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Engaging Students in Learning Activities

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student-centered cognitive. student-centered affective. Questions to Consider. Is this content primarily factual, experiential, conceptual, or attitudinal? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Engaging Students in Learning Activities


1
Engaging Students in Learning Activities
  • Mark H. Gelula, Ph.D.
  • Director of Faculty Development
  • Department of Medical Education
  • mgelula_at_uic.edu

2
The Online Classroom
  • Fast communication across distances
  • Anytime learning and teaching
  • Integration of the computer

3
Caveats
  • Technical skills
  • All participants must have access to suitable
    hardware and software
  • Bandwidth is usually limited
  • Technological problems

4
Pedagogical Decisions
  • Learners and their needs
  • Motivation
  • How can my course material help the students in
    their lives outside of the course
  • Learning styles an important consideration for
    every online teacher

5
Instructors and their teaching model
  • four types of teaching models
  • discipline-centered,
  • teacher-centered,
  • student-centered cognitive
  • student-centered affective

6
Questions to Consider
  • Is this content primarily factual, experiential,
    conceptual, or attitudinal?
  • Is this content better approached by an
    individual activity, a group activity, or both?
  • Should units be completed at each students own
    pace, or should there be deadlines for
    assignments?

7
Instructional methods
  • Lectures and readings
  • fixed material to students passive
  • Discussions and group activities
  • allow students to interact as they grapple with
    course material active
  • Exercises and simulations
  • provide individual students with an opportunity
    to try out course concepts in a limited way and
    thus enhance their understanding experiential

8
Modes of Interaction
  • Two basic concepts
  • the shape of the communication.
  • the timing of the communication

9
Shape of the Communication
  • A course activity may be
  • Solitary (like individual reading)
  • One-to-one communication (as in a tutorial)
  • One-to-many (as in a lecture)
  • Many-to-many (as in a discussion).

10
Timing of the Communication
  • Synchronous communication
  • Asynchronous communication

11
Synchronous Communication
  • Participants receive the communication at the
    time that it is spoken (or written)
  • Telephone calls

12
Asynchronous Communication,
  • Some delay between the time the speaker speaks
    and the listener hears.
  • correspondence by mail.
  • "telephone tag" and voice mail messages.

13
Communication Shape, Venue, and Timing
14
Technological decisions
  • Software
  • Hardware
  • Network Bandwidth
  • Security

15
A Learning Taxonomy
  • 1. Knowledge arrange, define, duplicate, label,
    list, memorize, name, order, recognize, relate,
    recall, repeat, reproduce state.
  • 2. Comprehension classify, describe, discuss,
    explain, express, identify, indicate, locate,
    recognize, report, restate, review, select,
    translate,
  • 3. Application apply, choose, demonstrate,
    dramatize, employ, illustrate, interpret,
    operate, practice, schedule, sketch, solve, use,
    write.

From Distance Learning Resource Network's
Technology Resource Guide Chapter 4 Bloom's
Taxonomy. http//www.dlrn.org/library/dl/guide4.ht
ml
16
A Learning Taxonomy
  • 4. Analysis analyze, appraise, calculate,
    categorize, compare, contrast, criticize,
    differentiate, discriminate, distinguish,
    examine, experiment, question, test.
  • 5. Synthesis arrange, assemble, collect,
    compose, construct, create, design, develop,
    formulate, manage, organize, plan, prepare,
    propose, set up, write.
  • 6. Evaluation appraise, argue, assess, attach,
    choose compare, defend estimate, judge, predict,
    rate, core, select, support, value, evaluate

17
What about Lectures?
  • Streaming audio-video
  • PowerPoint presentation
  • Textual
  • Lecture
  • Notes
  • Supplements

18
Kolbs Learning Cycle
19
Experiential Learning
Experiencing
Applying
Sharing
Generalizing
Processing
º
º
20
Activity and Learning
Didactic Meaning External to Learner
Experiential Meaning Internal to Learner
Role Play
Exp. Lec
Read i ng
Discussion
Instrumnt
Simulation
Lecture
Case
21
Three Principles
  • Active and experiential learning
  • Dynamic student to student discussion
  • Opportunities for reflective thought followed by
    relative risk taking

22
More than Distributing Information
  • Processes to assist students as they
  • discover how to think critically and
    reflectively
  • work collaboratively
  • establish leadership skills
  • learn to exchange ideas leading to
  • productive problem-solving
  • careful decision making,
  • substantive applied learning.

23
Vary Group Size and Purpose
  • Students learn to
  • relate concepts to each other
  • develop new strategies and approaches to problems

24
Organizational Process for a Typical Course Week
25
Asynchronous Discussions
  • General class conferences are for the use of all
    of the students in the class. These conferences
    appear in every students conference list, and
    include Announcements
  • Topical class conferences are associated with
    each of the topics covered in the course. These
    conferences are also open to all students, and
    appear in every students conference list, after
    the general conferences.

26
Asynchronous Discussions
  • Small group conferences are used by each of the
    4-5 person student groups in the course. Each
    students conference list includes only the small
    group conference for their group
  • Private conferences are for discussion between an
    individual student and the instructors. Using
    private conferences rather than email allows both
    student and instructor to keep everything
    associated with the course in one place.

27
Asynchronous Discussion Examples
  • Four per-group conferences
  • Four per-group conferences with topical
    sub-conferences
  • Four per-group conferences with weekly
    sub-conferences
  • Eight per-week conferences with group
    sub-conferences

28
Asynchronous Discussion Examples
  • Three topical conferences with group
    sub-conferences
  • Three topic conferences with weekly
    sub-conferences and group subsubconferences
  • 2-person paper review
  • Co-writing papers
  • Case analysis

29
Synchronous Discussions
  • Text
  • Computer bulletin board systems and Unix systems
    have long supported text-based synchronous chat
    discussions.
  • Audioconferencing and Videoconferencing

30
How to Suggestions
  • Use Small Group Sizes
  • Find Group Facilitators
  • Set Deadlines
  • Focus on Goals
  • Ask Questions
  • Lie Back

31
Specific Activities
  • Problem-based Learning
  • Case Analysis
  • Peer Teaching
  • Group Writing
  • Critical Incident Discussions
  • Nominal Group Technique
  • Delphi Process and Polling
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