GENDER AND ICT genere'in3uoc'edu msainziuoc'edu Document presented at the International Colloquium o

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GENDER AND ICTgenere.in3_at_uoc.edumsainzi_at_uoc.e
duDocument presented at the International
Colloquium on Empowering Women in Engineering and
Technology.Tunisia, 6-8 June 2007
Espai de paginació 2 / 25
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What is the Digital Divide?

• The term "digital divide" refers to the gap
  between individuals, households, businesses and
  geographic areas at different socio-economic
  levels with regard to both their opportunities to
  access information and communication technologies
  (ICTs) and to their use of the Internet for a
  wide variety of activities.
• The digital divide reflects various differences
  among and within countries (OECD, 2006)

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Main Digital Divide indicators
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Why this program?

• The gender digital divide reflects the under
• representation of women in the ICT-related
  fields.
• Literature (Bucy, 2000 Castaño, 2005 Fink
  Kenny, 2003
• Korupp Szydlik, 2005 among others) has
  commonly
• distinguished between
• First Digital Divide gap in access to new
  technologies
• Second Digital Divide gap in types of use and
  intensity of new technologies

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First Digital Divide Access
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Second Digital Divide Intensity of use
E-living survey, 2003
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Second Digital Divide Types of use
E-living survey, 2003
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Diagnoses of needs

• Systematic and comparable data
• Homogenous body of indicators
• Interdisciplinary research
• Suitable and multiple methodological approaches

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Main objectives of the program

• Meeting the mentioned needs is required to
• account for a satisfactory study of gender gaps
  in participation in three main areas of the
• technological field
• Education
• Labor market
• Investigation

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Main objectives of the program (II)

• Studying the relationship between women
• and ICT also requires the integration of the
  following components
• a)Facts (statistical indicators about access,
  
• uses, barriers, etc)
• b)Trends (considering time-evolvement)
• c)Attitudes and opinions (expectations,
  empowerment, types of users, etc)

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Education Women under-representation in
technological studies
Source Eurostat through INE, 2001
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Research questions on educational issues

• Which are the main reasons of women drop out and
  scarcity in technological studies? Is that a
  question of technophobia? Anxiety? Lack of trust?
• Advantages and disadvantages of the programs to
  encourage women enrollment in ICT related studies
  (Programa Dona, Carnegie Mellon, Technoclub, etc)
• Does academic curriculum meet professional
  necessities and expectations? In which way could
  be reconsidered the role played by ICT subjects
  in increasing women participation in these
  careers?

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Investigation Women under-representation in
research activities
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Research questions on the field of
investigation

• Is it really increasing the rate of women
  acceding to scientific and technological areas?
• Which are the principal barriers for women to
  access to authority posts in these fields?
• Are these barriers cultural or institutional? How
  could they be tackled?

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Labor Market Women under-representation in ICT
occupations
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Research questions on women participation in the
labor market

• Which is the gap between women participation in
  the global labor market and their share in ICT
  related sectors and activities?
• What factors contribute to explain the
  post-sorting in the labor market of men and women
  with similar educational background?
• What kind of educational, institutional and
  political strategies could help to increase the
  representation of women in technological
  occupations?

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Major research proposals

• Labor market and investigation fields
• Application to the Ministry of Industry (MYTIC)
  (2007-2008)
• Education Field
• Application to the Ministry of Work and Social
  Issues (MTAS) and the Woman Institute
  (2007-2009)

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Diffusion activities

• Contributions to congress
• Jornadas de Tenerife. Encuentros educativos. Mayo
  2007.
• International Colloquium on Empowering Women in
  Engineering and Technology. Tunisia, June 2007
• IX Spanish Congress of Sociology. Barcelona,
  September 2007
• X National Congress of Social Psychology. Cádiz,
  September 2007

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Methodological Procedures

• Interdisciplinary perspective of work (combining
  psychological, sociological and economic
  approaches)
• Application of qualitative/quantitative
  techniques of analysis
• Integration of academic and professional outlooks
• Promotion of international research exchanges

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• Directed by Cecilia Castaño Full Professor of
  Applied Economy, Universidad Complutense of
  Madrid.
• Research Team
• Margarita Artal
• María Caprile
• Milagros Sáinz
• Margarita Torre
• Contact E-mails genere.in3_at_uoc.edu
• msainzi_at_uoc.edu

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