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Transdisciplinary Science in the Centers for Population Health and Health Disparities Initiative

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System, Media, Political System. Individual Risk ... Societal/Political ... Challenges with IRB & Advisory boards to understand the wide spectrum of the science ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Transdisciplinary Science in the Centers for Population Health and Health Disparities Initiative


1
Transdisciplinary Science in the Centers for
Population Health and Health Disparities
Initiative
  • AACR The Science of Health Disparities
  • February 4, 2009
  • Shobha Srinivasan, PhD
  • Division of Cancer Control and Population
    Sciences
  • National Cancer Institute

Phone 301.435.6614 Email ss688k_at_nih.gov
2
Mission of the CPHHD
  • Integrate the biological, genetic, behavioral,
    and population sciences to provide novel insights
    about health disparities.
  • Develop innovative new models methods that can
    simultaneously account for multiple factors and
    multiple levels.
  • Involve affected communities in addressing these
    disparities.

3
Centers for Population Health and Health
Disparities
DETROIT
BOSTON
PHILADELPHIA
CHICAGO
WASHINGTON
APPALACHIA
SANTA MONICA
GALVESTON
4
Social Conditions and PoliciesCulture, Norms,
Racism, SexismDiscrimination, Public Policies,
Poverty
Fundamental Causes
Institutions Health Care System, Families,
Churches, Community-based organizations,
LegalSystem, Media, Political System
Social/Physical Context Collective Efficacy,
Social Capital,Access to Resources, Social
Cohesion, Segregation, Neighborhood
Disadvantage, Neighborhood Stability
Upstream Factors
Patterns of Social Organization
Cancer/Health Disparities
Social Relationships Social Networks, Social
SupportSocial Influences, Social Engagement
Individual Risk Factors Age, SES, Education,
Obesity, Tobacco Use, Acculturation, Diet, Race
Downstream Factors
Individual Characteristics
Biologic/Genetic PathwaysAllostatic Load,
Metabolic Processes, Physiological Pathways,
Genetic Mechanisms
Biology
Source Warnecke et al., AJPH 2008
5
Continuum Ranging from Unidisciplinary to
Cross-Disciplinary Forms of Collaboration
  • Unidisciplinary - researchers from a single
    discipline work together to address a common
    problem
  • Multidisciplinary - researchers from different
    disciplines work independently or sequentially,
    each from his or her own disciplinary-specific
    perspective, to address a common problem
  • (Rosenfield, 1992)

6
Continuum Ranging from Unidisciplinary to
Cross-Disciplinary Forms of Collaboration
  • Interdisciplinary - researchers from different
    disciplines work jointly to address a common
    problem and although some integration of their
    diverse perspectives occurs, participants remain
    anchored in their own fields
  • Transdisciplinary - researchers from different
    disciplines work jointly to create a shared
    conceptual framework that integrates and moves
    beyond discipline-specific theories, concepts,
    and approaches, to address a common problem
  • (Rosenfield, 1992)

7
CPHHD Transdisciplinary Research
FrameworkEmerging Cross-Center Themes
Community Engagement
Neighborhood/Community Context
Impact on Patient and Community
Preclinical and Clinical Studies
Biomarker Animal Model Studies
Genotypes, Inflammatory Markers, Cortisol,
Biomarkers of Infection
Screening, Treatment, Etiology Behaviors
Dissemination of Research, Access to Care, Policy
8
Typology of Contextual Factors Influencing TD
Scientific Collaboration at Each Level of Analysis
(Stokols, Misra, Hall, Taylor, Moser, 2006)
9
Challenges at Multiple Levels
  • Individual disciplinary scholars
  • Reconcile different work styles, ways of
    knowing, tenure tracks
  • Professional organizations
  • Encourage cross-training familiarity with
    other perspectives
  • University administrations
  • Recognize reward team efforts
  • Funding agencies
  • Incorporate the time it takes to build
    maintain teams

10
Conceptual Model for Evaluating Collaborative
Initiatives
Near Term Markers / Outcomes
Intermediate Markers / Outcomes
Long Term Markers / Outcomes
ANTECEDENTS
HEALTH IMPACTS
COLLABORATIVE READINESS Environmental,
Intrapersonal, Interpersonal Factors
COLLABORATIVE CAPACITY Dynamic Processes and
Near-Term Outcomes
COLLABORATIVE PRODUCTS Scientific, Training,
Policy, and Health Outcomes
PRIOR TO INITIATIVE
YEAR 1
YEAR 3
YEAR 2
YEAR 4
YEAR 5
BEYOND
11
Increased Research Interactions
Before CPHHD
After CPHHD
12
Challenges/Lessons Learned
  • Establish partnership with and provide feedback
    (from the start) eg minimize burden on grantees
  • Balancing the use of objective and subjective
    data
  • Utilizing social science methods with basic
    science
  • Need analyzing trends and do predictive modeling
  • Importance of cross-initiative comparisons
  • Importance of maintaining support resources for
    sustained evaluation activities
  • Translating results into practical applications
  • Results should be well disseminated utilized

13
Challenges/Lessons Learned Funding Agencies
  • Grant Agencies must adapt to incorporate
    transdisciplinary research building teams
  • Evolution of funding mechanisms leadership
    structure/ budget issues adapting current
    practices
  • Data Sharing support and funding
  • Challenges with IRB Advisory boards to
    understand the wide spectrum of the science
  • Evaluation Outcome - What you get for the
    ROI
  • Ego Taking time to build a partnership

14
AJPM Supplement on the Science of Team Science,
August 2008
15
NIH-Supported Centers for Population Health and
Health Disparities (CPHHD) - RFA-CA-09-001
  • Partners
  • National Cancer InstituteNational Heart, Lung,
    and Blood InstituteOffice of Behavioral and
    Social Sciences Research
  • Dates
  • Letters of Intent Receipt Date April 29,
    2009Application Receipt Date May 29, 2009

http//cancercontrol.cancer.gov/populationhealthce
nters/cphhd/index.html
16
Cells to Society Overcoming Health Disparities
http//cancercontrol.cancer.gov/populationhealthce
nters/cphhd/index.html
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