US Participation in International Arctic Science

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SBI PHASE 2 2004 FIELD PLANNING MEETING
USCG Base, Seattle, WashingtonDecember
3-5, 2003
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2002 4 cruises (mooring, process) 2003 3
cruises (mooring, survey) late winter helo
survey ONR ice camp 2004 4 cruises, late winter
helo survey
http//sbi.utk.nsf
The goal of the SBI global change project is to
investigate the production, transformation and
fate of carbon at the shelf-slope interface in
the Arctic as a prelude to understanding the
impacts of a potential warming of the Arctic
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(Courtesy E. Carmack)
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• RUSALCA
• Russian-American Long-term Census of the Arctic
• 18-19 November 2003, Moscow, Russia
• (NOAA-Arctic Program and
• Russian Academy of Sciences)

• Focus Chukchi Sea to slope Herald Canyon
• Deployment and servicing of a Mooring in the
  Western Bering Strait, Enhance records of water
  and nutrient fluxes through the Bering Strait
• Characterization of the Arctic water column,
  seafloor and biota where climate change should
  have a large signal (including exploration for
  ecological indicators of climate change and the
  Arctic Census of Marine Life)
• Investigate the occurrence of methane hydrate
  formations in the Chukchi/Bering Sea regions
• Planning cruise on Russian ice-strengthened ship
  RV Khromov
• Working towards building long-term record of
  climate change

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3rd SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI) PAN-ARCTIC
MEETING Scaling up Regional Studies of Arctic
Shelf-Basin Interactions Pan-Arctic and Global
Perspectives 3-6 November 2003 Cádiz,
Spain Sponsored by the U.S. National Science
Foundation Arctic System Science Program, SBI
Project Office and The University of Cádiz,
Spain
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• International SBE Working Group of AOSB
  (http//www.aosb.org/SBE.html)
• coordination of on-going, planned and developing
  shelf-basin exchange projects via Arctic Ocean
  Sciences Board working group format
• 12 international members (Canada, China,
  Germany, Japan, Norway, Sweden, Russia, USA)
• 1. Jackie Grebmeier (Chair)-USA, Chukchi and
  Beaufort seas, SBI, bio. ocean
• 2. Leif Anderson-Sweden, high Arctic, chemi.
  ocean
• 3. Eddy Carmack-Canada, Beaufort sea, JWACS,
  phys. ocean
• 4. Mickle Flint-Russia, bio. ocean
• 5. Louis Fortier-Canada, eastern Beaufort Sea,
  CASES, bio. ocean
• 6. Heidemarie Kassens-Germany, Laptev Sea, geo.
  ocean
• 7. Wieslaw Maslowski-USA, Arctic modeling
• Ruediger Stein-Germany, Kara Sea, SIRRO, geo.
  Ocean
• Koji Shimada-Japan, Chukchi/Beaufort seas,JWACS,
  phys. ocean
• 10. Leonid Timokov-Russia, Laptev Sea/East
  Siberian Sea, phys. ocean
• 11. Paul Wassman-Norway, Barents Sea, CABANERA,
  bio. ocean
• 12. Jinping Zhao-China, Bering/Chukchi/Beaufort,
  Arctic, phys. ocean
• CABANERACarbon Flux and Ecosystem Feedback in
  the Northern Barents Sea in an Era of Climate
  Change
• CASESCanadian Arctic Shelf-Exchange Study

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• Data Collections Issues
• ship access political (e.g., access into Russian
  waters), physical (e.g., ice primary limiting
  factor CAA) also ship availability and
  continuity
• modeling need information from regional studies
  to identify data gaps use modeling to guide
  further observational study needs
• regional location identify data available vs.
  data gaps
• need for time series data and scaling issue
  discussion, e.g., how to take monthly sampling
  and extrapolate to annual cycles?
• Data gaps
• need for drifting buoys and upper ocean
  observations and winter observations
• surface 0-25 m data gap area not accessible by
  current mooring technology due to ice damage
• twilight zone area in water column under top
  down or bottom up controls, e.g. heterotrophic
  control is an important issue

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Xuelong Cruise
BS-EO
SOME ARCTIC PROJECTS AND ONGOING/PLANNED ARCTIC
SHELF-BASIN EXCHANGE (SBE) STUDY SITES
SBI
ESS IARC/AARI
JWACS
CASES
Laptev Sea Project

• SBE sites
• past polynya studies
• ASOF mooring sites
• EO sites
• ice camps
• educational sites
• smaller projects

NABOS
NP-EO
SIRRO 1
SIRRO 2
SWITCH YARD
NOW
CABANERA
PACE
NEW
ASOF
ASOF
IBCAO Map
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List of Acronyms for SBE Map
ASOFArctic-Subarctic Ocean Flux CABANERA
Carbon Flux and Ecosystem Feedback in the
Northern Barents Sea in an Era of Climate
Change CASES Canadian Arctic Shelf Exchange
Study (http//www.giroq.ulaval.ca/cases) JWACS
Joint Western Arctic Climate Study Laptev Sea
Polynya Project NABOS Nansen-Admunsen Basin
Observing System NEW Northeast Water Polynya
project (completed) NOW Northwater Polynya
Project (completed) PACE Pan-Arctic Climate
Experiment SBI Western Arctic Shelf-Basin
Interactions (http//sbi.utk.edu) SIRRO
Siberian River Runoff Project (1, nearshore 2,
offshore/slope) SWITCHYARD Circulation in the
Freshwater Switchyard of the Arctic
Ocean Contact Information for SBE Jackie
Grebmeier (Chair jgrebmei_at_utk.edu)
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PAN-ARCTIC SBE SNAPSHOT proposal for IPY07/08
Pan-Arctic Shelf-Basin Exchange transect lines
for standard physical and biogeochemical
measurements/w moorings, also process-oriented
measurements when practical

• SBE sites
• ASOF mooring sites
• EO sites
• ship access
• aircraft access

ASOF
IBCAO Map
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Consensus on need for focused studies at shelf
break to investigate potential changes with ice
retreat northward over the shelf break, change
seasonality of shelves and shelf break upwelling,
thus CO2 budget and shelf-basin fluxes need
begin develop an international network of
regional studies as ramp-up to IPY07/08 Arctic
Snapshot in order to initiate ability to scale
up regional to pan-Arctic modeling
1) Standard suite measurements (temperature,
salinity, transmissivity, fluorescence, PAR,
currents, nutrients, oxygen, carbon measurements
(DIC, DOC, pH), atmospheric measurements from
ship, and chlorophyll biomass 2) Process
studies around backbone of key observatory sites
located at 300-600 m depth (shelf break region)
around the Arctic 3) Satellite coverage 4)
Modeling effort, 1-D, 3-D, coupled biophysical
regional models 5) Technological development
needed to incorporate biochemical sensors to
mooring arrays 6) Pan-Arctic is people related
have harvestable production, resource use, and
transportation issues associated with ice retreat
from shelves
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Polar bear and cubs-spring 2002
M. Webber-USFWS