Energy Conservation in Public Spaces College Waste Reduction

1
Energy Conservation in Public SpacesCollege
Waste Reduction

• Juliana Berger
• Margeux Clemmons
• Scott Novich

2
The Problem

• Rapid economic growth, especially in the
  developing world, is expected to increase world
  energy consumption by over 50 by 2025
• - Samuel W. Bodman, US Secretary of Energy

3
The Problem

• Rice University 17 of  14.2 million
• Our Focus College Waste
• College Common areas have lights on 24/7!
• Energy supply and distribution problems! Future
  sustainability
• Our solution Motion-sensing lighting controls.

4
Overview

• Methods
• Information gathering ?
• Presence-detection experiment
• Results and analysis
• Proposed solutions
• Conclusion
• QA

5
Methods Gather Information

• Research
• Occupancy sensors available in Market
• Prior Experiences at Rice University
• Contacts
• Housing and Dining
• Will Rice Diet and Masters
• Dept. of Facilities, Engineering, and Planning

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Overview

• Methods
• Information gathering
• Presence-detection experiment ?
• Results and analysis
• Proposed solutions
• Conclusion
• QA

7
Methods The Experiment

• Goal Determine how often/when commons is
  occupied
• Setup a webcam
• Take images every 2 min.
• Use simple DSP on images
• (Current Frame) (Previous Frame)/2
• Use Matlab to compute and generate plots

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Methods The Experiment
Absrgb2gray(Img1)-rgb2gray(Img2)/2
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Overview

• Methods
• Information gathering
• Presence-detection experiment
• Results and analysis ?
• Proposed solutions
• Conclusion
• QA

10
Results
11
Results
12
Results
13
Results
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Analysis

• Avg. hours free/evening 10
• Light configuration
• 54 34W lights
• 54 60W lights
• 5.076kW total
• 50.76kWh/Day potentially saved
• Cost calculation
• 5.076kW x 0.12/kWh
• 0.61/Hour
• 6.09/Day (x10 hours)
• 2,223/Year (x365 days x10 hours)
• Annual energy use comparison
• All Colleges 10335795kWh
• Will Rice Commons 18527kWh (.18)

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Overview

• Methods
• Information gathering
• Presence-detection experiment
• Results and analysis
• Proposed solutions ?
• Conclusion
• QA

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Proposed Solutions

• www.wattstopper.com provides a Design and
  Application Guide
• Step 1. Evaluate space characteristics
• Step 2. Match sensor technology to an application
• Step 3. Layout and specify
• Step 4. Installation and commission
• Occupancy sensor units include
• Motion detector device
• Electronic control unit
• Controllable switch/relay

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Proposed Solutions

• Important Considerations
• Not for use with dimming circuits
• Most effective with high density light fixtures
• Wiring such that light switches are accessible
• Placement

2 Image from Hubbell Automation, Inc.
OMNIDT/OMNIDTRP Install Instructions.pdf
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Proposed Solutions

• Placement details
• Room size and shape
• Location of windows, doors, hallways
• Differing activity levels
• Ducts, vents, fans
• Ceiling height

3 Image from Hubbell Automation, Inc.
OMNIDIA/OMNIDIARP Install Instructions.pdf
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Proposed Solutions

• Desirable features
• Coverage
• 360 degree
• 2000 or more sq. ft.
• Adjustable timer and sensitivity
• Manual override
• Dual technology
• Self-adjusting technology
• Self-contained power supply

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Installation Features

• Placement recommendations
• Infrared masking areas to control interference
• Wiring diagrams available with sensors to install
  with various configurations

1 Image from Hubbell Automation, Inc.
OMNIDT/OMNIDTRP Install Instructions.pdf
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OMNIUS/OMNIUSRP

• Features
• IntellADAPT Technology
• 2000 sq. ft. coverage
• memory for settings
• Available through Hubbell Automation, Inc.

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CUI5002000P

• Features
• Self-contained power supply
• 2000 sq. ft.
• Adjustable time delay and sensitivity
• Hubbell Automation, Inc.

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PIR10

• 360 degree field view
• Long-range motion detection
• 1500 sq. ft.
• Hubbell Automation, Inc.

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Other useful devices

• Relays
• Daylighting controls and photo sensors
• High bay controls
• Data logger recorders
• Occupancy sensors for corridors and smaller study
  areas

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Overview

• Methods
• Information gathering
• Presence-detection experiment
• Results and analysis
• Proposed solutions
• Conclusion ?
• QA

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Conclusions

• Occupancy sensors have the potential to save Rice
  University thousands of dollars in energy savings
  annually
• Would also have a solid impact on the
  Universitys carbon footprint
• Approx. cost /room 250
• Approx. annual savings/commons 2,223
• Easily make back on investment lt year
• Carbon Footprint savings
• 1kWh electricity 0.45kg of carbon
  (thenewscentre.co.uk)
• Will Rice 18527kWh (annually) x 0.45kg 9.2
  Tons
• Total potential savings (all commons) 83 Tons

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Sources

• Flumach, Bob. Rice University Department of
  Facilities and Engineering. Oral Interview.
• Valentine, Eric. Rice University Energy
  Management Coordinator. Oral Interview.
• "United States Department of Energy Homepage."
  US Department of Energy . 12 Feb 2007
  ltwww.energy.govgt.
• "Strategic Plan of 2006." US Department of Energy
  . 12 Feb 2007 lthttp//www.energy.gov/about/strateg
  icplan.htmgt.
• Energy Information Administration, "2005 Energy
  Overview." 2005. 13 Feb 2007 lthttp//www.eia.doe.g
  ov/emeu/aer/pdf/pages/sec1_4.pdfgt.
• "Occupancy Sensor Design and Application Guide."
  Watt Stopper. 2007. Watt Stopper/Legrand. 16 Apr
  2007 lthttp//www.wattstopper.com/getdoc/OSappsNewD
  esignFinal.pdfgt.
• "Products." Hubbell Building Automation, Inc..
  2006. Hubbell Building Automation, Inc.. 12 Apr
  2007 lthttp//hubbell-automation.com/gt.
• ...measure your carbon footprint
  thenewscentre.co.uk, 2005 lthttp//www.thenewscentr
  e.co.uk/pdfs/howto0903.pdfgt

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Questions?
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We Kindly Thank YouFor your Attention and
Consideration