Holocaust Timeline

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Holocaust Timeline
Institute of Contemporary History and Wiener
Library Limited
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January 30, 1933

• German President Hindenburg appointed Nazi party
  leader, Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Germany.

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Bachrach
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February March 1933

• Emergency clause in Weimar Constitution
• SS (Schutzstaffel) elite guard established Dachau
  concentration camp
• Enabling Act

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Bachrach
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April July 1933

• Law for Restoration of Professional Civil Service
• Book burning
• Law of Revocation of Naturalization

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Bachrach
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August 2, 1934

• Hindenburg died
• Hitler became Führer

http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_von_Hindenburg
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Bachrach
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April September 1935

• Nazi government banned Jehovahs Witness
  organization
• German Ministry of Justice revised Paragraphs 175
  and 175a
• Racial laws

Nazi propaganda photo depicts friendship between
an "Aryan" and a black woman. The caption
states "The result! A loss of racial pride."
Germany, prewar.
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Bachrach
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July 1936

• Construction of concentration camp Sachsenhausen

Mahn und Gedenkstaette Neuengamme
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Bachrach
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August 1-16, 1936

• Summer Olympic Games in Berlin, Germany
• Nazis efforts to prove their country as a
  respectable member

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Bachrach
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March October 1938

• German invasions
• Austria
• Czechslovakia

• Thirty-two countries meet at Evian Conference in
  France to discuss refugee aid

The Hotel Royal, site of the Evian Conference on
Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany.
Evian-les-Bains, France, July 1938. National
Archives and Records Administration, College
Park, Md.
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Bachrach
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November 1938

• Kristallnacht Night of the Broken Glass in
  Germany

Synagogue set on fire during Kristallnacht (the
"Night of Broken Glass"). Eberswalde, Germany,
November 1938. UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL
MUSEUM 55542
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Bachrach
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May June 1939

• St. Louis headed to Cuba and U.S. only to return
  to Europe

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Bachrach
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September 1939

• Invasion of Poland
• Beginning of WWII
• Britain France declared war on Germany

Greater Germany, September 1939
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Bachrach
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October November 1939

• euthansia killing centers for those deemed
  unworthy of life or incurable
• Deportation began in Poland
• By Dec. 1 all Jews must wear white badge with
  blue star of David

Hartheim Castle, a "euthanasia" killing center
where the physically and mentally disabled were
killed by gassing and lethal injection. Hartheim,
Austria, date uncertain.
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Bachrach
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April June 1940

• Invasion of Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands,
  Belgium, Luxembourg, and France
• First major Jewish ghetto in Lodz
• Auschwitz concentration camp built

National Museum of Auschwitz-Birkenau
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Bachrach
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November 1940

• Largest ghetto established - Warsaw

Beit Lohamei Haghettaot
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Bachrach
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June 1941

• Invasion of Soviet Union
• Einsatzgruppen activated

Members of an Einsatzkommando (mobile killing
squad) before shooting a Jewish youth. The boy's
murdered family lies in front of him the men to
the left are ethnic Germans aiding the squad.
Slarow, Soviet Union, July 4, 1941.Dokumentations
archiv des Oesterreichischen Widerstandes
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Bachrach
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July August 1941

• Ghetto in Minsk
• Reinhard Heydrich started plans for the final
  solution
• Ghetto in Kovno

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, New York
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Bachrach
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September 1941

• First Zyklon B gassing experiments at Auschwitz
• Two more ghettos in Vilna
• Jews aged six and older must wear yellow star of
  David
• Babi Yar

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Bachrach
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October November 1941

• More deportations to ghettos
• Extermination centers constructed at Belzec,
  Sobibor, Treblinka
• Addition to Auschwitz
• Theresienstadt ghetto

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, New York
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Bachrach
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December 7-11, 1941

• Dec. 7 - Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
• Dec. 8 - U.S. declared war on Japan Chelmo
  gassings began
• Dec. 11 Germany Italy declared war on U. S.

USHMM, courtesy of National Archives and Records
Administration, College Park
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Bachrach
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January 20, 1942

• Wannsee Conference for Final Solution

SS General Reinhard Heydrich
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Bachrach
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March - May 1942

• Systematically deporting Jews from France
• Auschwitz-Birkenau first selections for gassings

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, New York
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Bachrach
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July - August 1942

• Dutch Jews deported to Westerbork transit camp
• Warsaw ghetto deportations
• Treblinka killing center began gassing operations
• Jews deported from Belgium

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Bachrach
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March 1943

• Deported Jews from Greece

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Bachrach
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Bachrach
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April - October 1943

• Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
• Himmler ordered liquidation of all ghettos
• Prisoners revolted at Treblinka
• Revolt at Sobibor killing center
• Liquidated Minsk ghetto

National Archives and Records Administration,
College Park, Md.
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Bachrach
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November 1943

• Operation Harvest Festival "ERNTEFEST"

The SS and police kill about 42,000 Jews during
Operation Harvest Festival.
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Bachrach
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March 1944

• Hungary occupied by Germany

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Bachrach
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June 6, 1944

• D Day - British and American troops launched an
  invasion of France

National Archives and Records Administration,
College Park, Md.
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Bachrach
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July - November 1944

• Majdanek mostly evacuated, liberated by Soviet
  army
• Slovak resistance revolt
• Sonderkammando
• Theresienstadt deportations
• SS begin demolition of gas chambers at
  Auschwitz-Birkenau

Dokumentationsarchiv des Oesterreichischen
Widerstandes
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Bachrach
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January - April 1945

• death marches
• Soviet troops liberated Auschwitz
• U.S. troops liberated Buchenwald and Dachau
• Hitler committed suicide

USHMM, courtesy of KZ Gedenkstaette Dachau
Wide World Photo
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Bachrach
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May 1945

• German troops in Berlin surrendered to Soviet
  forces
• U.S. troops liberated Mauthausen
• V-E Day - Germany surrendered

National Archives and Records Administration,
College Park, Md.
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Bachrach
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August - September 1945

• DPs and later in 1948 Displaced Persons Act
• Japan surrendered

http//www.kaerbyskolen.dk/klasserne/lotteskl/2.ve
rdenskrig/Hiroshima2/tidslinie.htm
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Bachrach
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November 1945

• International Military Tribunal (IMT) began
  Nuremberg Trials

"crimes against humanity"
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Bachrach
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May 14, 1948

• Establishment of State of Israel

With the establishment of the State of Israel in
May 1948, two-thirds of the Jewish displaced
persons emigrated to that new sovereign country.
Due to new immigration laws, the United States
also admitted an estimated 80,000 Jewish
displaced persons between 1945 and 1952.
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Bachrach
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