Materials

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Materials Waste

Materials Waste Location / Region Date a
presentation by Presenter
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Materials Waste Key Sustainability Issues
Materials - Depletion natural resources
(quarries) - Impacts on natural habitats
(logging) - Aesthetics impact (quarries
logging) - High embodied energy (manufacture
transport) Waste - Defining waste. - Landfill
take up land, restrict use of land, loss of
valued amenity pollution hazard - Incineration
atmospheric pollution health hazard

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Materials Waste National statistics
13 million tonnes of construction/demolition
waste is material delivered to site that is never
used. 90 million tonnes of construction/demolitio
n waste arises annually in the UK. 220 million
tonnes estimated total waste for 2000/01 in the
UK, 45 of which was landfilled. 200
million spent by the construction industry on
landfill tax annually.
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Materials Waste National drivers
Landfill Regulation Landfill tax to increase
regularly (1996 7, 2004 15, future 35?) ?
disincentive to landfill disposal.www.hmce.gov.uk
Governments strategy (1) Prudent use of
natural resources ? Specify materials from
sustainable sources. (2) Effective protection of
the environment ? Dispose of waste in approved
and sound manner.www.sustainable-development.gov.
uk SBTG Building Regulations should
specify a minimum percentage by value (at least
10) of re-used / reclaimed / recycled materials
in building projects. ? the Government is
keen.www.dti.gov.uk/construction/sustain/sbtg.h
tm
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Materials Waste Planning waste management
When determining Best Practicable Environmental
Option (BPEO) for waste management all Regions
must consider
Waste hierarchy Reduce, re-use, recycle /
compost / recover energy, safe disposal. Proximit
y principle the most sustainable option is to
manage or dispose of waste as close as possible
to the source. Regional self-sufficiency
provision for the management of the Regions
waste within its own boundaries
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Materials Waste - Wales
3.3 million tonnes of construction/demolition
waste (1999), of which 0.75 million tonnes were
recycled (aggregates and soil), and 0.82
million tonnes were landfilled.
www.environment-agency.gov.uk/commondata/103601/cd
waste.xls
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Materials Waste - Wales
Extracts from Planning Policy Wales 12.6.1.
Local planning authorities must have regard to
the national Waste Strategy in formulating their
UDPs. 12.6.2 Policies proposing any major new
development should incorporate adequate and
effective waste management facilities. 12.5.4
LAs should encourage any necessary movement of
waste by rail
www.wales.gov.uk/subiplanning
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Materials Waste - Wales
Extracts from TAN 21 WASTE The land use
planning system has an important role to play in
facilitating sustainable waste management and
should ensure that opportunities for
incorporating re-use/recycling facilities in new
developments are properly considered.
www.wales.gov.uk/subiplanning
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Materials Waste - England
Draft PPS 1 Creating Sustainable
Communities Delivering Sustainable
Development 1.22 Planning policies should seek to
achieve where appropriate the following specific
objectives for sustainable development and
sustainable communities Sustainable Development
and Design Design policies should encourage
developments which ii) Make efficient and
prudent use of natural resources.
www.odpm.gov.uk/planning
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Materials Waste Yorkshire Humber
Extracts from RPG 12 developers required to
make appropriate provision to facilitate
effective management of waste including
facilities to separate and store different types
of waste new developments should be
designed to minimise the production of waste
minimise use of raw materials Before
granting planning permission authorities
should require information on proposed methods of
dealing with waste
www.goyh.gov.uk/rpg
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Materials Waste South East of England
Extracts from RPG 9 SEE faces increasing
difficulties in identifying new sites for waste
disposal UDPs should integrate waste
treatment and disposal with rail and water-based
transport approach to waste management
should enable full consideration of alternative
and innovative options.
www.go-se.gov.uk/rpg9review
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Materials Waste A buildings milestones
At each stage opportunities exist to - minimise
the use of raw materials - minimise the embodied
energy of materials specified - minimise the
amount of waste generated i.e. procure a more
sustainable building operate/manage it in a
more sustainable way.
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Materials Waste Demolition
Demolition is by definition unsustainable as it
requires energy and wastes energy embodied in the
buildings construction, refurbishment,
etc. Re-use if the building cannot be re-used,
consider high value re-use of building parts
wall panes, bricks, timber /steel beams/columns,
windows, etc. Recycling where high value re-use
is not feasible, consider recycling building
parts. Prefer on-site recycling (e.g. crushed
concrete as hardcore) to off-site recycling
(greater transport impacts).
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Materials Waste Demolition
Developerscan require contractors to
demonstrate track record of sustainable
demolition/deconstruction build
incentives/disincentives into contracts (e.g.
penalties/bonuses linked to quantity of waste
disposed of). Demolition Protocola resource
efficiency model enabling planning authorities
(regional local) and developers to place
conditions on re-use of demolition materials
and/or on the specification of re-used
materials. www.envirocentre.co.uk/reports.htm
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Materials Waste Design
Materials available on-site should be
incorporated in the design, and/or materials for
re-use sourced from the vicinity of the site
(reduces transport impacts). Deconstruction,
design details should allow easy dismantling of
building parts for future re-use. E.g. simplify
fixing systems, use mechanical rather than
chemical fixing, use lime mortar to allow re-use
of bricks, etc. www.cf.ac.uk/archi/dfr
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Materials Waste Design
Specify sustainable products, including
ecological products (e.g. sheep wool insulation),
product with high recycled content (blocks
containing PFA), locally sourced, use BRE Green
Guide to Specification etc. Require sustainable
labels e.g. FSC / PEFC for timber www.fsc-uk.info
www.pefc.co.uk Incorporate waste storage
segregation facilities in the building.
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Materials Waste Construction
Require contractor to sign up to CCS or
equivalent.www.considerateconstructorsscheme.org.
uk to implement sustainable procurement
waste management policies. to appoint a
champion for monitoring material storage waste
segregation / disposal. to provide material
handling waste minimisation / sorting training
to personnel on-site. to provide adequate
facilities for materials storage on-site and for
waste segregation.
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Materials Waste Construction
Maximise use of existing materials available
on-site, e.g. aggregates, timber, soil,
etc. Select suppliers that take packaging back
for re-use / recycle. Order small quantities at
a time to minimise potential for wasting
materials, e.g. through weathering.
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Materials Waste Operation
Facilities for waste segregation/storage/compactio
n should have been incorporated at the design
stage. Occupants must be educated to ensure
facilities are used adequately. Owner-occupied,
supply adequate segregation facilities (e.g.
multiple bins), educate users, ensure contractors
do re-use/recycle materials collected,
etc. Speculative, incorporate waste generation
incentives/disincentives in letting agreement,
support tenants all aspects of waste recycling
disposal.
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Materials Waste Case study South East England
Langley Park (London) Laing Homes - Circa 250
houses and flats in 3 phases. - Completed 2001. -
Maximised reclamation (on- off-site) of
materials generated by demolition of existing
buildings, including roof tiles, lamp posts,
etc. - Metals segregated during demolition was
recycled off-site. - Waste management best
practice measures implemented during construction.
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Materials Waste Case study Wales
ABC Housing (Cardiff) Sassi Chamberlain
Architects - Two 1-bedroom flats - Construction
to start end 2004. Completion expected 2005. -
All materials specified to be reclaimed, natural
or recycled. - Designed for maximum
dismantability. - Other sustainable features
solar thermal, rainwater harvesting, etc.

Mechanical fixing facilitating deconstruction
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Materials Waste Useful Resources
Ecoconstruction www.ecoconstruction.org Databas
e of recycled/reclaimed construction
products National Green Specification
www.greenspec.co.uk BRE Green Guide
www.brebookshop.com Waste Resources Action
Programme www.wrap.org.uk Aggregain
www.aggregain.org.uk Salvo Salvage
database www.salvo.co.uk