HPS perspectives in teaching and learning Chemistry

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HPS perspectives inteaching and
learningChemistry

• By
• Suthida Chamrat

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Out Line

• Introduction role of history and philosophy of
  science in science education
• Review of the Literature Researches concerning
  history and philosophy of science
• Teaching and learning chemistry with history and
  philosophy of science
• Conclusion

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role of history and philosophy of science in
science education

• History is not a stranger to the science
  classroom
• Historical case studies allow teachers to convey
  an understanding of the nature of science
• History provides a context for understanding how
  students learn fundamental concepts

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The important role of history and nature of
science

• The National Research Council's National Science
  Education Content Standards
• science as a human endeavor
• history of science
• nature of science

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The important role of history and nature of
science

• History and philosophy of science is valuable
  tools for teaching specific concepts more
  effectively
• Conveying the process of science.

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The important role of history and nature of
science

• rational from experts view
• Fostering meaningful learningDiscovery of
  science as a profession
• Improving the image of science,
• Inclusion of relevant and interesting contents
  (STS ideas)
• Necessity of HPS for construction of a holistic
  view on science

(Galili and Hazan,2001).
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Review of the Literature Researches concerning
history and philosophy of science
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• Studying the history of the atomic theory should,
  therefore, help students understand
  atomic/molecular theory

... informative histories of the intellectual
victories that make science so interesting and
relevant. And, I believe, chemistry will prosper
as a result. Harrison, (2002)
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• Carvalho and Vannucchi (2000) highly recommended
  including study of history and philosophy of
  science in school science course in order to
  generate effective classroom activities. This
  provided a more realistic view of science and
  enhanced cognitive and argumentation skills,
  besides emphasizing the importance of teachers
  guidance.

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• history and philosophy of science is already
  inside chemistry and this perspective can
  facilitate students conceptual understanding
• Niaz and Rodriguez (2001)

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• Historical reconstructions of atomic models can
  provide students an opportunity to appreciate how
  scientists work and science progresses. It is
  plausible to suggest that textbook presentations
  based on a history and philosophy of science
  perspective can perhaps arouse students interest
  in the subject and hence lead to greater
  conceptual understanding.
• Niaz and Rodriguez (2004)

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• The history of chemistry needs a philosophy to
  explain why and how scientists changed their
  conceptual and explanatory models. The image
  students develop of science and its processes is
  enriched when they share customized accounts of
  chemical revolutions like Daltons atomic theory
  and Bohrs quantized explanation of hydrogens
  spectra.
  Harrison(2003)

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• History and philosophy of science is already in
  the science curriculum and we do not have to
  design a separate course but rather rewrite the
  textbooks in order to incorporate the history and
  philosophy of science explicitly.
• (Naiz,2000, Maria, 2002).

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Teaching and learning chemistry with history and
philosophy of science
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Teaching learning chemistry
chemistry has a fascinating story to tell
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Teaching matter and molecules

• Did you know that the 18th-century French chemist
  who is widely considered the father of modern
  chemistry was beheaded during the French
  Revolution?
• Can you name the only Nobel laureate in chemistry
  to also win a Nobel Peace Prize?

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Teaching matter and molecules

• 18th century to today student have learnt
• The discovery of oxygen
• The development of the periodic table
• The uncovering of the DNA double helix

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The Chemistry Blimp

• Gas Law
• Gay-Lussacs law

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Questioning

• The German zeppelin Hindenburg was filled with
  hydrogen gas. Not surprisingly, the airship was
  destroyed in a violent fire near Lakehurst, New
  Jersey, in 1937.
• - Write a balanced chemical reaction for
  the combustion of hydrogen.
• - Is this reaction exothermic or
  endothermic?

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Questioning

• Modern airships are filled with helium. Unlike
  hydrogen, helium doesn't burn. Use your knowledge
  of valence electron configurations to explain why
  helium is safer than hydrogen for use in
  airships.
• Balloons are usually filled with simple hot air
  instead of helium. Use the ideal gas law to
  explain why a hot air balloon floats.

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best ways to incorporate HPS suggested by the
experts

• Reproduction of historical experiments,
• Presentation of original historical texts,
• Infusion of stories during regular instruction,
• Systematic incorporation of historical materials,
• Historical references ("dates and names") where
  required

(Galili and Hazan,2001).
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Conclusion
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Summarize the reasons for the inclusion of HPS
in learning teaching science

• Better understanding of scientific concepts and
  methods
• Connection between development of individual
  thinking with development of scientific ideas
• Cultural-intellectual validity
• Understanding of nature of science

Matthews (1994, p. 50)
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Summarize the reasons for the inclusion of HPS
in learning teaching science

• Counteracting scientism and dogmatism (common in
  science education)
• Humanizing scientific contents, reduction of
  formalism
• Presenting integrative and interdependent nature
  of human achievements.

Matthews (1994, p. 50)
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Thank You