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Feudalism

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Feudalism, a political & economic system based on land ... Tortoise - Protection from arrows. Mongonel - Flung rocks. Literature of Chivalry. Epic Poetry ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Feudalism


1
Feudalism Chivalry
  • Ch. 13 Sect. 2 3

2
Feudalism
  • Main Idea
  • Feudalism, a political economic system based
    on land-holding protective alliances, emerges
    in Europe
  • Why It Matters
  • The rights duties of feudal relationships
    helped shape todays forms of representative
    government

3
Invaders Attack Western Europe
  • Vikings from Scandinavia
  • - Worship warlike gods
  • - Warriors, traders, farmers, explorers
  • -Leif Ericson (N America in 1000)

4
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5
  • Viking fighting in Europe ended
  • - gradually accepted Christianity
  • - warmer climate made farming easier

6
Magyars
  • Nomads from the east
  • Superb horsemen
  • Invaded around 800s

7
Muslims
  • Struck from the south
  • 600s-700s wanted to conquer settle Europe
  • 800s-900s
  • wanted to plunder
  • Europe could no longer look to central ruler for
    security

8
Feudalism Emerges
  • Agreements made in Europe
  • - pledge loyalty in return for land (i.e.
    Charles Rollo)
  • Feudal system emerges - based on rights
    obligations

9
  • For military protection other services, lords
    (landowners) gave fiefs (land) to vassals
    (nobles, bishops)

10
Feudal Pyramid
Wealthy landowners such as nobles bishops
King
Vassals
Mounted horsemen who pledged to defend lords
lands in exchange for fiefs
Knights
Peasants
11
Defined Social Classes (3 Groups)
  • Nobles knights those who fought
  • Church officials those who prayed
  • Peasants those who worked

12
Most peasants were serfs
  • Serfs people who were bound to land they worked
    (could not leave place where born)

13
Economics of Feudalism
  • Manor lords estate
  • Manor system was economic in nature

14
lord provided serf with housing, farmland,
protection
  • Women shared farm work with their
    husbands
  • All peasants, free or serf, paid the
    lord certain duties

serf tended lords lands, cared for animals,
did other tasks
15
  • Serfs peasants raised or produced everything
    necessary for daily life crops, milk, cheese,
    fuel, cloth, leather goods, lumber

16
Harshness of Manor Life
  • Peasants paid taxes
  • - taxes on grain, taxes on marriage
  • Peasants paid tithe (1/10 of income) as church
    tax
  • Serfs lived in crowded cottages
  • Men, women, children of age worked
  • Life expectancy 35 years

17
Chivalry
  • Main Idea
  • The code of chivalry for knights glorified both
    combat romantic love
  • Why It Matters
  • The code of chivalry has shaped modern ideas of
    romance in Western culture

18
Knights
  • Armored soldiers on horseback
  • Leather saddles stirrups
  • Warring nobles vying for power
  • Feudal lords raised private armies of knights

19
  • Knights were rewarded with fiefs
  • Main obligation was to serve in battle
  • 40 years of combat
  • Lives revolved around training for war

20
Code of Chivalry
  • Courage in battle
  • Three masters
  • - feudal lord
  • - heavenly Lord
  • - his chosen lady
  • Protect weak poor

21
Knights Training
  • Age 7 sent off to castle of another lord
    (waited on his hosts practiced fighting skills)
  • Age 14 rank of squire (servant to knight)
  • Age 21 full-fledged knight
  • Traveled for tournaments (mock battles)

22
Reality of Warfare
  • Castles with massive walls guard towers
  • Mantlet - Shielded soldiers
  • Strategies poured boiling water, oil, or molten
    lead on enemy soldiers
  • Archers

23
  • Battering Ram
  • Trebuchet - Slingshot
  • Tortoise - Protection from arrows
  • Mongonel - Flung rocks

24
Literature of Chivalry
  • Epic Poetry
  • Legendary heroes
  • The Song of Roland
  • Love Poems
  • Songs
  • Troubadours - Traveling poet-musicians
  • Falsified knights and women

25
Womens Role in Feudal Society
  • Noblewomen could
  • - inherit an estate
  • - send knights to war
  • - defend castles
  • Most lives were limited

26
  • Peasant women...
  • - endless labor
  • - learned from mother
  • - were poor powerless
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