THE INFORMATION AGE IN WHICH YOU LIVE

1

• Chapter 1
• THE INFORMATION AGE IN WHICH YOU LIVE
• Changing the Face of Business

2
Presentation Overview

• Todays Economic Environment
• Information as a Key Resource
• People as a Key Resource
• Information Technology as a Key Resource
• Roles and Goals of Information Technology

3
A Case StudyCan Technology Catch You Having An
Affair?

• Technology is pervasive, and often invasive.
• How can technology be inadvertently used for
  good and bad purposes?

4
Introduction

• Information age a time when knowledge is power.
• Knowledge worker works with and produces
  information as a product.
• Outnumber all other types of workers by a
  4-to-1 margin.

5
Introduction

• Management information systems (MIS) deals with
  the planning for, development, management, and
  use of information technology tools to help
  people perform all tasks related to information
  processing and management.
• Today, called IS in US and IT overseas

6
Todays Economic Environment

• To be successful in todays economic environment,
  you must
• Know your competition.
• Know your customers.
• Work closely with your business partners.
• Know your organization inside and out.

7
Todays Economic Environment The E.conomy

• Electronic commerce is commerce, but it is
  commerce accelerated and enhanced by information
  technology.
• Telecommuting the use of communications
  technologies to work in a place other than a
  central location.
• Virtual Workplace a technology-enabled
  workplace. No boundaries.

8
Todays Economic Environment The E.conomy
Percentage of Sites that Plan to Add Telecommuting
9
Todays Economic Environment The Now Economy

• Characterized by the immediate access customers
  have to the ordering of products and services.
• An ATM is an example of a product in the now
  economy.

10
Todays Economic Environment The Now Economy

• M-commerce electronic commerce conducted over a
  wireless device such as a cell phone or personal
  digital assistant.

Team Work
I Want It!
11
Todays Economic Environment The Global Economy

• Global economy one in which customers,
  businesses, suppliers, distributors, and
  manufacturers all operate without regard to
  physical and geographical boundaries.
• Transnational firms produce and sell products
  and services in countries all over the world.

12
Todays Economic Environment The Global Economy
13
Todays Economic Environment The Arriving Digital
Economy

• Digital economy marked by the electronic
  movement of all types of information including
  physiological information such as
• Voice recognition
• Speech synthesization
• Biometrics
• Holograms

14
Information as a Key Resource

• Information is one of the key components of
  Information Systems.
• We are in the information age, a time when
  knowledge is power.
• Knowledge comes from information.

15
Information as a Key Resource Data Versus
Information

• Data raw facts that describe a particular
  phenomenon.
• Information data that have a particular meaning
  within a specific context.
• (Data Model Information)

16
Information as a Key Resource Personal
Dimensions of Information

• The three personal dimensions of information
  include
• Time
• Location
• Form (media)

17
Information as a Key Resource Personal
Dimensions of Information

• Time dimension
• When you need it.
• Specific time period.
• Location dimension
• No matter where you are.
• Form dimension
• Useable and understandable.
• Free of errors.

18
Information as a Key Resource Organizational
Dimensions of Information

• Strategic management provides overall direction
  and guidance.
• Tactical management develops the goals and
  strategies.
• Operational management manages and directs the
  day-to-day operations.
• Nonmanagement employees perform daily
  activities.

19
Information as a Key Resource Organizational
Dimensions of Information

• The four flows of information include
• Upward describes the current state of the
  organization based on its daily transactions.
• Downward consists of the strategies, goals, and
  directives that originate at one level and are
  passed to lower levels.

20
Information as a Key Resource Organizational
Dimensions of Information

• Information flows continued
• Horizontal between functional business units
  and work teams.
• Outward information that is communicated to
  customers, suppliers, distributors, and other
  partners for the purpose of doing business.

21
Information as a Key Resource Organizational
Dimensions of Information

• Information granularity refers to the extent of
  detail within the information.

22
Information as a Key Resource Organizational
Dimensions of Information

• What the information describes can include
• Internal information specific operational
  aspects of the organization.
• External information the environment
  surrounding the organization.
• Objective information something that is known
  ().
• Subjective information something that is
  unknown (believed/scaled).

23
People as a Key ResourceInformation and
Technology Literacy

• The single most important resource in any
  organization is its people.
• Technology-literate knowledge worker a person
  who knows how and when to apply technology.

24
People as a Key ResourceInformation and
Technology Literacy

• Information-literate knowledge workers
• Define what information they need.
• Know how and where to obtain information.
• Understand the information.
• Act appropriately based on the information to
  help the organization achieve the greatest
  advantage.

25
People as a Key ResourceYour Ethical
Responsibilities

• Ethics the principals and standards that guide
  our behavior toward other people.
• Ethics are different from laws as they are a
  matter of personal interpretation.
• Ethics have a right and wrong outcome according
  to different people (subcultures).

26
People as a Key ResourceYour Ethical
Responsibilities

• Hacker very knowledgeable computer user who
  uses his or her knowledge to invade other
  peoples computers.

27
People as a Key ResourceYour Ethical
Responsibilities
28
Information Technology as a Key Resource

• Information technology any computer-based tool
  that people use to work with information and
  support the information and information-processing
  needs of an organization. Made up of
• Hardware physical devices that make up a
  computer.
• Software set of instructions that the hardware
  executes to carry out a specific task.

29
IT as a Key ResourceKey Technology Categories

• Hardware categories
• Input devices
• Output devices
• Storage devices
• Central processing unit
• Random access memory
• Telecommunications devices
• Connecting devices

30
IT as a Key ResourceKey Technology Categories

• Software categories
• Application software
• Operating system software
• Utility software

31
IT as a Key ResourceDecentralized Computing and
Shared Information
32
IT as a Key ResourceDecentralized Computing and
Shared Information

• Decentralized computing environment in which an
  organization splits computing power and locates
  it in functional business areas and on knowledge
  workers desktops.
• Shared information environment in which an
  organizations information is organized in one
  central location.

33
Roles and Goals of Information Technology

• Increase employee productivity
• Enhance decision making
• Improve team collaboration
• Create business partnerships and alliances
• Enable global reach
• Facilitate organizational transformation

34
Roles and Goals of IT1 - Increase Employee
Productivity

• Online transaction processing (OLTP) the
  gathering of input information, processing that
  information, and updating existing information to
  reflect the gathered and processed information.

35
Roles and Goals of IT1 - Increase Employee
Productivity

• Transaction processing system (TPS) processes
  transactions that occur within an organization.
• Customer-integrated system (CIS) An extension
  of a TPS that places technology in the hands of
  an organizations customers and allows them to
  process their own transactions.

36
Roles and Goals of IT 1 - Increase Employee
Productivity
37
Roles and Goals of IT2 - Enhance Decision Making

• Online analytical processing (OLAP) the
  manipulation of information to support decision
  making.
• Artificial intelligence the science of making
  machines imitate human thinking and behavior.
• Neural network an artificial intelligence that
  is capable of finding and differentiating
  patterns.

38
Roles and Goals of IT 2 - Enhance Decision Making

• Executive information system (EIS) a highly
  interactive IT system that allows you to first
  view highly summarized information and then
  choose how you would like to see greater detail,
  which may alert you to potential problems or
  opportunities.

39
Roles and Goals of IT3 - Improve Team
Collaboration

• Collaboration system designed specifically to
  improve the performance of teams by supporting
  the sharing and flow of information.
• Groupware software components that supports the
  collaborative efforts of a team.

40
Roles and Goals of IT 3 - Improve Team
Collaboration

• Groupware contains support for
• Team dynamics
• Document management
• Group document database acts as a powerful
  storage facility for organizing and managing all
  documents related to specific teams.
• Applications development

41
Roles and Goals of IT4 - Create Business
Partnerships and Alliances

• Interorganizational system (IOS) automates the
  flow of information between organizations to
  support the planning, design, development,
  production, and delivery of products and
  services.

42
Roles and Goals of IT 4 - Create Business
Partnerships and Alliances

• Electronic data interchange (EDI) the direct
  computer-to-computer transfer of transaction
  information contained in standard business
  documents, such as invoices and purchase orders,
  in a standard format.

43
Roles and Goals of IT5 - Enable Global Reach

• Business today is global business.
• Culture the collective personality of a nation
  or society, encompassing language, traditions,
  currency, religion, history, music, and
  acceptable behavior, among other things.

44
Roles and Goals of IT6 - Facilitate
Organizational Transformation

• Organizational transformation is necessary to
  respond to the ever-changing needs (and wants) of
  todays marketplace.
• Blockbuster now provides movies on a pay-per-view
  rental basis through cable.

45
You and Your Information

• Information travels with you and is captured and
  stored by a number of organizations.
• Trust and accuracy of information is important.
• Do you trust organizations to maintain accurate
  information about you?

46
How Much of Your Personal Information Do You
Want Businesses to Know?

• Businesses need information about you to provide
  the best possible products and services.
• How much of your information do you want others
  to be able to access?

47
Visit the Web to Learn Morewww.mhhe.com/haag

• Job databases
• Electronic resumes
• Searching newspapers for job ads
• Locating internships
• Interviewing and negotiating tips
• Organization sites and job postings
• Employment opportunities with the government