Enable 08: Dignity and Justice for ALL

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Enable 08Dignity and Justicefor ALL

• ..its easy to say.

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Dignity and Justice universal principles for
all human beings

• What does this mean in practice ?
• firstly.respect for persons with disabilities
  as individuals
• Equality the right to be treated as equal
  citizens
• Safety the right to be safe from violence and
  abuse
• Home Family the right to be part of a family
  and start one...have relationships...
• Privacy the right to privacy, no matter where
  we live...

CIL Kathmandu, Nepal
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Dignity and Justice universal principles for
all human beings

• What does this mean in practice ?
• 2nd....inclusion of persons with disabilities in
  the Community....
•  Independent living a right to choose
• how we live in the community
• Work an equal right to work, in a
• chosen job, and earn a living
• Education an equal right to education,
• alongside others
• Health right to the best possible health care

India Self Help Groups (Coleridge)
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Dignity and Justice universal principles for
all human beings

• In practice this means
• ...changes in society are needed...
• Access equal right to access enjoyment of
  public
• spaces/services
• Political Life vote and a say in laws and
  policies
• New attitudes treated as any other person
• Culture Sports participate in arts, sports
  and leisure

Bangladesh Handicap International
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Dignity and Justice for All The
challenges....

• Getting the terminology right
• Overcoming Societal obstacles and barriers
• Righting the wrong assumptions
• Disability is a Human Rights issue
• The challenge of the poverty cycle
• The Millennium Development Goals disability is
  not on the guest list
• and the potentials....

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
1 Getting the terminology right

• What is disability?
• The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with
  Disabilities
• Article 1
•  
• Persons with disabilities include those who have
  long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or
  sensory impairments which in interaction with
  various barriers may hinder their full and
  effective participation in society on an equal
  basis with others

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
1 Getting the terminology right

• Maya 34 years old, lives in a rural area of
  Malawi...
• ...injured her back in a road traffic accident
• Taken district hospital, diagnosed spinal cord
  injury
• (physical impairment).
• Cannot move her legs can sit up, but cant walk
• (functional limitation).
• Family takes her home cant afford hospital
  care
• (economic situation a barrier to recovery)
• No social welfare system to assist with costs
• (policy environment a barrier to
  affordability).

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
1 Getting the terminology right

• Maya given a wheelchair but home on a hill, with
  
• steps, so cant independently move around herself
  
• (physical environment a barrier to mobility).
• She can sit up and do many things, she stays
• at home perception of her community is she
• can no longer take part in community activities
  
• (attitudes are a barrier to participation in
  community life)
• RESULT gt Maya has a disability which is a
  combination of all
• these factors.
• Terminology should respect the dignity,
  rights and diversity of PWDs

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge 2
Overcoming Societal Obstacles Barriers
The Medical Model of disability
Welfare Social Services
Need for Cure Care
Sheltered Employment
Problem Disabled Individual
Medical Professionals
Special Institutions
Special Transport
Hospitals and medical services
Therapists Specialists
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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge 2
Overcoming Societal Obstacles Barriers
The Social Model of disability
Prejudice Discrimination
No Employment opportunities/ discrimination
Isolation Segregation
Problem Disabling SOCIETY
No Rights
No access to education
Inadequate rehabilitation services
Inaccessible transport
Inaccessible Buildings (schools, offices,
hospitals)
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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge 2
Overcoming Societal Obstacles Barriers
An integrated Approach is necessary for inclusion
of PWDs within society. No-gap solutions gt
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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge 2
Overcoming Societal Obstacles Barriers

• Access Audit of Shelters/Stands
• Most shelters audited were inaccessible
• Barriers No Steps, proper seating, lighting,
  signboards, route map, time charts,
• no ramps
• Access road potholed and flooded with water
• Alternative use as a vending place fruits,
  snacks etc
• For those with visual, hearing, speech,
  intellectual disabilities require escort
• Private vehicle stands located in crowded
  places, no traffic signals, zebra crossings

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
3 Righting wrong assumptions

• Assumption There are not so many persons with
  disability why make effort
• for just a few?
• Reality
• An estimated 650 million persons with
  disabilities in the world - represents
• between 7-10 of global population worlds
  largest minority group (WHO)
• 80 live in developing countries (UNDP)
• Estimated PWDs increased by 20 across the
  Asia Pacific region - Tsunami
• Dec 04 (World Bank)
• 2006 UNICEF household survey (20 countries,
  200,000 households) indicated
• disability prevalence from 3 (Uzbequistan)
  - 48 (Central African Republic)
• for children aged 2-9
• 2007 disability survey in rural/urban highlands
  of PNG 12-30 prevalence
• (Callan Services, VSO, Divine Word Univ,
  Melanesian Insitute)

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
3 Righting wrong assumptions

• Assumption Costly solutions reside in hospitals,
  elaborate equipment and specialised medical
  staff.
• Reality
• Cost to ensure new buildings accessible averages
  1.12, ranging from 0.1
• for public building to 3 for individual homes
• CBR developed by WHO to give access to
  rehabilitation in communities
• using predominantly local resources
• Most needs of PWDs can be met by mainstreaming
  disability within programmes and services, with
  increased awareness, change in attitudes, and
  making minor (practical) adjustments , for
  example....

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Minor Adjustments Can Mean a Lot (1)
Two wooden posts to guide a blind person to a
toilet or a water tap Water E ngineering
Development Centre Loughborough University, UK
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Minor Adjustments Can Mean a Lot (2)
Raised Platform provides better access
Concrete ramp from house to toilet and water tap
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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
4 Disability is a Human Rights issue

• The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with
  Disabilities
• Purpose to promote, protect and ensure the full
  and equal enjoyment of
• all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all
  persons with disabilities, and to promote respect
  for their inherent dignity
•  Significance
• Affirms the rights of persons with disabilities
• are human rights
• Gives universal recognition to the dignity
• of persons with disabilities.
• Both a development and a human rights instrument

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
4 Disability is a Human Rights issue

• The Convention marks a paradigm shift in
  attitudes and approaches to persons with
  disabilities. From charity to rights and
  dignity.
•  
• Persons with Disabilities are
• not viewed as "objects" of charity, medical
  treatment and social protection
• .but as "subjects" with rights, and capable of
  claiming those rights and
• can make decisions for their lives based on
  their free and informed consent, and are..
• active members of society.

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge 5 The
Poverty cycle...

• WB estimates persons with disabilities comprise
  20 of poorest of the poor

• As many as 50 of impairments leading to
  disabilities are preventable related to poverty

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
6 The Millennium Development Goals Disability
is not (even) on the guest list !

• Unless disabled people are brought into the
  development mainstream it will be impossible to
  cut poverty by half by 2015 or to give every girl
  and boy the chance to achieve a primary education
  by that date (i.e. achieve the MDGs)
•  
• James Wolfensohn, former president of the
  World Bank

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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
6 The Millennium Development Goals Disability
is not (even) on the guest list !

• MDG 1 Reduce extreme poverty and hunger by half
• Challenges...
• WB estimates persons with disabilities comprise
  20 of the poorest of the poor
• Approx. 20 of all disabilities caused by
• malnutrition and gt 10 by infectious diseases.
• An estimated 80 of people with disabilities
• are unemployed (ILO)
•  

BPKS Bangladesh
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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
6 The Millennium Development Goals Disability
is not (even) on the guest list !

• MDG 2 Achieve Universal Primary Education
• Challenge...
• 90 of children with disabilities in developing
  countries do not attend school (UNESCO)
• One third of the 77 million children out of
• school have a disability (World Vision)
•  

Includeeverybody.org
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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
6 The Millennium Development Goals Disability
is not (even) on the guest list !

• MDG 3 Promote Gender Equality and Empower
  Women
• Challenges...
• WWD are recognised as doubly disadvantaged,
• on account of gender disability
• Women and girls with disabilities are more
  likely
• to be victims of violence and sexual abuse.
• Only 1 percent of women/girls with disabilities
  estimated to be literate
• (UNDP).
• WWDs often no access to vocational training,
  IGAs and micro-credit
•  

CBM Naughton
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Dignity and Justice for All Challenge
6 The Millennium Development Goals Disability
is not (even) on the guest list !

• MDG 4 Reduce Child Mortality
• Challenge...
• Mortality for children with disabilities as high
  as 80 even in
• countries where lt 5 mortality has decreased
  below 20 (DFID)
• CWDs face discrimination in relation to
  life-saving treatments,
• health care, child care services
• and education
•  

CBM Naughton
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Dignity and Justice for All The
challenges....

• Getting the terminology right
• Overcoming Societal obstacles and barriers
• Righting the wrong assumptions
• Disability is a Human Rights issue
• The challenge of the poverty cycle
• The Millennium Development Goals disability is
  not on the guest list

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Dignity and Justice for All The
challenges....and the potentials......

• Getting the terminology right
• respect the dignity, rights and diversity of PWDs
  (UNCRPD..)
• reflect the social model of disability (societal
  barriers -gtdisability)
• Overcoming Societal barriers/obstacles..
• 1st recognize, then address physical,
  social,
• cultural, institutional, attitudinal
  barriers.
• No-gap solutions (e.g. rehab access
  attitudes)

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Dignity and Justice for All The
challenges....and the potentials......

• Righting the wrong assumptions
• Worlds largest minority group
• Solutions and adjustments not as difficult or
  costly
• Disability is a Human Rights issue
• Resource, advocate, implement, monitor, enforce
  the UNCRPD
• Promote the shift from charity to rights
  and dignity
• Strengthen disabled peoples orgs. for
  collective action
•  

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Dignity and Justice for All The
challenges....and the potentials......

• 5. The challenge of the poverty cycle
• CBR approach - access to rehabilitation in
  communities
• Mainstream disability within all
  development programmes and
• services - awareness, attitudes, PWD
  inclusion
• The MDGs disability is not on the guest list of
  donors/govts
• Disability a cross-cutting issue include govt.
  plans, PRSPs etc
• Collect accurate reliable data to monitor
  inclusion PWDs
• Participation of DPOs in MDG-related
  policy/decisions
•  

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Dignity and Justice for All Justice for
Balaama of Koppal ....

• Case Study
• challenges faced by a woman with an impairment
• the value of training and livelihood support in
  building confidence
• Societal barriers and discrimination
• advocating for the rights for PWDs
• the power of collective action at a political
  level
• Dignity and Justice
• achieved !!

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Enable 08Dignity and Justicefor ALL

• ..Thank you.