Interfaces: Vernacular Voices and LatinNarratives, c'9001200

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Interfaces Vernacular Voices and
Latin?Narratives, c.900-1200
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• Bamberg, Staatsbibliothek, Hist. 3. (Germany, c.
  1000)
• Main texts
• Excidium Troiae
• Epitome de Caesaribus
• Liber historiae Francorum
• Jordanes, Getica Romana
• Paulus Diaconus, Historia Langobardorum
  Historia Romana
• Compilation on Alexander
• Beda Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
• Marek Thue Kretschmer Rewriting Roman History in
  the Middle Ages. The Historia Romana and the
  Manuscript Bamberg, Hist. 3. (diss. Trondheim
  2006) - to be published with Brill 2007/08

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• Examples of explanations
• displicuit id est non placuit
• Signa uero de Cimbris, que uulgo bandos
  dicimus,...
• Syntactical changes
• debere-construction for future (regnaturum fore /
  regnare deberet)
• quia / quod - clause for acc. inf.
• direct speech instead of indirect
• unus as indefinite article

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• Examples of vocabulary change
• bucca for os
• caballus for equus
• mundus for orbis terrarum
• sanguis for cruor
• thius for auunculus/patruus
• causa for res
• manducare for vesci and other expressions

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• omission of parallels with Jewish history
• omission of apotheoses of emperors and military
  triumphs
• omission of names, dates and many other
  historical particulars
• emphasis on the attitudes of emperors to
  Christianity

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• Paulus Diaconus, Historia Romana VI.23
• Inde Romam regressus tertio se consulem fecit cum
  Marco Aemilio Lepido, qui ei magister equitum
  dictatori ante annum fuerat. Inde in Africam
  profectus est, ubi infinita nobilitas cum Iuva,
  Mauritaniae rege, bellum reparaverat. duces autem
  Romani erant Publius Cornelius Scipio ex genere
  antiquissimo Scipionis Africani, hic etiam socer
  Marci Pompei fuerat, Marcus Petreiusque Varus,
  Marcus Portius Cato, Lucius Cornelius Faustus
  Sullae dictatoris filius.
• Paulus Diaconus, Historia Romana VI.23 in
  Bamberg, hist. 3
• Inde Cesar Romam regressus est et factus est
  consul tercia uice. Postea uenit in Africam cum
  multis nobilibus Romanis et pugnauit cum Iuba,
  rege Mauritanie et ibi fuerunt cum eo duces
  Romanorum Cornelius Scipio, Faustus Sulle
  dictatoris filius.

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• Robertus Monachus Historia Iherosolimitana
  (France, c. 1105)
• Edition Patrologia Latina, vol. 155, col.
  669-758 (ed. P. Migne, Paris 1844) Recueil des
  Historiens des Croisades, vol. III (Paris 1866),
  s. 717-882.
• Translation, Introduction Carol Sweetenham,
  Robert the Monks History of the First Crusade.
  Historia Iherosolimitana, Aldershot 2005.

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• Compendium Saxonis (Denmark, c. 1340)
• Sed quia opus suum diffusum est in pluribus
  locis, multaque dicuntur magis propter ornatum
  quam propter veritatem hystorie prosequendam,
  insuper et stilus suus nimium obscurus est
  propter plurima vocabula et poemata diuersa
  moderno tempore inconsueta, ideo hoc opusculum,
  excerptum de illo, ponit planis verbis
  notabiliora gesta ibi descripta, cum addicione
  aliquorum, que post dictum opus editum
  acciderunt.
• However, his work is drawn out in many places and
  much is said more in order to embellish than to
  pursue a truthful account in addition his style
  is very obscure on account of the many words and
  various poems to which we are unaccostumed today.
  The present small work is excerpted from that and
  deals in plain words with the more renowned deeds
  described in it with the addition of some which
  happened after the work in question was
  published.

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• Compendium Saxonis VIII.xvi (ed. Gertz 1917-18,
  335-36)
• Perlato igitur ad socios igne habitaque aura
  competenti quarta die venit ad terram, de qua
  gygas dixerat, tenebrosam. Quam intrans cum
  sociis, debiliter vidit scopulum molis immense
  ad quem accedens iussit ignem accendi in aditu.
  Deinde cum lumine intrans vidit habitaculum omni
  immundicia, serpentibus et fetoribus plenum,
  intra quod erat Vtgarthilokus, immensis cathenis
  manibus et pedibus ligatus cuius fetentes pili
  magnitudine et rigore corneis hastis erant
  equales. Quorum vnum Thorkillus ex mento eius
  excussit ac in argumentum factorum suorum
  seruauit vt nullus ibi subsistere nisi naribus
  obturatis.
• Saxo VIII.15,7-8 (ed. Friis-Jensen 2005)
• Inde perlato ad socios igne aure indulgentiam
  nactus quarto die ad propositum portum appulit.
  Aggressusque cum sociis terram, apud quam
  continue noctis facies alterni luminis
  uicissitudinem frustrabatur, egre prospectum
  capientibus oculis inusitate molis scopulum
  conspicit. Cuius perlustrandi cupidus a comitibus
  foris stationem peragentibus extusum silicibus
  ignem, opportunum contra demones tutamentum, in
  aditu iussit accendi.
• Post hec prelato per alios lumine arctis cauerne
  faucibus corpus subiiciens inter crebros
  serpentum allapsus ferreorum undique sedilium
  frequentiam contemplatur. Inde placidior aque
  moles subiectoque sabulo molliter influens
  conspectui obseruata est. Qua transita paulo
  deuexiorem situ speluncam aggreditur. Ex qua item
  atrum obscoenumque conclaue uisentibus aperitur.
  Intra quod Ugarthilocus manus pedesque immensis
  cathenarum molibus oneratus aspicitur. Cuius
  olentes pili tam magnitudine quam rigore corneas
  equauerant hastas. Quorum unum Thorkillus
  annitentibus sociis mento patientis excussum, quo
  promptior fides suis haberetur operibus,
  asseruauit, statimque tanta foetoris uis ad
  circumstantes manauit, ut nisi repressis amiculo
  naribus respirare nequirent.

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• Gertz, M. Cl. 1917-18 Scriptores minores
  histori Danicae medii aevi I, Copenhagen,
  195-470.
• Knudsen, A.L. 1994 Saxostudier og rigshistorie
  på Valdemar Atterdags tid.
• Knudsen, A.L. 1996 The Use of Saxo Grammaticus
  in the Later Middle Ages. The Birth of
  Identities. Denmark and Europe in the Middle
  Ages. Ed. Brian Patrick McGuire, Copenhagen,
  147-160.

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• Vibeke Winge Dänische Deutsche deutsche Dänen.
  Geschichte der deutschen Sprache in Dänemark
  1300-1800 mit einem Ausblick auf das 19.
  Jahrhundert. Heidelberg 1992.