFP

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NorthernLight
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NORDUnet IP Based on NorthernLight
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Network Operation
Mgmt Network
Stockholm NU-NOC
Global Secure Access
Copenhagen NORDUnet Office
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Alcatel-Lucent 135x Suite Used in NORDUfiber

• 1354 RM Network Manger
• 1354 BM-Eth Ethernet Manager
• 1353 NM Element Manager
• 1359 IOO North Bound Interface
• 1359 HA High Availability

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NOX NothernLight Optical eXchange

• New Name!
• NorthernLight is now the optical network
• NOX is the GOLE
• Distributed
• Connection points Oslo, Stockholm, Helsinki,
  Copenhagen
• Links
• n x 10 G to NetherLight (Amsterdam)
• 1 x 10 G to MLight (Moscow) (October 1st 2007)
• n x 10 G to GEANT
• (2 x 2.5 G to RUNnet (St. Petersburg))

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NorthernLight Optical Exchange NOX

• Interfaces type
• STM-1 to STM-256
• GE and 10 GE
• OTU1, OTU2 and OTU3
• Services
• Protected Unprotected
• Over subscribed
• VLAN
• P2P
• P2M
• Applications e.g.
• NGDF
• GLORIAD
• Radio Telescope
• Score
• Acreo

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Optical Exchange High level Features

• SDH/Sonet
• STM-1, 4, 16 64
• Cross-Connection
• Termination
• ETH Mapping over SDH
• Complete Scope of SDH/Sonet Features

• Ethernet
• 10GE LAN/WAN - Optical
• GE - Optical
• 10/100/1000 - Electrical
• ETH Traffic Classification
• Complete Scope of Ethernet Features

• CWDM
• Terminal, Hub, OADM Ring
• Stacked C-WDM Rings

• MSPP
• CLI, SNMP and TL1
• 2007 GMPLS feature set

1850 TSS-320
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Optical Exchange/Northeren Light 1850 TSS
Single platform addressing any transport need now
and in a near future
Carrier Ethernettransport model
MSPP model
SONET/SDH model
Universal Switch
Universal Switch
Universal Switch
WDM module
TDM processing card
Packet processing card
Accommodates any traffix mix of circuits, packets
and lambdas
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1626 Light Manager Day one Release

• Multi-reach Platform
• LH/ULH up to 88 channels
• Add/drop 88 channels
• 50 GHz filter grid
• Long Haul
• Fully Reconfigurable OADM
• Automatic system alignment
• All interfaces are tuneable over the complete
  C-band
• 10G transponder
• STM-64
• 10GbE WAN LAN
• 4x 2.5G transparent concentrator
• 40G transponder
• 4x 10G concentrator
• Embedded Optical Protection
• Raman Amplification

Unified System

• UNIQUE System
• Same modules for OADM and ILA
• Shelf
• Amplifier

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NorthernLight
NorthernLight Optical Backbone Current Connection
to Iceland Cross Boarder Fibre Future Connection
to Iceland Global Connectivity Future Cross
Boarder Fibre
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1626 Light Manager Tuneable-OADM 2008

• Wavelength Selective Switches
• LH/ULH up to 88 channels
• Add/Drop 64 channels
• Enhanced functionality
• Tuneable filters
• Any mix of 50 and 100 GHz filters
• Long Haul
• Fully Tuneable OADM
• Fully C band tunable interfaces over any
  interface
• 10 G Universal Transponder
• STM-64
• 10GE WAN LAN
• 40G transponder
• PSBT (50 GHz - SH)
• DPSK (100 GHz LH/ULH)

GMPLS
WSS 19
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Multi Domain Cross Layer Provisioning

• It is about controlling the Control plane just
  like PNNI for ATM
• Hello protocol
• Database Exchange protocol
• Flooding protocol
• Calculation of a logical channel connections
• Hierarchical routing

• Todays General Control Plane
• GMPLS
• UCLP
• NDL
• Others

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GMPLS for Photonic NetworksProvisioning Soft
Permanent Connection

• The support of new photonic network architectures
  requires the introduction of a new management
  functionality within the photonic layer
• GMPLS control plane, will introduce features
  based on UNI control plane signalling and
  centralized provisioning for
• Link, Network and Service resources discovery
• Soft Permanent Connection Set Up

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Multi Domain Cross Layer Provisioning- Case Study
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FUNET

• A short presentation to the Finnish progress
• Slides provided by
• Juha Oinonen,
• Development manager
• Funet network

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Funet - Finnish University and research NETwork

• High quality academic Internet services for
  Finland
• Advanced services like IPv6 and IP multicast
• Connectivity via NORDUnet to Geant2 and global
  academic network community
• Up to 10Gbps connection speeds
• About 80 member organizations
• All Finnish universities (ca. 20) and
  polytechnics (ca. 30)
• Public research institutions and other
  organizations close to higher education (ca. 30)
• 350 000 end users

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Lambda Applications in Finland

• Currently ongoing or identified
• DEISA project (CSC)
• Physics Cern LHC OPN
• Radioastronomy Metsähovi observatory
• Sodankylä satellite etc. facilities
• Initiatives and plans
• Network RD activities (national/international)
• New data intensive science projects/areas
• Distributed ICT infrastructure
• Mostly sub-lambda capacity needs

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Plans Funet fiber topology (tentative)

• 4000 km fiber
• 20 PoPs
• Option for 20 more
• Mesh/ring combination
• multiple 3-way PoPs
• To optimize cost, some leased lines needed for
  resiliency (not shown in the picture)
• Cross-border options
• Russia
• Estonia
• Sweden
• NORDUnet presence in Helsinki
• Roll-out in multiple phases
• Details to be defined

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Status Dark Fiber Procurement

• 4 candidates
• Open procedure
• Fairly good availability
• All university/polytechnic towns covered
• Some last mile construction needed (for
  resiliency)
• Mostly new (2000-) fiber
• G.652, mostly underground
• Price/quality ratio varies

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Status Hardware procurement

• Three vendors remaining
• Negotiated procedure initially 9 proposals
• Open questions/work in progress
• Final pricing
• Technology roadmaps
• Topology fine-tuning
• Roll-out phasing
• Support service details and preparation
• Decision before end of 2007
• First phase implementation in 1H2008

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Questions and information
Please forward all remaining questions to

• Juha.Oinonen_at_csc.fi
• http//www.csc.fi/english/funet/

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Forskningsnettet - FSKNET

• Progress and status will be presented by Jan
  Ferré after the break.

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Fiber - requirements

• Provider contractual bindings
• Use of penalty system
• Procedures towards provider
• Provider education needed?
• Building structure and limitations
• Resilient structure
• Education of staff
• Handling of fiber
• Basic knowledge
• Measurements and materials

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Fiber - requirements

• Fiber specifications
• The Dark Fibre shall be specified according to
  ITU-T G.652 or ITU-T G.655.
• For ITU-T G.655 the True Wave Classic shall not
  be accepted.
• The attenuation at 1550 nm should not exceed 23
  dB and shall not exceed 35 dB.
• Seacable specs 23 dB and 26 dB
• The dark fibre parameters of the installed cable
  shall during the whole contract period comply
  with the values in 1-7 below. The values include
  effects of possible future splicing, repair,
  aging, etc.
• Attenuation at 1550 nm shall be less than 0.25
  dB/km and should be less than 0.22 dB/km.
• Bend losses shall not be accepted.
• Seasonal variations in the fibre parameter shall
  not be accepted.
• Connector losses shall be less than 0.5 dB.
• Reflection shall at any point be below -40 dB.
• Chromatic Dispersion at 1550nm (CMD1550nm) shall
  be less than18.5 ps/nm/km.
• Polarisation Mode Dispersion (PMDQ) shall be less
  than 0.50 ps/?km and should be less than 0.20
  ps/?km.
• Fiber span shall not exceed 80 km

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Fiber - provider problems

• Only here to make money
• Documentation

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Fiber - solutions

• Measuring setup
• Understanding

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Fiber solutions continued

• Procedures
• Plenty of talking
• Understanding
• More talking.

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Status

• Scandinavian Ring (fiber) Live
• Finland Link (fiber) Live
• Amsterdam Link (fiber) Live
• Moscow Link (OC192) early October
• London Link (OC192) in planning
• (new) Iceland Link (OC48) in planning
• (new) WIDE and CSCNORDUnet possibilities for
  pan-continental connectivity

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Worth considering
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End Of PresentationQuestions?

• Heino Radmer
• Optical Network Architect
• heino_at_nordu.net