Title: Status and Plans for Development of RealTime Water Monitoring by the U'S' Geological Survey
1Status and Plans for Development of Real-Time
Water Monitoring by the U.S. Geological Survey
- Richard KroppNew Jersey District Chief
- Eric F. VowinkelNJ Drinking Water Quality
Specialist and Liaison to USEPA and NJ
Universities - Glenn G. PattersonHeadquarters, Reston, VA
- U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological
Survey
2Objectives of Presentation
- Describe status of current real-time water
monitoring networks operated and maintained by
the USGS especially in New Jersey. - Discuss USGS plans and partnerships for
development of real-time water-quality monitoring
at the National level. - Identify cooperative project on susceptibiltiy
assessment of community water supplies
3USGS Mission(What are USGS Water Safety
Concerns?)
- The USGS serves the Nation by providing reliable
scientific information to - Describe and understand the earth
- manage water, biological, energy, and mineral
resources - minimize loss of life and property from natural
disasters and - enhance and protect our quality of life.
4The USGS water program has
- more than 100 years of history in data collection
at the national, regional, and local level - more than 30 years of real-time monitoring of
water - real time dissemination of data on the Internet
for about than 4 years.
5USGS real-time monitoring program offers
nationally consistent methods and provides an
infrastructure for
- long-term operation and maintenance of platforms,
- computer processing, analysis, and archiving of
data, - interpretation of results at local, regional, and
national scales.
6USGS Strengths
- Long Term Data Acquisition and Database Storage
- Experience in Realtime Networks
- Data Analysis and Interpretation
- Highly Qualified Staff
- Cost-share in Projects
7USGS Real-Time Monitoring Networks in New Jersey
- What kind of monitoring systems do you have now?
- Streamflow gages
- Tidal gages
- Flood- and drought-warning
- Ground-water levels
- Surface-water quality
8DATA COLLECTION PLATFORM, TRANSMISSION BY
SATTELLITE, STORAGE, AND DISPLAY ON INTERNET
9Mechanics of Real-Time Network
- Three-way reporting for back-up satellite,
radio, and telephone - Data collected every 15 minutes
- Satellite reports every 4 hours, future will have
hourly reporting. - Telephone and radio can be set to report more
often - Alarm capabilities at preset levels
- Results displayed on the internet
10http//nj.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/rt
11Streamflow gages
- Statewide coverage
- Presently 90 gages
- 40 real-time stations
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13Tidal gages
- 27 stations
- Base stations at 4 county emergency response
offices - Connected to State Police, Department of
Transportation, and National Weather Service
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15Flood-Warning Networks
- Operate and maintain four systems with 40 stream
gages and 21 rain gages. - Passaic River
- Somerset County
- Rahway River
- Pascack Brook in Bergen County
16Ground-Water-Level Network
- Part of a new drought network started in 2001
- Presently 7 sites
- Expanding to 15 sites by 9/30/02
- Eventually 1 per county
17http//nj.usgs.gov/publications/FS/fs-011-02/
18Stream-Water Quality
- Routine sampling at 110 sites jointly with NJDEP
- Presently three real-time stations, monitor for
basic parameters DO, pH, conductivity, specific
conductance, and turbidity. - Passaic River
- Delaware River
- Ramapo River
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21Advances in Water-Quality Sensing Technology
- Glenn G. Patterson
- U.S. Geological Survey
- Reston, VA
22Overview
- Expanding opportunities to meet needs of USGS and
cooperators - New partnerships
- Sensors available now
- Sensors under development
23Meeting Needs for Time-Relevant Data
- Provide data to decision-makers in time for
action - Detect accidental or intentional releases
- Improve efficiency of USGS monitoring programs
24New Partnerships
- DOE Sandia Labsfield test sensors
- Army Soldier Biological and Chemical CommandUSGS
field test sensors and supply water samples in
Maryland/D.C. District - Defense Threat Reduction Agency (currently only
on advisory committee)
25Sensors Under Development
- Sandia LabsMicro-Chemlab on a Chip
GC
LC
www.sandia.gov
26Does USGS use any models to predict the effects
of source water and distribution network
contamination?
- 3-D modeling of ground-water flow
- Surficial aquifer studies
- Modeling of surface-water quality using SPARROW
- Developing susceptibility models for NJDEP Source
Water Assessment Program
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28Susceptibility of Public Community Water Supplies
in New Jersey to Contamination by Regulated
Constituents
- In cooperation with NJDEP for USEPA Source Water
Assessment Program
29Objectives of Cooperative Project with NJDEP
- Create geographic information system- and
statistically based models - Rank public community wells and intakes into low,
medium, and high susceptibility to contamination
by regulated constituents - Susceptibility Hydrologic sensitivity
Land-use intensity
30Public Community Wells
- 606 Community
- 2405 wells
- 59 SW intakes
- 3545 Noncommunity
- 882 Nontransient
- 1100 wells
- 3 SW intakes
- 2663 Transient
- 2793 wells
(April 25, 2002)
31SW Intakes and USGS Water-Quality Sampling Sites
- 59 SW Intakes
- USGS SW water-quality sites
32Sample SW Delineation
33Summary
- USGS has the knowledge, capability, and
experience to maintain and operate long term
real-time monitoring networks - Can work cooperatively on projects
- There is a national commitment to help protect
the water supplies of the nation
34USGS- NJ Web Site
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36Sensors Available Now
- Whole-water toxicity--sentinel species
- Semi-volatiles--HPLC with Solid-phase extraction
- VolatilesGC with in-situ purge and trap
37Whole Water ToxicityAutomated Bioassays with
Sentinel Species
http//ireland.iol.ie/metrotec/quikload/Azur/azur
.htm
38Whole Water ToxicityAutomated Bioassays with
Sentinel Species
- Daphniabbe-Moldaenke Toximeter
39Whole Water ToxicityAutomated Bioassays with
Sentinel Species
- Algaebbe Moldaenke Algal toximeter
http//www.bbe-moldaenke.de/english/index.html
40Whole Water ToxicityAutomated Bioassays with
Sentinel Species
- FishBiological Monitoring Inc.
http//www.biomon.com/index.html
41Semi-Volatiles
- HPLC with Solid-phase extraction--Prospekt
http//www.biomon.com/index.html
42Volatiles
- GC with in-situ purge and trap--Aquascan
http//www.sentexinc.com/
43Sensors Under Development--Chemical and
Biological Agents
- Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform IR
Spec - Molecular Imprinted Polymers
- Pyrolysis GC Ion Mobility Mass Spec
44Sensors Under DevelopmentBiological Agents
- Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Antibody-Antigen Tests