Desegregation%20policy%20and%20its%20impact%20in%20Hungary

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Desegregation policy and its impact in Hungary

• Viktória Mohácsi
• Member of European Parliament

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Segregation of Romani children in Hungarian
education

• Inadequate/missing pre-school education
• Segregated schools, classes (more than 30 of
  Romani children)
• Over-representation of Roma in special schools
  and classes (20 of Romani children)
• High drop out rate
• The chances of a Romani child to obtain a degree
  are 50 times less than that of a non-Roma

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Combating segregationLegal Background

• Ban of segregation
• Constitution
• Public Educational Act
• Equal Treatment Act

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Combating segregationActions for desegregation I.

• Special education (for mentally disabled)
• Re-examination of children in special schools
• Supervision of services in special schools
• Professional development of Expert Committees
  examining mental health
• New per-capita funding for re-integration
  children into mainstream education
• New culture-independent testing methods (HROP)
• Electronic data collection system (HROP)
• Restriction of laws regulating examinations

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Combating segregationActions for desegregation
II.

• Integration Programme
• National Educational Integration Network
• Professional support
• Institutional network of schools
• Knowledge and experience sharing
• Per-capita funding
• Integrated education (2004/05 2.256.000 EUR,
  17.539 children)
• Skills development (2004/05 4.600.000 EUR,
  31.936 children)
• Re-integration children into mainstream education
• Extra-curricular activities

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Combating segregationActions for desegregation
III.

• Amendments of Public Educational Act
• Definition of disadvantagedness and integrated
  education
• Extend of compulsory school age (from 16 to 18)
• Etc.
• Kindergarten
• Free meal for disadvantaged children
• Compulsory enrollment of disadvantaged children

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Impacts I.

• 230 children were replaced from special education
  to mainstream education as a result of
  reexamination
• Litigations on segregation cases
• Afternoon-schools (extra-curricular activities,
  Tanoda)
• Infrastructural development of schools

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Figure I.
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Figure II.
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Figure III.
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Figure IV.
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Country UNDP/ILO. of Romani children educated in segregated classes/schools/special schools. Estimate of Romani children educated in segregated classes/schools/special schools.
Czech Republic 28 75
Slovakia 40 50
Hungary 28 45
Romania 32 87
Bulgaria 49 70
official statistic NGO estimate NGO
estimate according to regional researches
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Country of Romani children among all students in special schools.
Czech Republic 90
Slovakia 90
Hungary 80-90
Romania 89
Bulgaria 80-90
official statistic NGO estimate NGO
estimate according to regional researches
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EP Resolution on the situation of Roma in the EU
I.

• having regard to the racially segregated
  schooling systems in place across several Member
  States, in which Roma children are taught either
  in segregated classes with lower standards or in
  classes for the mentally handicapped recognising
  that an improvement in access to education and
  opportunities for academic achievement for Roma
  is crucial to the advancement of Romani
  communities wider prospects

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EP Resolution on the situation of the Roma in the
EU II.

• Calls on Member States in which Roma children are
  segregated into schools for the mentally disabled
  or placed in separate classrooms from their peers
  to move forward with desegregation programmes
  within a predetermined period of time, thus
  ensuring free access to quality education for
  Roma children and preventing the rise of
  anti-Romani sentiment amongst schoolchildren

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Council Directive 2000/43/EC

• For the purposes of this Directive, the principle
  of equal treatment shall mean that there shall be
  no direct or indirect discrimination based on
  racial or ethnic origin. Within the limits of the
  powers conferred upon the Community, this
  Directive shall apply to all persons, as regards
  both the public and private sectors, including
  public bodies, in relation to (g) EDUCATION

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Thank you for your attention!ContactViktória
Mohácsivmohacsi_at_europarl.eu.intEuropean
ParliamentASP 09G20950, Rue Wiertz Bruxelles,
B-1047Tel. [phone], Fax. [phone]