Policies and Measures to Address Climate Change in Korea

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Policies and Measures to Address Climate Change
in Korea

• Shin Boo-nam
• Deputy Director-General
• MOFAT, KOREA

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Contents

• I. Koreas Unique Energy Situation
• II. Government Response to Climate Change
  Mitigation
• II-1 Energy Conservation Measures
• II-2 Energy Supply Measures
• III. Energy Demand and GHG Projection to 2020
• IV. The Way Forward

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I. Koreas Unique Energy Situation

• four-decades-long transformation from predominant
  agricultural
• economy into export-oriented industrial
  economy
• energy sector responsible for more than 80 of
  the GHG emissions
• 10-fold increase in Koreas primary energy
  consumption
• during the last three decades, reaching
  215 million TOE in 2003
• total gross emissions of GHG 154.7 million TCE
  in 2002

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II. Government Response to Climate Change
Mitigation

• Established Inter-Ministerial Committee on the
  Framework Convention on Climate Change (1998)
• Chaired by the Prime Minister
• Comprised of competent Ministries, national
  research institutions, and industries
• Adopted The Third Comprehensive National Action
  Plan for the Framework Convention on Climate
  Change (effective from 2005 to 2007)
• Financial funds amounting to 20 billion dollars,
  including 8 billion dollars from private sector,
  being earmarked for the Plan

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II-1. Energy Conservation Measures

• Voluntary Agreement
• Participation of more than 1,000 factories, with
  58 of industrial energy use in 2003
• Demand Side Management (DSM) Program
• Promotes efficient utilization of energy through
  a rebate system for high-efficient electricity
  appliances
• Fuel-efficiency Rating and Labeling Program
• Encourages car manufacturers to produce more
  fuel-efficient vehicles

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• Promotion of Mass Transit System
• Integration of the subway and bus lines, along
  with expansion of bus-only lanes in metropolitan
  areas proved quite successful
• Energy Efficiency Rating and Labeling Programs
• Adopted for various household appliances
• (eg. refrigerators, air conditioners,
  clothes washers, incandescent bulbs, fluorescent
  lamps)

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II-2. Energy Supply Measures

• Power Sector Measure
• Expansion of nuclear and natural gas in the power
  sector regarded as important option in Korea
• Promotion of Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
• Provides heat and power to more than 500
  factories in
• 21 industrial complexes over the country
• Low Carbon Energy System the role of renewable
• Target being set to raise the share of new and
  renewable
• energy in total primary energy consumption
  to 5 by 2011
• from current 2.3

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III. Energy Demand and GHG Projection to
2020

• Koreas energy demand and resultant CO2 emissions
  projected to increase through 2020
• Total primary energy demand and the resultant
  carbon dioxide emissions projected to increase at
  an average annual increase of 2.8 percent and 2.3
  percent respectively between 2002 and 2020
• Table 1 - Indicators on Primary Energy
  Consumption and
• CO2 Emissions from Energy
  Sector

2002 2010 2020 02 - 20
Primary energy (million TOE) 209 269 340 2.8
Per Capita energy use (TOE/Person) 4.4 5.4 6.7 2.4
CO2 Emissions (Mil TC) 128 162 193 2.3
Per Capita CO2 (TC) 2.7 3.3 3.8 2.0
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• Main drivers behind increasing energy demand and
  resultant CO2 emissions
• GDP growth
• increasing ownership of vehicle and household
  appliances
• growing number of household
• ? However, the demand for primary energy
  expected to grow more slowly than GDP through
  2020, due to notable factors such as downward
  trend of energy-intensive manufacturing

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IV. The Way Forward

• Korea projected to witness growing energy demand
• in the coming decades.
• Worlds toughest challenge meeting the future
  energy demand and
• reducing GHG emissions while not impeding
  economic development
• Development of more efficient technology emerging
  
• as a long-term viable option for meeting
  the worlds
• challenge.
• Annex I parties have significant role by
  spearheading
• technological assistance
• In accordance with the principle of CBDR and the
  specific circumstances
• of each country as stipulated in UNFCCC

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Thank you!!