Intro to Biology

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Intro to Biology
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• April 2006

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Instructions for Class Notes

• Go through each slide.
• Notes you see next to this picture should be
  written down
• Put them in your own words
• There are sounds so adjust your computer volume
  accordingly.
• Dont move on to the next slide until you see
  this.

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Characteristics of Living Things

• Organism is another word for living thing
• Examples include
• People
• Pets
• Insects
• Plants
• Moss
• Slime Mold?
• (Yes...even slime mold!)

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So...What classifies something as a living thing?

• There are 6 important characteristics
• Cellular Organization
• Contain Similar Chemicals
• Use Energy
• Grow Develop
• Respond to Their Surroundings
• Reproduce

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1. Cellular Organization

• All organisms are made of small building blocks
  called cells
• Cells are the basic unit of structure and
  function in organisms
• You could fit 1,000,000 of the smallest cells on
  the period at the end of this sentence.
• Organisms may be unicellular
  - composed of 1 cell (or) multicellular -
  composed of many cells

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What do cells look like?
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• Animal and plant cells share important
  characteristics but they are not identical

You are made of trillions of cells!
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
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2. Contain Similar Chemicals

• The cells of all organisms are made of chemicals
• The chemical found the most is water
  (H2O). Others include
• Carbohydrates a cells energy source
• Proteins Lipids a cells building material

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3. Use Energy
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• The cells of organisms use energy to
• Grow
• Repair injured parts
• Do what living things must do!

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4. Grow Develop

• Growth is the process of becoming larger
• Development is the process of change an organism
  goes through to become a more complex
  organism

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5. Respond to Their Surroundings

• A stimulus is a change in an organisms
  surroundings that causes the organism to react
• A response is an action or change in behavior
  when reacting to something else

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More on Stimulus Response

• For example Has someone ever leapt out at you
  from behind a door?
• If so, it is likely you jumped or screamed
• Stimulus Your friends sudden motion
• Response You jumping screaming!

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6. Reproduce

• Reproduce means to produce offspring
  that are similar to the parents
• Robins lay eggs that develop into young robins
  that resemble their parents
• Sunflowers produce seeds that develop into
  sunflower plants, which in turn make more seeds
• Bacteria produce other bacteria exactly like
  themselves

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Use the 6 Characteristics

• Which of the following are organisms and which
  are not? (click for answer)

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FERNS
X
v
WATER
v
CLOUDS
X
MUSHROOMS
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Review

• Organism is another word for living thing
• There are 6 characteristics of living things
• Cellular Organization
• Contain Similar Chemicals
• Use Energy
• Grow Develop
• Respond to Their Surroundings
• Reproduce

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The End