Pesticide LAWS and / or Pesticide Safety

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Pesticide LAWSand / orPesticide Safety

• Montana State University
• Pesticide Safety Education Program

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Pesticide Laws vs. Pesticide Safety

• What came first.
• Pesticide Law or Pesticide Safety

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Problems with slack laws

• Pest resistance
• Increasing levels of chemical output
• Chemicals persisted in environment
• Biomagnifications
• Non-target impact
• Public concern

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Pesticide LAWS

• 1947 FIFRA
• Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide
  Act
• Must be registered by USDA eventually EPA
• Usage be safe
• Properly labeled

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Job of EPA

• Enforce FIFRA
• Register Products (must include data)
• transportation
• Inspect Sites (proper storage and disposal)
• Certify Applicators for application of restricted
  use products.
• EPA gives power to state to enforce mandated EPA
  plan (MDA)

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FIFRA and You

• Farm Applicator Producing Ag. Commodity on
  Property owned or rented by applicator who wishes
  to apply restricted use.
• Commercial Applicator Applicator who uses or
  supervises the use of restricted use pesticides
  for property not owned or rented by applicator.

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State of Montana Certification System

• Approved in 1976 by EPA
• Farm Applicators
• 1) Pass a written exam with a 70 or better
  without benefit of pesticide courses
• 2) Attend a 6 credit pesticide training course
  and completing an ungraded examination

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Worker Protection Standards

• WPS passed in 1992 by EPA
• Is designed to limit farm workers exposure to
  pesticide
• Reduce adverse affects when exposure occurs
• Educate workers

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What does this mean

• 1) Pesticide Label must contain a section on
  Agricultural Use Requirements

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What else?

• 2) Information at a central location
• a - Placards
• Must be placed in central location (Door)
• Signs must be at least 14 by 16, and the
  letters at least 1 high.
• Must be visible during
• any pesticide mixing,
• loading, or applications.
• Remove once area has
• been cleaned

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Information at a central location

• 2b Information Exchange
• 1) Notice about pesticide applications
• -where, when, and what
• 2) Specific handling instructions
• 3) Early entry instructions
• 4) Placard up to serve as warning
• 5) Emergency assistance

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Information at a central location

• 2c MSDS sheets (specimen labels)
• Provide details on responses to both acute and
  chronic exposures.
• Handling and Storage Procedures
• Provides basis for protective gear (PPE)
• www.greenbook.net

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What else

• 3) Pesticide Safety Training for Workers
• 4) Decontamination Sites
• - Water, Soap, and Towels

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Who does WPS apply to?

• All Commercial / Government Applicators
• All Private Applicators who have workers,
  applicators, or handlers that are not immediate
  family.
• Still must follow step 1 (Ag. Use Requirements).

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EPA Civil and Criminal Penalties

• 500 1,000 dollar warnings
• Knowing violations constitute more of a penalty.
• Examples
• Selling a RUP to a person not certified
• Giving pesticides away
• Use a pesticide inconsistent with its label
• Altering a pesticide label
• Failure to keep records or allow inspection

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Federal PesticideRecordkeeping(1990 Farm Bill)

• Only for restricted use chemicals
• 14 days from time of application
• Maintain for 2 years
• HOW

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HOW?

• 1) Applicators name and certification number
• 2) Month/Day/Year of application
• 3) Location of application Identify exact
  area with USDA maps, GPS, legal property
  description
• 4) Size of area to be treated (acres, square
  feet etc..)
• 5) Crop applied to and stage

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HOW? Cont

• 6) Total amount of product applied
• - undiluted product
• 7) Brand (product name) of pesticide
• 8) Target pest (insect, pathogen, or weed)
• 9) Weather conditions
• 10) EPA registration no.

Is monitored by MDA periodically!
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Montana Pesticide Laws

• Montana Pesticide Act
• Taking over for the EPA in the enforcement of
  FIFRA
• Montana Water Quality Act
• Polluting state waters
• Ground waters
• Runoff into stream

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Montana Ag. Chemical Groundwater Protection Act

• Establishing water quality standards for
• agricultural chemicals Monitoring of groundwater
• to determine whether residues of agri-chemicals
• are present or if there is a likelihood that
• agrichemicals may enter groundwater
• Development of management plans for the
• protection of groundwater resources through the
• management of agrichemicals.

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What drives behaviors?ARE WE SCARED?

• QUESTIONS ON LAWS

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LAWS versus Safety
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Many grow complacent

• Failure to catch offenders
• Some laws seem non-practical and excessive in
  field situations
• Excessive heat
• Economics
• Many feel safe in todays world of safer
  chemicals (pyrethroids or herbicides)

ARE WE!
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Some of our Safest chemicals

• Chronic Affects Evident
• Immune system problems
• Sores, Rashes

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Acute symptomsSymptoms of OP and Carbamate
Poisoning

• Mild
• headache, fatigue, dizziness
• Moderate
• muscle twitching,
• unable to walk,
• pinpoint pupils
• Severe
• unconscious, seizures,
• death

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Mode of Entry
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Mode of Entry
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Specimen Label

• Access at www.greenbook.net
• Information regarding personal protective
  equipment for specific chemical
• First Aid Information
• REI (Restricted Entry Interval)
• Gives you toxicity category

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Signal Words

• Danger-Poison (I) Very High Toxicity
• Danger (I) High Toxicity
• Warning (II) Moderate Toxicity
• Caution (III) Low Toxicity
• Caution (IV) Relatively Nontoxic

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What does this mean?
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PPE
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Agricultural Use Requirements
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PPE

• Coveralls
• Chemical Resistant Suits, Gloves, Footwear,
  Aprons, and Headgear.
• Protective Eyewear
• Respirators

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Wovens

• CLASS I - Wovens (Low Toxicity)
• Blue Jeans, Cotton Coveralls
• Absorb Chemicals
• For Toxicity Class III or IVgt
• Beware of rips in garments
• CLASS II Nonwovens (Moderate Toxicity)
• - Nonwovens (Warning)
• - Synthetic Materials
• Tyvek, Comfort-Gard, Kleenguard LP, Tyvek QC,
  Saranex
• Toxicity Category II gt

CAUTION
Warning
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Coated / Laminate Suits
Danger

• For Toxicity Class I
• PVC, Nitrile, Rubber
• Tychem
• sealed seems.
• Non-breathable
• Do not use rain suits
  with cotton liners

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Gloves

• Want unlined gloves!
• Nitrile, Neoprene, PVC
• Do Not Wear Leather Gloves!
• Do Not Wear Latex gloves!
• Check for holes often!
• Want 14 mils or higher!

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Head and Neck Covering

• Straw Hat?
• Ball Cap?
• Hard Hat?
• Hoods??
• Beware of sweat bands with hats which cause
  continuous skin contact

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Eyewear

• Goggles
• Face Shields
• Safety Glasses
• But never wear contacts when
  spraying pesticides!!!

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RespiratorsRead Specimen Label

• ½ mask particulate versus cartridge masks
• Cartridge
• Fitted facepiece and replaceable filters
• Not for fumigants
• Prefix of NIOSH/MSHA TC
• Vapors

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Inspect PPE

• Make sure you have no smells
• What should you do?
• Cartridges expired renew every year
• Is it clean and has it been cleaned?

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Storage

• Store in a clean dry place away from pesticides
  and containers.
• Avoid direct sunlight and high temperatures.

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First AidHeat Injuries vs. Pesticide Injuries

• Heat Injuries Pesticides Injuries
• Sweating Sweating
• Headache Headache
• Fatigue Fatigue
• Dry Membranes Moist Membranes
• Dry Mouth
• No tears or spit Salivation, spit, tears
• Fast pulse Slow Pulse
• Dilated pupils Pinpoint Pupils

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First Aid Chemical Cont.

• DO NOT ATTEND TO EXPOSED INDIVIDUAL WITHOUT
  PROPER PPE!
• Refer to MSDS or Specimen Label for proper
  procedure which will vary according to which
  route of exposure.
• Eyes, inhalation, ingestion, and skin.
• Rocky Mountain Poison Control Center
• 1-800-222-1222
• Save pesticide container

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After you dial

• Emergency Workers will need
• Product Name (active ingredients)
• EPA registration (on MSDS sheet)
• Transport individual directly to hospital.

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Dont Grow Complacent

• Many ignore LAWS when not seemingly practical or
  no visual enforcement
• Be aware of LAWS Enforce your safety
• Dont use as a scare tactic
• Understand this is about you and your families
  Safety!

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Situation Critical(Heat and PPE)

• Heat will promote mistakes
• Can happen to anyone

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Situation Critical(Safe Chemicals and Disposal)
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Contact Information

• Cecil Tharp
• Pesticide Education Specialist
• 406-994-5067
• ctharp_at_montana.edu
• www.pesticides.montana.edu

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Questions