Space Systems Concepts

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Space Systems Concepts

• Lecture 1
• John E. Brandenburg

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Space the Final Frontier
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Agenda

• Course overview we begin on Earth end in space
• Engineering of Space Systems
• System development process
• Engineering Reviews
• Management of Space Systems
• Problem assignments and quizzes

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Course overview

• Space systems engineering Earth
• Space environment
• Astrodynamics
• Spacecraft propulsion Flight Mechanics and Launch
  Systems
• Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control

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Course Overview Cont.

• Space Craft power Systems
• Space Craft Thermal control
• Spacecraft Configuration and mechanical structure
• Spacecraft materials
• Space Communications

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Course Overview Cont.

• Spacecraft Command and Telemetry
• Spacecraft Data Processing
• Spacecraft Reliability and Quality Assurance
• Spacecraft Integration and Test
• Electronic and Optical Systems
• Mission Operations

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Course overview

• Grading criteria
• Exams
• Homework-Quizzes
• Classroom discussions
• We want you all to succeed
• I will keep office hours one day a week here for
  consultations-consult early, consult often!
• I will try to use space folklore as much as
  possible.

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My Career in Space
Clementine Mission
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Defense
LACE and Strategic Defense
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Propulsion
MET project at FSI ( Florida Space Institute)
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Mars Science
Mars past climate modeling is crucial to planning
Human exploration- New Mars Synthesis See new
book The Real Mars
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Engineering of Space Systems

• System Definition and Value
• system an abstract concept, relating stimuli or
  data and outcomes of physical processes
• subsystem part of a larger system of systems
• Segment a group of associated subsystems
• Think of Spacecraft as a biological organism
• processes energy, data, maintains internal
  equilibrium, performs mission (even insects have
  missions)

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Engineering of Space Systems Cont.

• System-level Requirements ( or standards of
  judgement)
• The engineering process begins with a set of
  requirements
• Example orbit the Moon and map it in eleven wave
  bands form 10 microns to 250nm at 100meter
  resolution for under 100 million
• Notional design to meet requirements is developed
• Realization of system requirements modifies the
  notional design

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Engineering A System

• System-level requirements are defined
• Time interval for development and operations is
  defined (system life )
• System requirements cannot be simply met by an
  existing system
• We can draw on existing engineering practice
• The design can be broken down into segments or
  subsytems, (It can be posed..

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System Life Cycle phases

• Needs (mission requirements)
• Conceptualization and Requirements definition
• Planning and marketing
• Research and technology
• Engineering design
• Fabrication and assembly
• Integration and test
• Deployment, operation and phase-out

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System Development Process

• Need Driven System Requirements
• What is needed ?
• What is available to meet it?
• Constraints
• Physics
• Time and money
• Politics
• State of the Art

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System Development Process Phases

• Conceptual design
• A sketch
• Preliminary design
• Detailed drawing and specifications
• Detailed design
• Real parts and components
• Real constraints
• Design adjustments/ Redesign?
• New stuff doesnt always arrive as ordered

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Project Review Meetings

• MDR - Mission Design Review
• Conceptual designs for spacecraft and mission
• PDR- Preliminary Design Review
• Detailed designs are reviewed in meetings
• look at this thing through many eyes
• CDR- Critical Design Review
• Identify problems and fixes as project is
  underway
• LRR- Launch Readiness Review
• Is this thing ready for launch?

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Project Managment

• Gantt Charts- used for simple projects
• Milestone Chart
• Precendence Diagraming-used for complex projects
• The idea is to achieve efficiency of time and
  money
• Keep workforce working - steady stream of work
• Keep on schedule - the planets wont wait
• Stay on Budget keep reserves, pay big tickets
  first

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Example Clementine Mission

• Project planned, fabricated and launched in 2
  years
• Launch window was to allow lunar mapping and then
  asteroid flyby
• New miniature sensors were to be tested
• Problems arose
• New ,off the shelf, sensors had fabrication
  problems
• Software development lagged fabrication